Promoter choice determines splice site selection in protocadherin alpha and gamma pre-mRNA splicing.
paper
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- Authors
- Tasic, Bosiljka; Nabholz, Christoph E; Baldwin, Kristin K; Kim, Youngwook; Rueckert, Erroll H; Ribich, Scott A; Cramer, Paula; Wu, Qiang; Axel, Richard; Maniatis, Tom
- Year
- 2002
- Journal
- Molecular cell
- PMID
- 12150904
- DOI
- 10.1016/s1097-2765(02)00578-6
A family of mammalian protocadherin (Pcdh) proteins is encoded by three closely linked gene clusters (alpha, beta, and gamma). Multiple alpha and gamma Pcdh mRNAs are expressed in distinct patterns in the nervous system and are generated by alternative pre-mRNA splicing between different "variable" exons and three "constant" exons within each cluster. We show that each Pcdh variable exon is preceded by a promoter and that promoter choice determines which variable exon is included in a Pcdh mRNA. In addition, we provide evidence that alternative splicing of variable exons within a gene cluster occurs via a cis-splicing mechanism. However, virtually every variable exon can engage in trans-splicing with constant exons from another cluster, albeit at a far lower level.
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| Distinct genomic sequence of the CNR/Pcdhalpha genes in chicken. | Sugino H et al. | β | 2004 | β |
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| Genomic organization of the mouse Msh4 gene producing bicistronic, chimeric and antisense mRNA. | Hirano M et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Human potassium chloride cotransporter 1 (SLC12A4) promoter is regulated by AP-2 and contains a functional downstream promoter element. | Zhou GP et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Interaction with protocadherin-gamma regulates the cell surface expression of protocadherin-alpha. | Murata Y et al. | β | 2004 | β |
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| Negative and positive effects of an IAP-LTR on nearby Pcdaalpha gene expression in the central nervous system and neuroblastoma cell lines. | Sugino H et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| The b1 isoform of protocadherin-gamma (Pcdhgamma) interacts with the microtubule-destabilizing protein SCG10. | Gayet O et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| The role of the FcepsilonRI beta-chain in allergic diseases. | Kraft S et al. | β | 2004 | β |
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| Alternative trans-splicing of constant and variable exons of a Drosophila axon guidance gene, lola. | Horiuchi T et al. | β | 2003 | β |
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| Competing functions encoded in the allergy-associated F(c)epsilonRIbeta gene. | Donnadieu E et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Complex controls: the role of alternative promoters in mammalian genomes. | Landry JR et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Diversity of the cadherin-related neuronal receptor/protocadherin family and possible DNA rearrangement in the brain. | Yagi T | β | 2003 | β |
| Extensive exon reshuffling over evolutionary time coupled to trans-splicing in Drosophila. | Labrador M et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Extensive linkage disequilibrium, a common 16.7-kilobase deletion, and evidence of balancing selection in the human protocadherin alpha cluster. | Noonan JP et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Gamma-protocadherins are targeted to subsets of synapses and intracellular organelles in neurons. | Phillips GR et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Messenger RNA reprogramming by spliceosome-mediated RNA trans-splicing. | Garcia-Blanco MA | β | 2003 | β |
| Neural remodeling in retinal degeneration. | Marc RE et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Regulation of erythrocyte membrane protein gene expression. | Gallagher PG | β | 2003 | β |
| Retinal remodeling in inherited photoreceptor degenerations. | Marc RE et al. | β | 2003 | β |
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| Gamma protocadherins are required for survival of spinal interneurons. | Wang X et al. | β | 2002 | β |