In developmental research, ERPs hold the potential to chart changes in responding within the neural circuitry that supports reward processing. Several studies have examined developmental changes in the FRN for reward versus loss feedback. Eppinger, Mock, and Kray (2009) employed a probabilistic learning task to study the FRN among 10- to 12-year-old children and 19- to 24- year-old adults. They observed that compared to adults, children showed larger FRNs, but only in response to negative feedback—ERP amplitudes for positive feedback were similar across the children and adults they studied. A second relevant study by Hämmerer, Li, Müller, and Lindenberger (2011) employed a reinforcement learning task to examine the FRN among 9- to 11-year-old children, 13–14-year-old adolescents, young adults 30–40 years old and older adults 65–75 years. They found that for children 9–11, the FRN was less differentiated for reward versus loss, showing larger FRNs to both negative and positive feedback compared to 13–14-year-old adolescents and to young and older adults. Similar to adults, their adolescent group did differentiate between rewards and losses. Santesso, Dzyundzyak, and Segalowitz (2011) examined the FRN
