for this relatedness, while identifying GVs that are common to multiple phenotypes and GVs that are phenotype specific. As such TATES provides a more complete view of the genetic architecture of complex traits. Third, it is often unclear which phenotype(s) or combination of phenotypes will maximize the probability of unraveling the genetic architecture of a complex trait. For example, in studying a complex trait like schizophrenia, quantitative cognitive traits that are commonly affected in schizophrenia patients (e.g., attention, mental flexibility, memory, sensorimotor processing) may be better candidates for unraveling the genetic architecture of schizophrenia than schizophrenia affection status [28]. Multivariate techniques obviate the need to focus on one phenotype, and help to chart both genetic overlap and genetic uniqueness of related traits. Such information on genetic similarity and dissimilarity of phenotypes may ultimately help uncover the actual disease mechanism.
