Specific options for treatment components to effectively address co-use of tobacco and cannabis can readily be gleaned from the extant evidence-based approaches for each individual substance. For tobacco, behavioral counseling plus medication (e.g., nicotine replacement medications, bupropion, or varenicline) is the optimal choice (128); whereas for cannabis, behavioral treatments (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy, contingency management) are the best available option as no effective medications are yet available (129). Tailoring programs for combining these interventions have yet to be explored and tested in empirical studies.
