to 30.5. As in the bivariate model, this association was strongest during adolescence for both males and females, peaking at age 12.5 for females (1.8 point higher mean depression score, 95% CI = [0.05, 3.5]) and at age 16.5 for males (1.1 point higher mean depression score, 95% CI = [0.7, 1.5]). After adjusting for daily smoking and regular HED, marijuana use was significantly associated with elevated depressive symptoms among females during ages 12 to 30 and among males during ages 13.5 to 30.5. This association peaked in adolescence for both genders, at age 12 for females (2.6 point higher mean depression score, 95% CI = [0.3, 4.9]) and at age 15.5 for males (1.1 point higher mean depression score, 95% CI = [0.7, 1.5]). After adjusting for daily smoking and marijuana use, regular HED was associated with elevated depressive symptoms only during adolescence for both females (until age 18.5) and males (until age 17). For both genders, this association was strongest at age 12: females with regular HED had mean depression scores 3.7 points higher than non-users (95% CI = [2.1, 5.3]), and males reporting regular HED had mean depression scores 3.1 points higher (95% CI = [1.7, 4.4]).