Briefly, blood pressure, heart rate and temperature were taken using an automated monitor. Anthropometric measurements were performed using standardized techniques according to Lohman [16]. Body composition was determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Repeated measures after one year were used to compute growth velocities and changes in FM, FFM and energy storage [17]. Methods used to measure fasting blood and 24-h urinary biochemistries are described elsewhere [14], [18], [19]. A multiple-pass 24-h dietary recall was recorded on two occasions using Nutrition Data System (NDS) [20]. Eating behavior was assessed with a dinner meal and eating in the absence of hunger [21]. Room respiration calorimetry was used to make 24-h measurements of energy expenditure and substrate oxidation [13]. Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and heart rate maximum (HRmax) were measured on a treadmill [22]. Actiwatch accelerometers were used to measure frequency, duration and intensity of physical activity [23].
