Risk and resistance perspectives in translation-oriented etiology research.
- Authors
- Vanyukov, Michael M; Tarter, Ralph E; Conway, Kevin P; Kirillova, Galina P; Chandler, Redonna K; Daley, Dennis C
- Year
- 2016
- Journal
- Translational behavioral medicine
- PMID
- 27012252
- DOI
- 10.1007/s13142-015-0355-7
- PMCID
- PMC4807197
Risk for a disorder and the mechanisms that determine its elevation, risk factors, are the focus of medical research. Targeting risk factors should serve the goal of prevention and treatment intervention. Risk, however, is but one of the aspects of liability to a disorder, a latent trait that encompasses effects of all factors leading to or from the diagnostic threshold. The coequal but opposite aspect of liability is resistance to a disorder. The factors that increase resistance and thus enable prevention or recovery may differ from those that elevate risk. Accordingly, there are nontrivial differences between research perspectives that focus on risk and on resistance. This article shows how this distinction translates into goals and methods of research and practice, from the choice of potential mechanisms tested to the results sought in intervention. The resistance concept also differs from those of "resilience" and "protective factors," subsuming but not limited to them. The implications of the concept are discussed using substance use disorder as an example and substantiate the need for biomedical research and its translation to shift to the resistance perspective.
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External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A National Strategy for Preventing Substance and Opioid Use Disorders Through Evidence-Based Prevention Programming That Fosters Healthy Outcomes in Our Youth. | Fishbein DH et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Stigmata that are desired: Contradictions in addiction. | Vanyukov MM | — | 2024 | → |
| The misnomer of substance use "stigma": Beneficial disapproval should not be conflated with mistreatment of users. | Vanyukov M | — | 2024 | → |
| There is no stigmatization of substance use. | Vanyukov MM et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| A National Strategy for Preventing Substance and Opioid Use Disorders Through Evidence-Based Prevention Programming that Fosters Healthy Outcomes in Our Youth. | Fishbein DH et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Alcohol use disorder, psychiatric comorbidities, marriage and divorce in a high-risk sample. | Thomas NS et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Protective Factors as a Unifying Framework for Strength-Based Intervention and Culturally Responsive American Indian and Alaska Native Suicide Prevention. | Allen J et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The role of adolescent social relationships in promoting alcohol resistance: Interrupting the intergenerational transmission of alcohol misuse. | Stephenson M et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Commentary on the Culture of Prevention. | Sloboda Z et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Informing Prevention and Intervention Policy Using Genetic Studies of Resistance. | Maher BS et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Familial association of abstinent remission from alcohol use disorder in first-degree relatives of alcohol-dependent treatment-seeking probands. | McCutcheon VV et al. | — | 2017 | → |