Chronic cocaine treatment increased the prevalence of transcripts generated using the ΔKalrn promoter (Figure 8B). Neither the level of full-length Kalirin transcripts nor usage of the Kalrn B and C promoters (Figure 8A) was altered by this treatment. Chronic cocaine treatment is known to increase expression of several transcription factors, including CREB, ΔFosB, MEF2 and Sp1, in the NAc [45,47,49-51]. Our own analyses demonstrated an increase in transcripts encoding CREB, MEF2 and Sp1 in the NAc of mice treated with this particular regimen of cocaine [52].