Studies have consistently shown that regardless of ethnic background, holding religious beliefs or attending religious services is associated with low rates of alcohol use and risk for problematic drinking behaviors (Brechting et al., 2010; Brown, Parks, & Zimmerman, 2001; Darrow, Russell, Cooper, Mudar, & Frone, 1992; Galen & Rogers, 2004; Wills, Gibbons, Gerrard, Murry, & Brody, 2003a). At the group level, it has been consistently shown that African Americans report higher levels of religiosity (e.g., holding religious beliefs, attending religious services, and prayer) than European Americans (Brown et al., 2001; Chatters, 2000; Chatters, Taylor, Bullard, & Jackson, 2008; Taylor, Mattis, & Chatters, 1999).
