base quality as bright foreground, high contrast positions indicate positions where the data are more trustworthy. We show in Section 2.4 how to explicitly model these uncertainties to perform soft probabilistic weighting of the data rather than thresholding the uncertainties to deterministically calculate the allelic counts. We will now describe how various authors have approached this problem given {ai, bi, Ni} and optionally, {qi1:Ni, ri1:Ni}.