minimize by choosing the first reported age of onset. Fourth, given insufficient assessments of dimensional psychopathology, we were unable to longitudinally evaluate subthreshold symptom development across waves, complicating the ability to distinguish predisposition from consequence. Fifth, despite covarying for tobacco and cannabis initiation and dependence, the identified pattern of associations may not be alcohol specific. Sixth, typical developmental timing of psychopathology onset (i.e. earlier onset of externalizing v. internalizing symptoms; Kessler et al., 2005) should be considered in the interpretation of findings; the prospective association between alcohol milestones and future internalizing may be partially attributable to low endorsement of internalizing prior to alcohol use onset, and the lack of significant associations between later alcohol milestones and future onsets of ODD and Conduct Disorder symptoms is likely due to generally earlier onset of EXT compared to later alcohol stages. Seventh, the age ceiling in the prospective study may have obscured relationships that are specific to individuals older than 36.
