the hypothesis that decision-making is also negatively affected as a result of chronic heavy drinking. Not all deficits, however, show a relationship with a positive family history of alcohol; for example, ToM impairment was not more prevalent in children of alcohol-dependent parents (Kopera et al., 2014). Exploration of links between cognitive performance and alcohol use variables [i.e., length of alcoholism, usual daily alcohol intake or number of withdrawals (cf., Duka et al., 2003; Loeber et al., 2009) could also constitute other ways to investigate this question. However, alcohol consumption information can only be estimated through historical interview, which is limited by recall accuracy, possibly underlying why such relationships have often eluded detection in alcoholics. Again, longitudinal studies would best inform this area of inquiry.
