For all substances, the ratio of first to second eigenvalues for the dependence and abuse criteria set was very large (range 6.9-10.9), indicating a highly dominant single dimension explaining the variability in the criteria. The 2-factor CFA model found high correlation between factors measured separately by dependence and abuse criteria (>0.97), not supporting them as separate dimensions. The bi-factor CFA model results (Table 2) provide information on the relationship of each criterion with a single “general factor” compared to its unique relationship with dependence or abuse group dimensions. All alcohol, cocaine and heroin criteria show a strong relationship (>0.50) with the general factor and with little exception the criteria load much more strongly on the general factor than on the respective group factors. Of particular note, the cravings criterion loads very highly on the overall general factor (>0.90) with near zero correlations related to the dependence and abuse group factors. Convergence problems due to only one individual with legal problems for cannabis required legal problems to be dropped from the bifactor model for cannabis. Hazardous use shows a strong negative
