Stage 1 analyses of FI and HOMA-IR revealed no loci that reached genome-wide significance, but there were six loci with consistent evidence for association across study samples at P<2×10−5 (Table 1, Supplementary Table 2, Supplementary Figure 2c–d). Comparison of the observed P-values with the distribution expected under the null hypothesis demonstrated an excess of small P-values which warrant further investigation (Figure 2c–d).