Association analyses were carried out for these variants via EPACTS for all cohorts except for HCHS/SOL, using the q.emmax test to account for relatedness within each cohort. Association tests were performed on inverse normalized residuals (adjusted for age, age squared, sex, and principal components/study specific covariates), further adjusting for kinship matrices constructed in EPACTS using variants with a MAF>1%. Individuals with different starting genotyping platform(s) were also analyzed separately. Inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis were further carried out using GWAMA [60], separately for AAs and Hispanics/Latinos.
