a gene expression trait and b a vector of fixed effects. Here Alocal is the GRM calculated from the local SNPs, and (the random effect) Glocal denotes the genetic effect attributable to the set of local SNPs with var (Glocal)=Alocalσlocal2 In this paper we focus on the component of heritability driven by SNPs in the vicinity of each gene since the component based on distal SNPs could not be estimated with enough accuracy to make meaningful inferences.
