PAINT annotation is a GO curation effort to manually infer functions based on phylogenetic relationships (16). Since the last report in 2018, efforts have been made to both increase the number of annotations and improve their accuracy. Although GO is used to analyze genomes across the tree of life, a significant portion of our users work with vertebrates and in particular human. To better support these users, we focused our curation efforts over the last period on PANTHER families containing vertebrates and human gene products. As a consequence, about 2000 additional families encompassing 4200 human gene products were curated. In order to improve the accuracy of PAINT annotation, we focused on two main areas. The first was a review of previously curated families and updating of the annotations when new experimental annotations were added. The second was to implement a quality control mechanism to remove any taxon-constraint violations. As a result, significant progress has been made in generating new phylogenetically-inferred annotations (Table 1, PHYLO, columns 3, 5, 7)
