(2) risk for other psychiatric problems around their median age of onset, both of which occur during young adulthood [31], forcing the correlation with age of smoking initiation to be positive. It is also possible that this change in direction is merely a statistical artifact. Lastly, ALCP-total was correlated with a variety of psychiatric phenotypes. ALCP-specific continued to yield small associations with many psychiatric traits, suggesting that ALCP-specific contains signal related to other disorders. It is important to note that in addition to removing shared variance with EXT, some of these association may no longer be significant, in part, due to reduced statistical power in the ALCP-specific results.