The positive association between adiposity and Extraversion was unexpected. Previous research has found no association (Chapman et al., 2009; Terracciano et al., 2009), a negative association (Kakizaki et al., 2008), or sex-specific associations (Brummett et al., 2006; Faith et al., 2001) between adiposity and Extraversion at the domain level. In the present study, this association was consistent across different ways of measuring adiposity in the cross-sectional analyses and over time in the longitudinal analyses. At the facet-level, although some of the associations were expected based on previous research (i.e., E3: Assertiveness and E4: Activity), the consistent association between adiposity and the emotional aspects of this trait was not. Overall, it is difficult to draw any conclusions about Extraversion, given the inconsistent findings across studies.
