& Chapman, 1987) and to report no history of: head injury with loss of consciousness greater than 10 minutes, concussion, epilepsy, electroshock therapy, use of current psychotropic medications, and active suicidal potential necessitating immediate treatment (although participation in current psychotherapy was allowed). Those passing this brief phone screen were invited for an intake interview, administered by a trained graduate clinical rater. Individuals were enrolled in the study if the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID, First, Spitzer, Gibbon, & Williams, 1997) indicated that they did not meet criteria for any DSM-IV Axis I disorder other than lifetime MDD and comorbid current dysthymia. Participants were selected to include currently non-depressed (MDD-, n = 163) individuals, individuals endorsing a current major depressive episode (n = 62), and also those with a history of depression but no current major depressive episode (n = 81); these latter two groups were considered jointly to be lifetime history positive for major depression (MDD+, n = 143).
