The DSH is a relatively new conceptual model, therefore there is little research to date explicitly and fully testing its proposals. Recent reviews of the GxE findings that pertain to some aspects of the model find evidence consistent with the view that genetically susceptible individuals react to stressful environmental contexts with negative outcomes, and with positive outcomes under supportive environmental conditions.25, 30 However, the vast majority of extant studies have investigated GxE effects that focus on the absence of negative environments (for example, no maltreatment) and lack of negative outcomes (for example, no depression). Essential for investigating DSH's central hypothesis that genetically susceptible individuals respond to environmental context in a ‘for better and worse' manner is an assessment of positive/supportive environments, not merely the absence of negative environmental conditions. Moreover, to fully investigate differential responses to a range of environments, it is critical to assess positive, competent functioning and not solely the absence of negative outcomes. Indeed, in their recent review, Belsky and Pluess25 noted only one study31 that explicitly evaluated whether genetically susceptible individuals (adults with allelic variation in
