An alternative conceptualization of this domain was provided by Tellegen and Waller (1987), which they termed “unconventionality” and included such attributes as dwelling upon fantasies, having ideas or beliefs that have little basis within reality, or often engaging in activities that are bizarre, deviant, or aberrant. The APA sponsored a conference charged with setting a research agenda that would be most effective in leading the field toward a dimensional classification of personality disorder (Widiger, Simonsen, Krueger, Livesley, & Verheul, 2005). In their recommendation for a dimensional model of personality disorder that would represent a common ground among the many alternative dimensional models, Widiger and Simonsen (2005) proposed a four rather than a five-factor model (i.e., emotional dysregulation vs. emotional stability, extraversion vs. introversion, antagonism vs. compliance, and constraint vs. impulsivity). However, they indicated that such a model risked excluding important individual differences in maladaptive personality functioning (e.g., cognitive-perceptual aberrations, absorption, and eccentricity). They suggested a fifth domain could be unconventionality versus closedness to experience. Watson (2006) proposes a similar domain of “oddity,” but suggests it be separated from the fifth factor of the FFM, inconsistent with Tellegen and Waller (1987), Lee and Ashton (2006), and Widiger, Costa, and McCrae (2002).
