Phenotypes were each separately corrected for covariates and inverse-normalized. Covariate main effects included age, age2, sex, generational status (parent/child), year of birth, first 10 genetic principal components, as well as interactions of birth year × generation, sex × generation, and age × generation. Birth year and age were quantitative covariates. With the exception of principal components, each covariate was highly significantly associated with most phenotypes (Table S4 in Supplement 1). Phenotypes were highly correlated and showed significant within-family correlations (Tables S2 and S3 in Supplement 1). Scatterplot matrices of the phenotypes, before and after inverse normalization are displayed in Figures S1 and S2 (see Supplement 1). Univariate phenotype histograms, prior to inverse-normalization, are displayed in Figure S3 (see Supplement 1).
