A laboratory study showed that Asp40 carriers displayed stronger automatic approach tendencies for alcohol and suggested that such approach bias may not be alcohol-specific, as it was observed for other appetitive stimuli (Wiers et al., 2009). A self-report study in a sample of American Indians showed that Asp40 carriers reported expecting a more intense subjective response to alcohol (e.g., feeling buzzed, dizzy, drunk) as compared to Asn40 homozygotes, which in turn was correlated with lower alcohol use (Ehlers et al., 2008).
