The overall sample included 230 adults with BDI ranging in age from 18 to 77 (mean 42.2; sd = 12.6). Slightly more than half (n = 134; 58%) were female, and the majority were from White (n = 217; 94%), Non-Hispanic (n = 210; 91%) backgrounds. With respect to relationship status, 97 (42%) were single, never married, 61 (27%) were married or cohabiting, and 72 (31%) were divorced, separated, or widowed. One-hundred and forty (61%) were in a manic or mixed episode at the time of hospitalization and 85 (37%) were diagnosed as being in a major depressive episode. Episode polarity was not specified for the remaining 5 (2%) patients. Average GAF ranged from 15 – 65 (mean 46.7; sd = 9.7). Most patients (n = 163; 71%) had been hospitalized on an inpatient (vs. partial hospitalization) basis, and 185 (80%) had a documented history of prior psychiatric hospitalization.
