Young adult sequelae of adolescent cannabis use: an integrative analysis.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Silins, Edmund; Horwood, L John; Patton, George C; Fergusson, David M; Olsson, Craig A; Hutchinson, Delyse M; Spry, Elizabeth; Toumbourou, John W; Degenhardt, Louisa; Swift, Wendy; Coffey, Carolyn; Tait, Robert J; Letcher, Primrose; Copeland, Jan; Mattick, Richard P; Cannabis Cohorts Research Consortium
- Year
- 2014
- Journal
- The lancet. Psychiatry
- PMID
- 26360862
- DOI
- 10.1016/S2215-0366(14)70307-4
BACKGROUND: Debate continues about the consequences of adolescent cannabis use. Existing data are limited in statistical power to examine rarer outcomes and less common, heavier patterns of cannabis use than those already investigated; furthermore, evidence has a piecemeal approach to reporting of young adult sequelae. We aimed to provide a broad picture of the psychosocial sequelae of adolescent cannabis use. METHODS: We integrated participant-level data from three large, long-running longitudinal studies from Australia and New Zealand: the Australian Temperament Project, the Christchurch Health and Development Study, and the Victorian Adolescent Health Cohort Study. We investigated the association between the maximum frequency of cannabis use before age 17 years (never, less than monthly, monthly or more, weekly or more, or daily) and seven developmental outcomes assessed up to age 30 years (high-school completion, attainment of university degree, cannabis dependence, use of other illicit drugs, suicide attempt, depression, and welfare dependence). The number of participants varied by outcome (N=2537 to N=3765). FINDINGS: We recorded clear and consistent associations and dose-response relations between the frequency of adolescent cannabis use and all adverse young adult outcomes. After covariate adjustment, compared with individuals who had never used cannabis, those who were daily users before age 17 years had clear reductions in the odds of high-school completion (adjusted odds ratio 0Β·37, 95% CI 0Β·20-0Β·66) and degree attainment (0Β·38, 0Β·22-0Β·66), and substantially increased odds of later cannabis dependence (17Β·95, 9Β·44-34Β·12), use of other illicit drugs (7Β·80, 4Β·46-13Β·63), and suicide attempt (6Β·83, 2Β·04-22Β·90). INTERPRETATION: Adverse sequelae of adolescent cannabis use are wide ranging and extend into young adulthood. Prevention or delay of cannabis use in adolescence is likely to have broad health and social benefits. Efforts to reform cannabis legislation should be carefully assessed to ensure they reduce adolescent cannabis use and prevent potentially adverse developmental effects. FUNDING: Australian Government National Health and Medical Research Council.
No figures extracted from this document.
No chunks β full text not yet ingested.
No entities extracted from this document yet.
No uploaded files.
Not in any collection.
No citations found.
In this knowledge base
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Practice Guideline: Assessment and Treatment of Adolescents and Young Adults With Substance Use Disorders and Problematic Substance Use (Excluding Tobacco). | Rockhill CM et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Effects of Legalizing Recreational Cannabis Sales on Cannabis Use and Cannabis-Related Disorder Among Presentations to a Psychiatric Emergency Service. | Foo CYS et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Estimating Price Elasticity of Cannabis Use Among U.S. Adolescents: Evidence From States With Recreational Cannabis Commercialization. | Han B et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Growing Concerns: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of cannabis use and mental health risks in youth. | Sanz-PΓ©rez A et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Racial and Ethnic Differences in Suicide Mortality Among Youth Aged 12-25 Years Following Medical and Recreational Cannabis Legalization in the U.S. | Hammond CJ et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Suicidal ideation and driving under the influence of alcohol and marijuana among U.S. adults: Findings from the 2021-2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. | Grigsby TJ et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| The Association Between Recreational Cannabis Legalization and Substance Use Treatment Admissions for Cannabis Misuse, 2010-2021. | Sun R et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Trends in US adolescent cannabis use, 1991-2023. | Amrock SM et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Brief Drug Interventions Delivered in General Medical Settings: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cannabis Use Outcomes. | Berny LM et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Cannabis Use from Early Adolescence to the Mid-Twenties in Children of Immigrant and Nonimmigrant Parents: Findings from a Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study. | Steinhoff A et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Cannabis use, health problems, and criminal offences in Germany: national and state-level trends between 2009 and 2021. | Manthey J et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Cannabis Use in Adolescents. | Bhangu GK et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Cannabis use is associated with changes in psychological and functional well-being during young adulthood: evidence from self-reports and hair analyses. | Johnson-Ferguson L et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Causal inference in multi-cohort studies using the target trial framework to identify and minimize sources of bias. | Downes M et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Childhood events as factors in continued cannabis use in adulthood: a longitudinal study of a 30-year follow-up cohort. | Wallez S et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Clinician perspectives on barriers and facilitators to the treatment of adolescent cannabis use: A qualitative study. | Mian MN et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Differences in Cannabis and Cannabidiol Attitudes, Perceptions, and Behaviors Between US Adolescents Receiving Mood Disorder Treatment and Their Parents Across Legal Contexts. | Hammond CJ et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Disparities in Treatment Outcomes for Cannabis Use Disorder Among Adolescents. | Miranda H et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Dual abstinence from nicotine vaping and cannabis use among young people: secondary analyses from two U.S.-based randomized controlled trials of vaping cessation. | Graham AL et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Family incarceration and adolescent nicotine, alcohol, and cannabis use: A coarsened exact matching approach. | Forster M et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Health Service Use Among Young Adults With a History of Adolescent Cannabis Use. | MartΓnez P et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| History of cannabis use and cognitive function in older adults: findings from the UK biobank. | Sznitman SR et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Multilevel Risk and Protective Factors Influencing Cannabis Use Among Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States: A Systematic Review. | Phares BA et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Perturbations of CB1 receptor signalling during adolescence impair cortical myelination in female rats. | Zamberletti E et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Polysubstance Use and Social Sequelae in Women of Reproductive Age with Recent Marijuana Use. | Kim SH et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Prospective associations of COVID-related stress with vaping nicotine and cannabis among high school students: Mediated by vaping susceptibility. | Lee R et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Review of Cannabis-Related Programmatic Activities for Drug-Free Communities (DFC) Support Program Coalitions. | Mallory V et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| The Impact of Recreational Cannabis Markets on Cannabis Use Among Adolescents and Adults: A Synthetic Control Analysis. | Marinello S | β | 2025 | β |
| The Relationships of Early Use of Marijuana With Substance Use and Violence in Adolescent Gamblers and Non-Gamblers. | Sirek G et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| The role of depression in the relationship between cannabis use and suicidal behaviours: A systematic review and meta-analysis. | Maffre Maviel G et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Trends in lifetime controlled drug use and associated risk factors among Japanese Junior High School Students: Findings from Nationwide Surveys, 2016-2024. | Mizuno S et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| A Comprehensive Review and Update on Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome. | Loganathan P et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Analysis of social media compliance with cannabis advertising regulations: evidence from recreational dispensaries in Illinois 1-year post-legalization. | Marinello S et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Cannabis Use Differences Among Sexual Minority Versus Heterosexual Females and Males in Oklahoma: The Roles of Mental Health, Cannabis Perceptions, and Cannabis Marketing Exposure. | Romm KF et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Cannabis use in adolescents and anxiety symptoms and disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | Lowe DJE et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Could be better: adolescent access to health information and care. | Herriman Z et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Countering online marketing and user endorsements with enhanced cannabis warning labels: An online experiment among at-risk youth and young adults. | Yang S et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Editorial: Marijuana Legalization and Suicide in Adolescents and Transitional-Age Youth: Important Future Directions for This Line of Research. | Olsavsky AK et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Epigenetic effects of cannabis: A systematic scoping review of behavioral and emotional symptoms associated with cannabis use and exocannabinoid exposure. | Machado AS et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Life-course Accumulated Cannabis Use and Recent Cannabis-related Problems in the Washington Panel Survey. | Zhu Y et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Mechanisms of behavior change during alcohol treatment among negative affect drinkers: A time-varying effect model analysis using 84 consecutive days of ecological momentary assessment. | Zhao J et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Multilevel associations of peer cognitive factors and adolescent cannabis use in a legal recreational cannabis region. | Kenyon EA et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Perceptions, Experiences, and Patterns of Cannabis Use in Individuals with Mood and Anxiety Disorders in the Context of Cannabis Legalization and Medical Cannabis Program in Canada - A Qualitative Study. | Das A et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Proximity to Cannabis Retailers and Recent Cannabis Use among a Diverse Sample of California Adolescents. | Albers L et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Psychometric properties of the cannabis abuse screening test (CAST) in a sample of Moroccans with cannabis use. | El Malki H et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Reflective and non-reflective influences on cannabis use among undergraduate students: A qualitative study. | Porche S et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| The Developmental Trajectory to Cannabis Use Disorder. | Hinckley JD et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| The impact of recreational cannabis legalization on youth: the Colorado experience. | Hinckley J et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| The Monitoring Illicit Substance Use Consortium: A Study Protocol. | Greenwood CJ et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| What Parents Are Missing: Parental Knowledge of Adult-Use Cannabis Legislation and Health Effects, and Communication with Adolescents. | Adewale CA et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| A Scoping Review of Associations Between Cannabis Use and Anxiety in Adolescents and Young Adults. | Stiles-Shields C et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Cannabis Pen-Induced Psychosisin a First-Time Adolescent User. | Beck PJ et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Cannabis Unveiled: An Exploration of Marijuana's History, Active Compounds, Effects, Benefits, and Risks on Human Health. | Hasan KM | β | 2023 | β |
| Cannabis Use Disorder in Adolescents. | Hashemi D et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Cannabis Use Disorder in Adolescents. | Hashemi D et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Differential associations of adolescent versus young adult cannabis initiation with longitudinal brain change and behavior. | Albaugh MD et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Early-onset smoking and vaping of cannabis: Prevalence, correlates and trends in New Zealand 14-15-year-olds. | Ball J et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Impact of Cannabis Legalization on Adolescent Cannabis Use. | Ladegard K et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Impact of Cannabis Legalization on Adolescent Cannabis Use. | Ladegard K et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Impaired Ghrelin Signaling Does Not Lead to Alterations of Anxiety-like Behaviors in Adult Mice Chronically Exposed to THC during Adolescence. | Sestan-Pesa M et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Parental practices and their association with alcohol and cannabis use among adolescents in Chile. | Libuy N et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| The relationship between depressed affect, parental monitoring, and sex on cannabis use among American Indian youth. | Haruyama D et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Towards a New Dynamic Interaction Model of Adolescent CUD Manifestation, Prevention, and Treatment: A Narrative Review. | Oosten W et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Treatment of Adolescent Cannabis Use Disorders. | Adams ZW et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Treatment of Adolescent Cannabis Use Disorders. | Adams ZW et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Validation of a Bayesian learning model to predict the risk for cannabis use disorder. | Ruberu TLM et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Adolescent cannabis experimentation and unemployment in young to mid-adulthood: Results from the French TEMPO Cohort study. | Barry KM et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Adolescent cannabis use and the later onset of bipolar disorder: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. | Yasuma N et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Adult Psychiatric, Substance, and Functional Outcomes of Different Definitions of Early Cannabis Use. | Copeland WE et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Alcohol and Cannabis Use Trajectories and Outcomes in a Sample of Hispanic, White, and Asian Sexual and Gender Minority Emerging Adults. | Dunbar MS et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Associations of Cannabis Use across Adolescence and Early Adulthood With Health and Psychosocial Adjustment in Early Adulthood and Midadulthood in Men. | Capaldi DM et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Cannabis for Rheumatic Disease Pain: a Review of Current Literature. | Nowell WB et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Cannabis use and suicidal ideation among youth: Can we democratize school policies using digital citizen science? | Katapally TR | β | 2022 | β |
| Chronic adolescent exposure to cannabis in mice leads to sex-biased changes in gene expression networks across brain regions. | Zuo Y et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Cyberbullying involvement, parental support, and cannabis use among adolescents. | Sampasa-Kanyinga H et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Does cannabis use in adolescence predict self-harm or suicide? Results from a Finnish Birth Cohort Study. | Denissoff A et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Early Age of Cannabis Initiation and Its Association With Suicidal Behaviors. | Ahuja M et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Editorial: Early Cannabis Exposure Definitions That Correspond With High Cumulative Lifetime Dose During Adolescence Are the Strongest Predictors of Adverse Health Outcomes. | Hammond CJ | β | 2022 | β |
| Epilepsy and cannabis: so near, yet so far. | Kirkpatrick M et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Graduate student burnout: Substance use, mental health, and the moderating role of advisor satisfaction. | Allen HK et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| High Prevalence and Early Onsets: Legal and Illegal Substance Use in an Urban Cohort of Young Adults in Switzerland. | Quednow BB et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Identifying risk-thresholds for the association between frequency of cannabis use and development of cannabis use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. | Robinson T et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Latent Class Analysis and Predictors of Marijuana Use among Reservation-based American Indian High School Students. | Swaim RC et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Neurogenetic and Epigenetic Aspects of Cannabinoids. | Dennen CA et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Online interventions for cannabis use among adolescents and young adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. | Beneria A et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Substance use, affective symptoms, and suicidal ideation among Russian, Somali, and Kurdish migrants in Finland. | Salama E et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Textual and pictorial enhancement of cannabis warning labels: An Online experiment among at-risk U.S. young adults. | Kim SJ et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Trends and characteristics of cannabis-associated emergency department visits in the United States, 2006-2018. | Roehler DR et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| US trends in the association of suicide ideation/behaviors with marijuana use among adolescents ages 12-17 and differences by gender and race/ethnicity. | Flores MW et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Variations of cannabis-related adverse mental health and addiction outcomes across adolescence and adulthood: A scoping review. | Kaur N et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Adolescent cannabis use, depression and anxiety disorders in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. | Mustonen A et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Age- and Sex-Related Cortical Gray Matter Volume Differences in Adolescent Cannabis Users: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Voxel-Based Morphometry Studies. | Allick A et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Age of onset of heaviest use of cannabis or alcohol in persons with severe opioid or cocaine use disorders. | Butelman ER et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Age-specific rates of onset of cannabis use in Mexico. | LΓ³pez-MΓ©ndez M et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Associations between adolescent cannabis use and young-adult functioning in three longitudinal twin studies. | Schaefer JD et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Associations of Suicidality Trends With Cannabis Use as a Function of Sex and Depression Status. | Han B et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Cannabis and Depression. | Feingold D et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Cannabis and tobacco use prior to pregnancy and subsequent offspring birth outcomes: a 20-year intergenerational prospective cohort study. | Hines LA et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Comorbid Cannabis Use Disorder with Major Depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis of Nationally Representative Epidemiological Surveys. | Onaemo VN et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Day-level shifts in social contexts during youth cannabis use treatment. | Meisel SN et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Detrimental effects of adolescent escalating low-dose Ξ<sup>9</sup> -tetrahydrocannabinol leads to a specific bio-behavioural profile in adult male rats. | Poulia N et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Effects of daily Ξ<sup>9</sup>-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) alone or combined with cannabidiol (CBD) on cognition-based behavior and activity in adolescent nonhuman primates. | Withey SL et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Emerging Adults in Inpatient Substance Use Treatment: A Prospective Cohort Study of Patient Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes. | Andersson HW et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Examining Same-Day Associations Between Cannabis Use Motives and Condom Use in Urban Emerging Adults: A Brief Report. | Clark DA et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Frequent teenage cannabis use: Prevalence across adolescence and associations with young adult psychopathology and functional well-being in an urban cohort. | Shanahan L et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| High-intensity cannabis use and hospitalization: a prospective cohort study of street-involved youth in Vancouver, Canada. | Reddon H et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Hit the chronicβ¦ physical activity: are cannabis associated mental health changes in adolescents attenuated by remaining active? | Duncan MJ et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Initiation of Moderately Frequent Cannabis use in Adolescence and Young Adulthood is Associated with Declines in Verbal Learning and Memory: A Longitudinal Comparison of Pre- versus Post-Initiation Cognitive Performance. | Ajmera N et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Legalization of cannabis use in Canada: Impacts on the cannabis use profiles of youth seeking services for substance use. | Hawke LD et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Longitudinal Emergence of Concurrent Mental Health and Substance Use Concerns in an Ontario School-Based Sample: The Research and Action for Teens Study. | Henderson JL et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Marijuana, Alcohol, and ED: Correlations with LUTS/BPH. | Lloyd GL et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Relationships between patterns of cannabis use, abuse and dependence and recent stimulant use: Evidence from two national surveys in Ireland. | Millar SR et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Risk Factors for Cannabis-Related Mental Health Harms in Older Adults: A Review. | Hudson A et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Teen Reports of Cannabis for Medical Reasons-What Does That Mean? | Budney AJ | β | 2021 | β |
| The cannabinoid system and microglia in health and disease. | Duffy SS et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| The why behind the high: determinants of neurocognition during acute cannabis exposure. | Ramaekers JG et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Using the Theory of Reasoned Action to examine grandparent and maternal substance use on the cannabis use of children of teen mothers. | Cederbaum JA et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| An intergenerational investigation of the associations between parental marijuana use trajectories and child functioning. | Epstein M et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Are CB2 Receptors a New Target for Schizophrenia Treatment? | Cortez IL et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Assessment of Incorporation of Lessons From Tobacco Control in City and County Laws Regulating Legal Marijuana in California. | Silver LD et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Association between the use of Cannabis and elevated suicide risk in high school adolescents from Santa Marta, Colombia | Campo-Arias A et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Association of Changes in Missouri Firearm Laws With Adolescent and Young Adult Suicides by Firearms. | Bhatt A et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| A Web-Based Program for Cannabis Use and Psychotic Experiences in Young People (Keep It Real): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. | Hides L et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Cannabis and multiple sclerosis. | Fragoso YD et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Cannabis and the Developing Adolescent Brain. | Fischer AS et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Cannabis and the developing brain challenge risk perception. | Hurd YL | β | 2020 | β |
| Cannabis hyperemesis syndrome: an update on the pathophysiology and management. | Perisetti A et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Cannabis use among U.S. adolescents in the era of marijuana legalization: a review of changing use patterns, comorbidity, and health correlates. | Hammond CJ et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Cannabis Use and the Risk for Psychosis and Affective Disorders. | Sideli L et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Cannabis Use, Cannabis Use Disorder, and Comorbid Psychiatric Illness: A Narrative Review. | Hasin D et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Cannabis use, depression and suicidal ideation in adolescence: direction of associations in a population based cohort. | Bolanis D et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Commentary on Chan & Hall (2020): Advances in specifying cannabis consumption. | Compton WM et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Effects of chronic exposure to low doses of Ξ9- tetrahydrocannabinol in adolescence and adulthood on serotonin/norepinephrine neurotransmission and emotional behaviors. | De Gregorio D et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Exposure to Cannabis Marketing in Social and Traditional Media and Past-Year Use Among Adolescents in States With Legal Retail Cannabis. | Whitehill JM et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Factors related to an increase of cannabis use among adolescents in Chile: National school based surveys between 2003 and 2017. | Libuy N et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Heavy cannabis use, dependence and the brain: a clinical perspective. | Kroon E et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Impact of cannabis mass gathering events on mental health and health service utilization | Lombardo P et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Life-course trajectories of cannabis use: a latent class analysis of a New Zealand birth cohort. | Boden JM et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Marijuana and the Pediatric Population. | Dharmapuri S et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Marijuana Use and Potential Implications of Marijuana Legalization. | Grigsby TM et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Medical, therapeutic, and recreational use of cannabis among young men who have sex with men living with HIV. | Bruce D et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Rapid increase in the prevalence of cannabis use among people with depression in the United States, 2005-17: the role of differentially changing risk perceptions. | Pacek LR et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| 'Standard THC units': a proposal to standardize dose across all cannabis products and methods of administration. | Freeman TP et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| The Changing Legal Landscape of Cannabis Use and Its Role in Youth-onset Psychosis. | Wright A et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| The Role of Substance Use and Resiliency Factors on Suicidal Ideation among Middle School Students. | Greene N et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Adolescent cannabis use and risk of mental health problems-the need for newer data. | McDonald AJ et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Age of First Marijuana Use and Its Impact on Education Attainment and Employment Status. | Beverly HK et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Alcohol and parenthood: An integrative analysis of the effects of transition to parenthood in three Australasian cohorts. | Borschmann R et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| A Review of Cannabis in Chronic Kidney Disease Symptom Management. | Ho C et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Association of Cannabis Use in Adolescence and Risk of Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality in Young Adulthood: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. | Gobbi G et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Associations between adolescent cannabis use frequency and adult brain structure: A prospective study of boys followed to adulthood. | Meier MH et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Associations Between Cannabis Use and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Longitudinal Study of Men. | Meier MH et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Associations Between Marijuana Use Trajectories and Educational and Occupational Success in Young Adulthood. | Thompson K et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Cannabis and the Developing Brain: Insights into Its Long-Lasting Effects. | Hurd YL et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Cannabis use and suicide attempts among 86,254 adolescents aged 12-15 years from 21 low- and middle-income countries. | Carvalho AF et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Cannabis use disorder and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder: A meta-analysis. | Bartoli F et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| "Debt on Me Head": A Qualitative Study of the Experience of Teenage Cannabis Users in Treatment. | James PD et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Effects of Adolescent Cannabis Use on Motivation and Depression: A Systematic Review. | Pacheco-ColΓ³n I et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Graduate degree completion: Associations with alcohol and marijuana use before and after enrollment. | Allen HK et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Grey Matter Volume Differences Associated with Extremely Low Levels of Cannabis Use in Adolescence. | Orr C et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Household Gun Ownership and Youth Suicide Rates at the State Level, 2005-2015. | Knopov A et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Pharmacotherapies for cannabis dependence. | Nielsen S et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Regular cannabis use is associated with altered activation of central executive and default mode networks even after prolonged abstinence in adolescent users: Results from a complementary meta-analysis. | Blest-Hopley G et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Relationship Between Recency and Frequency of Youth Cannabis Use on Other Substance Use. | Jones CM et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Technology-Delivered Interventions for Substance Use Among Adolescents. | Ondersma SJ et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| The efficacy of spiritual/religious interventions for substance use problems: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. | Hai AH et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Time since first cannabis use and 12-month prevalence of cannabis use disorder among youth and emerging adults in the United States. | Han B et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Trends in cannabis use over time among Canadian youth: 2004-2014. | Leos-Toro C et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Trends of major depressive episode among people with cannabis use: Findings from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2006-2015. | CarrΓ G et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Adolescent mental health and behavioural predictors of being NEET: a prospective study of young adults not in employment, education, or training. | Rodwell L et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Advancing the Study of Adolescent Substance Use Through the Use of Integrative Data Analysis. | Curran PJ et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Age moderates the association between frequent cannabis use and negative schizotypy over time. | Albertella L et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Association of Cannabis With Cognitive Functioning in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. | Scott JC et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Cannabinoids for the treatment of rheumatic diseases - where do we stand? | Katz-Talmor D et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Cannabis use among middle and high school students in Ontario: a school-based cross-sectional study. | Sampasa-Kanyinga H et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Cannabis use, other substance use, and co-occurring mental health concerns among youth presenting for substance use treatment services: Sex and age differences. | Hawke LD et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Changes in cannabis potency and first-time admissions to drug treatment: a 16-year study in the Netherlands. | Freeman TP et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Clinical issues in cannabis use. | Bonomo Y et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Developmental sensitivity to cannabis use patterns and risk for major depressive disorder in mid-life: findings from 40 years of follow-up. | Schoeler T et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Exposure to and Content of Marijuana Product Reviews. | Cavazos-Rehg PA et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Frequency of Cannabis Use and Medical Cannabis Use Among Persons Living With HIV in the United States: Findings From a Nationally Representative Sample. | Pacek LR et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Identity as a cannabis user is related to problematic patterns of consumption among emerging adults. | Blevins CE et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Individual and school-class correlates of youth cannabis use in Sweden: A multilevel study. | Karlsson P et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Is cannabis a risk factor for suicide attempts in men and women with psychotic illness? | Waterreus A et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Marijuana Use and Depressive Symptoms; Gender Differences in African American Adolescents. | Assari S et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Minimizing the adverse public health effects of cannabis legalization. | Hall W | β | 2018 | β |
| Mood Fluctuation and Psychobiological Instability: The Same Core Functions Are Disrupted by Novel Psychoactive Substances and Established Recreational Drugs. | Parrott AC | β | 2018 | β |
| Non-medical Cannabis Self-Exposure as a Dimensional Predictor of Opioid Dependence Diagnosis: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis. | Butelman ER et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Prevalence of Cannabis Use Disorder and Associated Factors among Cannabis Young Adult Users at Shashemene Town, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2016. | Tullu M et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Psychometric assessment of the marijuana adolescent problem inventory. | Knapp AA et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Recovery schools for improving behavioral and academic outcomes among students in recovery from substance use disorders: a systematic review. | Hennessy EA et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Sociodemographic, clinical, and functional long-term outcomes in adolescents and young adults with mental disorders. | Asselmann E et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Testing associations between cannabis use and subcortical volumes in two large population-based samples. | Gillespie NA et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| The Implications of Cannabis Policy Changes in Washington on Adolescent Perception of Risk, Norms, Attitudes, and Substance Use. | Blevins CE et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| The intergenerational transmission of cannabis use: Associations between parental history of cannabis use and cannabis use disorder, low positive parenting, and offspring cannabis use. | Hill M et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| The lows of getting high: sentinel surveillance of injuries associated with cannabis and other substance use. | Rao DP et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| The outcomes of adolescent mental disorders. | Borschmann R et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| The prevalence of substance use among Russian, Somali and Kurdish migrants in Finland: a population-based study. | Salama E et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| The Problem with the Current High Potency THC Marijuana from the Perspective of an Addiction Psychiatrist. | Stuyt E | β | 2018 | β |
| Trends in and correlates of medical marijuana use among adults in the United States. | Han B et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Trends in cannabis use disorder by cigarette smoking status in the United States, 2002-2016. | Weinberger AH et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Adolescent cannabis use, change in neurocognitive function, and high-school graduation: A longitudinal study from early adolescence to young adulthood. | Castellanos-Ryan N et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Alcohol, cannabis and other drugs and subsequent suicide ideation and attempt among young Mexicans. | Borges G et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| A prospective study of the substance use and mental health outcomes of young adult former and current cannabis users. | Silins E et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Building smart cannabis policy from the science up. | Weiss SRB et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Cannabis and development of dual diagnoses: A literature review. | Hanna RC et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorders Among Youth in the United States, 2002-2014. | Han B et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Can we make cannabis safer? | Englund A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Daily associations between cannabis motives and consumption in emerging adults. | Bonar EE et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Developing harm reduction in the context of youth substance use: insights from a multi-site qualitative analysis of young people's harm minimization strategies. | Jenkins EK et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Developmental Pathways from Child Maltreatment to Adolescent Substance Use: The Roles of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Mother-Child Relationships. | Yoon S et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| DSM-5 cannabis use disorder, substance use and DSM-5 specific substance-use disorders: Evaluating comorbidity in a population-based sample. | Hayley AC et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Early cannabis initiation and educational attainment: is the association causal? Data from the French TEMPO study. | Melchior M et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Evidence for Sex Convergence in Prevalence of Cannabis Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression. | Chapman C et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Evidence for the Risks and Consequences of Adolescent Cannabis Exposure. | Levine A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Health considerations in regulating marijuana in Vermont. | Chen H et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| How does marijuana affect outcomes after trauma in ICU patients? A propensity-matched analysis. | Singer M et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Implementing the teen marijuana check-up in schools-a study protocol. | Hartzler B et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Legalization of cannabis: Considerations for intervening with adolescent consumers. | Walker DD | β | 2017 | β |
| Longitudinal Studies on the Etiology of Cannabis Use Disorder: A Review. | Courtney KE et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Long-term consequences of adolescent cannabis use: Examining intermediary processes. | Green KM et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Lower-Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines: A Comprehensive Update of Evidence and Recommendations. | Fischer B et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Maelstrom Research guidelines for rigorous retrospective data harmonization. | Fortier I et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Major depressive disorder, suicidal thoughts and behaviours, and cannabis involvement in discordant twins: a retrospective cohort study. | Agrawal A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Patterns of cannabis use during adolescence and their association with harmful substance use behaviour: findings from a UK birth cohort. | Taylor M et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Ready, willing, and able: the role of cannabis use opportunities in understanding adolescent cannabis use. | Burdzovic Andreas J et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Reciprocal relationships between substance use and disorders and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Alcoholism. | Agrawal A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Recreational Cannabis - Minimizing the Health Risks from Legalization. | Kilmer B | β | 2017 | β |
| Recreational stimulants, herbal, and spice cannabis: The core psychobiological processes that underlie their damaging effects. | Parrott AC et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Responding to the adolescent in distress. | Patton G et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| The consequences of chronic cannabis smoking in vulnerable adolescents. | Iede MA et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| The Role of Public Health in Combatting Synthetic Cannabinoid Use in Adolescents. | Warren KE et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Time-varying effects of families and peers on adolescent marijuana use: Person-environment interactions across development. | Epstein M et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| A critique of cannabis legalization proposals in Canada. | Kalant H | β | 2016 | β |
| Acute and Chronic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human Cognition-A Systematic Review. | Broyd SJ et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Adolescence as a period of vulnerability and intervention in schizophrenia: Insights from the MAM model. | Gomes FV et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| A literature review and meta-analyses of cannabis use and suicidality. | Borges G et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Are IQ and educational outcomes in teenagers related to their cannabis use? A prospective cohort study. | Mokrysz C et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| [Are protection of minors and cannabis legalization compatible with each other? β The legalization debate from a child and adolescent psychiatric point of view]. | Thomasius R et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Associations Between Cannabis Use and Physical Health Problems in Early Midlife: A Longitudinal Comparison of Persistent Cannabis vs Tobacco Users. | Meier MH et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Augmenting brief interventions for adolescent marijuana users: The impact of motivational check-ins. | Walker DD et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Cannabis use and psychological distress: An 8-year prospective population-based study among Swedish men and women. | Danielsson AK et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Definitions of Risky and Problematic Cannabis Use: A Systematic Review. | Casajuana C et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Developmental trajectories of adolescent cannabis use and their relationship to young adult social and behavioural adjustment: A longitudinal study of Australian youth. | Scholes-Balog KE et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Does screening for and intervening with multiple health compromising behaviours and mental health disorders amongst young people attending primary care improve health outcomes? A systematic review. | Webb MJ et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Keep off the grass? Cannabis, cognition and addiction. | Curran HV et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Legalizing marijuana. | Leyton M | β | 2016 | β |
| Limitations to the Dutch cannabis toleration policy: Assumptions underlying the reclassification of cannabis above 15% THC. | Van Laar M et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Marijuana use and service utilization among adolescents 7 years post substance use treatment. | Campbell CI et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Marijuana use and use disorders in adults in the USA, 2002-14: analysis of annual cross-sectional surveys. | Compton WM et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Microglial Cells as a Link between Cannabinoids and the Immune Hypothesis of Psychiatric Disorders. | Lisboa SF et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Motives for marijuana use among heavy-using high school students: An analysis of structure and utility of the Comprehensive Marijuana Motives Questionnaire. | Blevins CE et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Peer-led interventions to prevent tobacco, alcohol and/or drug use among young people aged 11-21 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | Georgie J M et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Persistent cannabis dependence and alcohol dependence represent risks for midlife economic and social problems: A longitudinal cohort study. | CerdΓ‘ M et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Prevention of Youthful Marijuana Use. | Cermak TL et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| School Substance Use Norms and Racial Composition Moderate Parental and Peer Influences on Adolescent Substance Use. | Su J et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| State of transition: Marijuana use among young adults in the San Francisco Bay Area. | Holmes LM et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| The association between cannabis use and suicidality among men and women: A population-based longitudinal study. | Shalit N et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| The burden of disease attributable to cannabis use in Canada in 2012. | Imtiaz S et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| The effects of Ξ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol on the dopamine system. | Bloomfield MA et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| The impact of adolescent exposure to medical marijuana laws on high school completion, college enrollment and college degree completion. | Plunk AD et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| The incidence of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders in Denmark in the period 2000-2012. A register-based study. | KΓΌhl JOG et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Traditional marijuana, high-potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids: increasing risk for psychosis. | Murray RM et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Weighing the Evidence: A Systematic Review on Long-Term Neurocognitive Effects of Cannabis Use in Abstinent Adolescents and Adults. | Ganzer F et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Who are the adolescents saying "No" to cannabis offers. | Burdzovic Andreas J et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Why young people's substance use matters for global health. | Hall WD et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| A Commentary on "A New Initiative on Precision Medicine". | Ghitza UE | β | 2015 | β |
| Adolescent substance use and educational attainment: An integrative data analysis comparing cannabis and alcohol from three Australasian cohorts. | Silins E et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Appraising the risks of reefer madness. | Murray R | β | 2015 | β |
| Associations of adolescent cannabis use with academic performance and mental health: A longitudinal study of upper middle class youth. | Meier MH et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Cannabis use among Swedish men in adolescence and the risk of adverse life course outcomes: results from a 20 year-follow-up study. | Danielsson AK et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Effects of marijuana use on impulsivity and hostility in daily life. | Ansell EB et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Gender differences in the associations among marijuana use, cigarette use, and symptoms of depression during adolescence and young adulthood. | Crane NA et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Gender, male-typicality, and social norms predicting adolescent alcohol intoxication and marijuana use. | Mahalik JR et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| How can data harmonisation benefit mental health research? An example of The Cannabis Cohorts Research Consortium. | Hutchinson DM et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Medical cannabis: time for clear thinking. | Penington DG | β | 2015 | β |
| Predicting Young Adult Degree Attainment by Late Adolescent Marijuana Use. | Maggs JL et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Progression in substance use initiation: A multilevel discordant monozygotic twin design. | Richmond-Rakerd LS et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Solitary cannabis use in adolescence as a correlate and predictor of cannabis problems. | Creswell KG et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The impact of marijuana policies on youth: clinical, research, and legal update. | Ammerman S et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The impact of marijuana policies on youth: clinical, research, and legal update. | Committee on Substance Abuse et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The relationship between cannabis involvement and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. | Delforterie MJ et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Adolescent cannabis use and adverse sequelae in adulthood. | Nordentoft M | β | 2014 | β |
| Rethinking dose-response effects of cannabis use in adolescence. | Freeman TP et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Rethinking dose-response effects of cannabis use in adolescence. | Reiman A et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Rethinking dose-response effects of cannabis use in adolescence - Authors' reply. | Silins E et al. | β | 2014 | β |