The original protocol for male probands started in 1978 after approval by the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) Institutional Review Board (IRB). Recruitment began with a questionnaire mailed to randomly selected 18- to 25-year-old male UCSD students to select those who had experience with drinking alcohol but did not meet AUD criteria. Then, individuals who reported that their father had ever experienced sufficient alcohol problems to be considered as having an AUD were selected as being at higher risk for AUDs themselves. Subsequently, each family history–positive individual was matched with a family history–negative lower risk control on age, race, education, recent alcohol quantities and frequencies, tobacco use, recent cannabis experience, and height-to-weight ratio (Schuckit & Gold, 1988).
