assessed with FastQC (D’Antonio et al., 2015), and the pre-processed reads were then aligned to the RefSeq NCBI reference human genome version GRCh38 (Pruitt et al., 2007) with Subread read aligner (Liao et al., 2013) using Hamming distance to break ties between more than one optimal mapping locations. Raw gene counts were obtained from BAM alignment files with the featureCounts tool (Liao et al., 2014).