Our observations on the effects of FKBP5 variation at the DNA and RNA levels are consistent in many respects; however, our study has limitations. To reduce the likelihood that our findings were the result of type-1 error we conducted replication studies in independent samples and additional studies on mRNA expression that provided convergent support, but type-1 error cannot be excluded and replication and extension of these findings will be important. We limited our genotype association analysis to a previously studied SNP to limit the number of statistical tests conducted to preserve power, and to allow for direct comparisons to the two arrays used in our follow-up study on withdrawal effects. Based on prior literature we anticipated that rs3800373 would be highly correlation with rs1360780, an FKBP5 SNP with a putative regulatory function in glucocorticoid receptor binding to DNA.10 Rs3800373, rs1360780, and additional SNPs that form a common FKBP5 haplotype, have been reported to be associated to the presence of a number of different psychiatric traits in EAs and AAs.11-14, 37 We confirmed our expectations regarding linkage disequilibrium with a post-hoc