An ultimate goal might be to have genotype data—and later whole-genome sequence data—integrated into our clinical record; this could then be interrogated at each clinical encounter for relevant information on risk prediction, treatment response, and disorder prognosis. For polygenic risk scores, this is not yet scientifically justified and is technically challenging, particularly since an individual score must be built and interpreted against the appropriate genomic reference population, which may not be available. Both these restrictions are likely to change with continuing scientific progress in uncovering the genetic contribution to common diseases and with expanding capabilities of electronic health records [7]. Projects such as the eMERGE network (https://emerge-network.org/) are leading the way in these initiatives, although also highlighting clinicians’ concerns about the role of unsolicited genetic results in their practice [89].
