We found a significant Group × Session interaction effect, F(3, 323) = 4.58, p < .01, on WSWS anxiety subscale scores when we applied the best-fitting model that included a random slope effect to session (see Figure 5). The results indicated that control participants, who continued to smoke, reported a significant decrease in self-reported anxiety withdrawal symptoms (simple slope = —0.64) than the changes reported by abstainers, simple slope = 0.11; t(323) = 2.79, p < .01, relapsers, simple slope = 0.37; t(323) = 2.98, p < .01, and never-quitters, simple slope = 0.20; t(323) = 2.27, p < .05. No differences were found among the three treatment subgroups. We did not find any significant differences in the smokers’ responses to any other WSWS subscales (e.g., Anger, Concentration, Craving, Hunger, Sad, and Sleep).
