participation of studies that do not have permission to share individual-level data. Researchers should be aware of such options and restrictions, and we recommend regular review of policies as scientific advances may change the ground on which they are based. The practice of sharing summary statistics is increasingly important, and facilitates meta-analyses and other secondary analyses like polygenic risk scoring and estimation of cross-trait genetic correlations. Journals and funding agencies should require sharing of summary statistics whenever it is ethically and legally possible.
