In conclusion, the findings of outcome-related potentials in a SOG paradigm identified several nodal points for further exploration: 1) the ORN and/or ORP features could potentially distinguish valence, amount, and gender differences; 2) separate brain processes/circuitry may mediate loss and gain outcomes as indicated by the topography of amplitude and current density; 3) gender as a variable could play a major role in the nature and sensitivity of these ERP components, and therefore analyzing/comparing these components in the context of gender will make the findings more reliable; and 4) behavioral/impulsivity variables could be potentially related to ERP measures in gambling paradigms. Future studies are needed to confirm our findings. Further, as recent studies [44, 74] indicate, understanding of outcome/reward processing can also be potentially enriched by the analysis of power and coherence in different frequency bands of event-related brain oscillations.
