The association between maternal problematic substance use and their adolescents’ lifetime alcohol use was partially mediated by maternal closeness (B = .05, 95 % CI .01–.12, % IE = 11.1). The associations between paternal problematic substance use and adolescent alcohol (B = .03, 95 % CI .00–.07, % IE = .07), cigarette (B = .05, 95 % CI .02–.09, % IE = .08), marijuana (B = .08, 95 % CI .04–.13, % IE = .15) prescription drug (B = .04, 95 % CI .00–.09, % IE = .08), and inhalant (B = .04, 95 % CI .01–.11, % IE = .20) use were partially mediated by parental monitoring.
