How might such a genetically-informed preventive intervention trial look? The first steps in such an endeavor are to critically examine the evidence base on both the quantitative genetic research side and the preventive intervention research side. On the quantitative genetic side, prevention scientists should attempt to conduct studies that: 1) specify a theory of change, 2) examine the role of heritable and environmental influences on individual outcomes using robust conceptualization and measurement of the environment and the individual outcome, in ways that map onto the environmental targets and the individual outcomes of a particular preventive intervention, 3) are replicable, reproducible, or can otherwise be shown to represent a robust effect on the interplay between inherited and environmental influences. In parallel to these efforts, on the intervention side, prevention scientists should: 1) identify (or develop) an intervention that maps onto a similar theory of change as the quantitative genetic study defined above, 2) ensure that there is a specific environmental mediator that can be targeted via intervention and that has overlap with the measurement of the environment in the quantitative genetic
