The P3 (P300) ER component is typically elicited in “oddball” tasks and associated with cognitive processing of relatively rare “target” task-relevant stimulus which is presented in the context of a more frequent “standard” stimuli that have to be ignored. Numerous studies have linked P3 to the processes of context updating, cognitive resource allocation, attention, and working memory (Polich, 2007). The oddball-P3 is the most extensively studied ERP phenomenon, perhaps because it was the first “endogenous” potential discovered (Sutton et al., 1965).
