Ghrelin: structure and function.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Kojima, Masayasu; Kangawa, Kenji
- Year
- 2005
- Journal
- Physiological reviews
- PMID
- 15788704
- DOI
- 10.1152/physrev.00012.2004
Small synthetic molecules called growth hormone secretagogues (GHSs) stimulate the release of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary. They act through the GHS-R, a G protein-coupled receptor whose ligand has only been discovered recently. Using a reverse pharmacology paradigm with a stable cell line expressing GHS-R, we purified an endogenous ligand for GHS-R from rat stomach and named it "ghrelin," after a word root ("ghre") in Proto-Indo-European languages meaning "grow." Ghrelin is a peptide hormone in which the third amino acid, usually a serine but in some species a threonine, is modified by a fatty acid; this modification is essential for ghrelin's activity. The discovery of ghrelin indicates that the release of GH from the pituitary might be regulated not only by hypothalamic GH-releasing hormone, but also by ghrelin derived from the stomach. In addition, ghrelin stimulates appetite by acting on the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, a region known to control food intake. Ghrelin is orexigenic; it is secreted from the stomach and circulates in the bloodstream under fasting conditions, indicating that it transmits a hunger signal from the periphery to the central nervous system. Taking into account all these activities, ghrelin plays important roles for maintaining GH release and energy homeostasis in vertebrates.
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| Effects of oral, smoked, and vaporized cannabis on endocrine pathways related to appetite and metabolism: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, human laboratory study. | Farokhnia M et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Exogenous Ghrelin Increases Plasma Insulin Level in Diabetic Rats. | Elabadlah H et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Expression of the ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor axis and its functional role in promoting tumor growth in primary central nervous system lymphomas. | Muta H et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Food texture influences on satiety: systematic review and meta-analysis. | StribiΕ£caia E et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Ghrelin as an Anti-Sepsis Peptide: Review. | Mathur N et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Greater lactate accumulation following an acute bout of high-intensity exercise in males suppresses acylated ghrelin and appetite postexercise. | Vanderheyden LW et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Identification of pheasant ghrelin and motilin and their actions on contractility of the isolated gastrointestinal tract. | Zhang S et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Integration of Cell-Free Expression and Solid-State NMR to Investigate the Dynamic Properties of Different Sites of the Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor. | Pacull EM et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Interleukin-27 decreases ghrelin production through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling. | Zhang H et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Intermittent versus continuous enteral nutrition attenuates increases in insulin and leptin during short-term bed rest. | Gonzalez JT et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Localization and distribution of CCK-8, NPY, Leu-ENK-, and Ghrelin- in the digestive tract of Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836). | Barrios CE et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Molecular and computational analysis of Ghrelin, growth hormone Secretagogues receptor and mRNA expression of Growth-related genes after exogenous administered ghrelin peptide in Labeo rohita. | Dar SA et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Multiple organs involved in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. | Li X et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Pancreas is a preeminent source of ghrelin after sleeve gastrectomy in Wistar rats. | Camacho-RamΓrez A et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Plasma levels of acylated ghrelin in patients with insulinoma and expression of ghrelin and its receptor in insulinomas. | Wu HY et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Quercetin 3-O-malonylglucoside in the leaves of mulberry (Morus alba) is a functional analog of ghrelin. | Lin YC et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Response of the expression of oxytocin neurons to ghrelin in female mice. | Pan D et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Serum ghrelin and esophageal and gastric cancer in two cohorts in China. | Pritchett NR et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Structure of an antagonist-bound ghrelin receptor reveals possible ghrelin recognition mode. | Shiimura Y et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| The brain-penetrating, orally bioavailable, ghrelin receptor agonist HM01 ameliorates motion-induced emesis in Suncus murinus (house musk shrew). | Tu L et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| The development of peptide-boron difluoride formazanate conjugates as fluorescence imaging agents. | Sharma N et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| The drive to eat in homo sapiens: Energy expenditure drives energy intake. | Blundell JE et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| The Effect of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity on the Expression of Nutrient Chemosensors in the Mouse Stomach and the Gastric Ghrelin Cell. | Nunez-Salces M et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| The emerging role of lactate as a mediator of exercise-induced appetite suppression. | McCarthy SF et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| The expressions of some metabolic hormones (leptin, ghrelin and obestatin) in the tissues of sheep tongue. | SaΔsΓΆz H et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| The Good, the Bad and the Unknown Aspects of Ghrelin in Stress Coping and Stress-Related Psychiatric Disorders. | Fritz EM et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| The Potential Role of Gut Peptide Hormones in Autism Spectrum Disorder. | Qi XR et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| The relationship among androgens, insulin resistance and ghrelin polymorphisms in post-adolescent male patients with severe acne vulgaris. | Pektas SD et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Thrifty Hormone Ghrelin: The Secret of Aging Muscularly. | Sun Y | β | 2020 | β |
| Unacylated ghrelin stimulates fatty acid oxidation to protect skeletal muscle against palmitate-induced impairment of insulin action in lean but not high-fat fed rats. | Cervone DT et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Z-505, an Oral Ghrelin Receptor Agonist, Attenuates Anorexia After Total Gastrectomy in Rats. | Shiomi Y et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| A multicenter, open-label, single-arm study of anamorelin (ONO-7643) in advanced gastrointestinal cancer patients with cancer cachexia. | Hamauchi S et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| A new action of peptide hormones for survival in a low-nutrient environment. | Sato T et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Anorexia and the Cancer Patient. | Johannes CM et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Appetite Regulations After Sprint Exercise Under Hypoxic Condition in Female Athletes. | Kojima C et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Characterization of a third ghrelin receptor, GHS-R3a, in channel catfish reveals novel expression patterns and a high affinity for homologous ligand. | Small BC et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Contribution of ghrelin to functional gastrointestinal disorders' pathogenesis. | Koutouratsas T et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Development and Characteristics of Pancreatic Epsilon Cells. | Sakata N et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Effect of ghrelin on VEGF-B and connexin-43 in a rat model of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. | Elhadidy MG et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Effects of Intracerebroventricular and Intra-Arcuate Nucleus Injection of Ghrelin on Pain Behavioral Responses and Met-Enkephalin and Ξ²-Endorphin Concentrations in the Periaqueductal Gray Area in Rats. | Pirzadeh S et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Efficacy of rivastigmine transdermal therapy on low food intake in patients with Alzheimer's disease: The Attitude Towards Food Consumption in Alzheimer's Disease Patients Revive with Rivastigmine Effects study. | Tsuno N et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Enhancement of the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and cartilage repair by ghrelin. | Fan L et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Erythromycin acts through the ghrelin receptor to attenuate inflammatory responses in chondrocytes and maintain joint integrity. | Uchimura T et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Exogenous ghrelin ameliorates acute lung injury by modulating the nuclear factor ΞΊB inhibitor kinase/nuclear factor ΞΊB inhibitor/nuclear factor ΞΊB pathway after hemorrhagic shock. | Zhang LN et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Ghrelin and NUCB2/Nesfatin-1 Co-Localization With Digestive Enzymes in the Intestine of Pejerrey (Odontesthes bonariensis). | Bertucci JI et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Ghrelin attenuates myocardial fibrosis after acute myocardial infarction via inhibiting endothelial-to mesenchymal transition in rat model. | Chen H et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Ghrelin attenuates oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis via GHSR-1Ξ±/AMPK/Sirt1/PGC-1Ξ±/UCP2 pathway in a rat model of neonatal HIE. | Huang J et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Ghrelin forms in the modulation of energy balance and metabolism. | Gortan Cappellari G et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Ghrelin: From a gut hormone to a potential therapeutic target for alcohol use disorder. | Farokhnia M et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Ghrelin-Mediated Hippocampal Neurogenesis: Implications for Health and Disease. | Buntwal L et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| GHRL gene-based genotyping of ovine and caprine breeds reveals highly polymorphic intronic sequences in Awassi sheep with several RNA motifs. | Al-Shuhaib MBS et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Homeobox B4 gene expression is upregulated by ghrelin through PI3-kinase signaling pathway in rat's bone marrow stromal cells. | Taherkhani S et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Identification of two teaghrelins in Shy-jih-chuen oolong tea. | Li YC et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| <i>GHRL</i> Gene Leu72Met Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis Involving 8,194 Participants. | Li YY et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Insulin resistance: Review of the underlying molecular mechanisms. | Yaribeygi H et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Is Eating Raisins Healthy? | Olmo-Cunillera A et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Menopause is associated with decreased postprandial ghrelin, whereas a history of anorexia nervosa is associated with increased total ghrelin. | Stojiljkovic-Drobnjak S et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Methyl Donor Deficiency during Gestation and Lactation in the Rat Affects the Expression of Neuropeptides and Related Receptors in the Hypothalamus. | Saber Cherif L et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Modulatory effects of ghrelin on sperm quality alterations induced by a fructose-enriched diet. | RamΓrez ND et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer-Induced Sleep Disruption. | Walker WH et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Potential Therapeutic Effects of Gut Hormones, Ghrelin and Obestatin in Oral Mucositis. | Stempniewicz A et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Protective effects of ghrelin on kidney tissue in rats with partial ureteral obstruction | Γimen S et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Regulation of Gastrointestinal Motility by Motilin and Ghrelin in Vertebrates. | Kitazawa T et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Relationships of endocrine cells to each other and to other cell types in the human gastric fundus and corpus. | Fakhry J et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Role of ghrelin on growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis during endotoxemia. | Faim F et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| The Mechanism of Action of Ghrelin and Motilin in the Pacemaker Potentials of Interstitial Cells of Cajal from the Murine Small Intestine. | Kim JN et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| The Order of Grass and Maize Silage Supplementation Modifies Milk Yield, Grazing Behavior and Nitrogen Partitioning of Lactating Dairy Cows. | BeltrΓ‘n IE et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| A Linear Fragment of Unacylated Ghrelin (UAG<sub>6-13</sub>) Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice in a Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor-Independent Manner. | Huynh DN et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Capromorelin: a ghrelin receptor agonist and novel therapy for stimulation of appetite in dogs. | Rhodes L et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Central regulation of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and energy homeostasis dependent on food availability. | Nakamura Y et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Comparison of total/active ghrelin levels in primary open angle glaucoma, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation syndrome. | Eraslan N et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Conditional and Reversible Activation of Class A and B G Protein-Coupled Receptors Using Tethered Pharmacology. | Podewin T et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Dexamethasone and insulin stimulate ghrelin secretion of broilers in a different way. | Song X et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Drugs of Muscle Wasting and Their Therapeutic Targets. | Sakuma K et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Effect of HTST and Holder Pasteurization on the Concentration of Immunoglobulins, Growth Factors, and Hormones in Donor Human Milk. | Escuder-Vieco D et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Effect of rivastigmine on plasma butyrylcholine esterase activity and plasma ghrelin levels in patients with dementia in Alzheimer's disease. | Kuroda A et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Effect of short- and long-term feed restriction on ghrelin concentrations in turkeys. | Vizcarra FR et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Effects of chocolate-based products intake on blood glucose, insulin and ghrelin levels and on satiety in young people: a cross-over experimental study. | Zhang CX et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Enteroendocrine profile of Ξ±-transducin and Ξ±-gustducin immunoreactive cells in the chicken (Gallus domesticus) gastrointestinal tract. | Mazzoni M et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Exogenous ghrelin administration increases alcohol self-administration and modulates brain functional activity in heavy-drinking alcohol-dependent individuals. | Farokhnia M et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Ghrelin and gastrointestinal wound healing. A new perspective for colorectal surgery. | Lyra Junior HF et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Ghrelin potentiates cardiac reactivity to stress by modulating sympathetic control and beta-adrenergic response. | Camargo-Silva G et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Ghrelin Preserves Ischemia-Induced Vasodilation of Male Rat Coronary Vessels Following Ξ²-Adrenergic Receptor Blockade. | Pearson JT et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| GhrelinΒ receptor signaling targets segregated clusters of neurons within the nucleus of the solitary tract. | Cornejo MP et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Ghrelin transport across the blood-brain barrier can occur independently of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. | Rhea EM et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Gut: A key player in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes? | Muscogiuri G et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Hexarelin treatment preserves myocardial function and reduces cardiac fibrosis in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction. | McDonald H et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Hypothalamic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma regulates ghrelin production and food intake. | Li Q et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Identification and Characterization of a New Series of Ghrelin O-Acyl Transferase Inhibitors. | Yoneyama-Hirozane M et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Increased Serum Acylated Ghrelin Levels in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. | Cao X et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Key issues in Rett syndrome: emotional, behavioural and autonomic dysregulation (EBAD) - a target for clinical trials. | Singh J et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Laserpuncture Increases Serum Concentration of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in Adolescent Rats. | Handayani S et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| LEAP2 Is an Endogenous Antagonist of the Ghrelin Receptor. | Ge X et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Multiple signaling pathways convey central and peripheral signals to regulate pituitary function: Lessons from human and non-human primate models. | VΓ‘zquez-Borrego MC et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| NO involvement in the inhibition of ghrelin on voltage-dependent potassium currents in rat hippocampal cells. | Lu Y et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Pharmacological interventions for obesity: current and future targets. | Bocarsly ME | β | 2018 | β |
| Pharmacological manipulation of the ghrelin system and alcohol hangover symptoms in heavy drinking individuals: Is there a link? | Farokhnia M et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Post-Exercise Whole Body Cryotherapy (-140 Β°C) Increases Energy Intake in Athletes. | Kojima C et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Profile of Gut Hormones, Pancreatic Hormones and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in New Zealand Maori. | Cervantes A et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Recent advances in pharmacological, hormonal, and nutritional intervention for sarcopenia. | Sakuma K et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Relationship between irritable bowel syndrome and plasma and tissue ghrelin levels. | Εahin-EryΔ±lmaz G et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Role of hormonal and inflammatory alterations in obesity-related reproductive dysfunction at the level of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. | Goldsammler M et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Structural determination, distribution, and physiological actions of ghrelin in the guinea pig. | Okuhara Y et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| The Homeostatic Force of Ghrelin. | Yanagi S et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| The protective role of human ghrelin in sepsis: Restoration of CD4 T cell proliferation. | Zhou M et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| The role of intragestational ghrelin on postnatal development and reproductive programming in mice | Torres PJ et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Z-505 hydrochloride ameliorates chemotherapy-induced anorexia in rodents via activation of the ghrelin receptor, GHSR1a. | Shiomi Y et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Ξ²-Oxidation in ghrelin-producing cells is important for ghrelin acyl-modification. | Ikenoya C et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| A multianalytical approach to evaluate the association of 55 SNPs in 28 genes with obesity risk in North Indian adults. | Srivastava A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Association of plasma ghrelin levels and ghrelin rs4684677 polymorphism with mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic patients. | Huang R et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Associations of serum leptin, ghrelin and peptide YY levels with physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent boys with different BMI values. | Remmel L et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Butyrylcholinesterase gene transfer in obese mice prevents postdieting body weight rebound by suppressing ghrelin signaling. | Chen VP et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Butyrylcholinesterase regulates central ghrelin signaling and has an impact on food intake and glucose homeostasis. | Chen VP et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Changes in obestatin gene and GPR39 receptor expression in peripheral tissues of rat models of obesity, type 1 and type 2 diabetes. | Kolodziejski PA et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Circulating Ghrelin Acts on GABA Neurons of the Area Postrema and Mediates Gastric Emptying in Male Mice. | Cabral A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Comparison of Weight Loss, Ghrelin, and Leptin Hormones After Ligation of Left Gastric Artery and Sleeve Gastrectomy in a Rat Model. | Yardimci E et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Decreased synovial fluid ghrelin levels are linked with disease severity in primary knee osteoarthritis patients and are increased following laser therapy. | Zou YC et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Distribution and developmental changes of ghrelin-immunopositive cells in the pancreas of African ostrich chicks (Struthio camelus). | Wang JX et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Effects of different musical frequencies on NPY and Ghrelin secretion in the rat hypothalamus. | Russo C et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Electroacupuncture improves acute bowel injury recovery in rat models. | Wu J et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Endocrine Function after Bariatric Surgery. | Kim KS et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Endogenous peptide profile for elucidating biosynthetic processing of the ghrelin precursor. | Tsuchiya T et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Essential Role of Growth Hormone and IGF-1 in Therapeutic Effect of Ghrelin in the Course of Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis. | Ceranowicz P et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Ghrelin affects stopover decisions and food intake in a long-distance migrant. | Goymann W et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Ghrelin alleviates anxiety- and depression-like behaviors induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress in rodents. | Huang HJ et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Ghrelin and Neurodegenerative Disorders-a Review. | Shi L et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Ghrelin, CCK, GLP-1, and PYY(3-36): Secretory Controls and Physiological Roles in Eating and Glycemia in Health, Obesity, and After RYGB. | Steinert RE et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Ghrelin function in human obesity and type 2 diabetes: a concise review. | Churm R et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Ghrelin improves dystonia and tremor in patients with Rett syndrome: A pilot study. | Yuge K et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Ghrelin plasma concentration does not covary with energy demand in adult laying hens. | HΓΆhne A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Ghrelin receptors mediate ghrelin-induced excitation of agouti-related protein/neuropeptide Y but not pro-opiomelanocortin neurons. | Chen SR et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Hypoxia-Related Hormonal Appetite Modulation in Humans during Rest and Exercise: Mini Review. | Debevec T | β | 2017 | β |
| Involvement of Astrocytes in Mediating the Central Effects of Ghrelin. | Frago LM et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Involvement of PPARΞ³ in the Anticonvulsant Activity of EP-80317, a Ghrelin Receptor Antagonist. | Lucchi C et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Is Ghrelin Synthesized in the Central Nervous System? | Cabral A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Is there a role for ghrelin in central dopaminergic systems? Focus on nigrostriatal and mesocorticolimbic pathways. | Stievenard A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Lipopeptides as therapeutics: applications and in vivo quantitative analysis. | ZemenovΓ‘ J et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| l-Ornithine stimulates growth hormone release in a manner dependent on the ghrelin system. | Ho YY et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Molecular Ghrelin System in the Pancreatic Acinar Cells: The Role of the Polypeptide, Caerulein and Sensory Nerves. | Bonior J et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Neurogenic Effects of Ghrelin on the Hippocampus. | Kim C et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Oncology Update: Anamorelin. | Prommer E | β | 2017 | β |
| PAX6 maintains Ξ² cell identity by repressing genes of alternative islet cell types. | Swisa A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Postnatal Prevention of Childhood Obesity in Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Gestational Diabetes mellitus: Where Are We Now? | Dugas C et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Potential involvement of lactate and interleukin-6 in the appetite-regulatory hormonal response to an acute exercise bout. | Islam H et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Pre-breeding food restriction promotes the optimization of parental investment in house mice, Mus musculus. | DuΕ‘ek A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Randomized, dose-finding trial of ghrelin treatment for chronic respiratory failure. | Miki K et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Recent developments in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses of ghrelin and related peptides. | Eslami Z et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Serum adipokines, adipose tissue measurements and metabolic parameters in patients with advanced radiographic knee osteoarthritis. | Toussirot E et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Stress does not affect ghrelin secretion in obese and normal weight women. | Kiessl GRR et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Suppression of Ghrelin Exacerbates HFCS-Induced Adiposity and Insulin Resistance. | Ma X et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Suppression of GHS-R in AgRP Neurons Mitigates Diet-Induced Obesity by Activating Thermogenesis. | Wu CS et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| The chicken is an interesting animal for study of the functional role of ghrelin in the gastrointestinal tract. | Kitazawa T et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| The genetic epidemiology of substance use disorder: A review. | Prom-Wormley EC et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| The Impact of Ghrelin in Metabolic Diseases: An Immune Perspective. | Pereira JADS et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| The Leu72Met Polymorphism of the Prepro-ghrelin Gene is Associated With Alcohol Consumption and Subjective Responses to Alcohol: Preliminary Findings. | Suchankova P et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| The presence of acylated ghrelin during in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes induces cumulus cell DNA damage and apoptosis, and impairs early embryo development. | Sirini MA et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Therapeutic effect of human ghrelin and growth hormone: Attenuation of immunosuppression in septic aged rats. | Zhou M et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| The Role of the Ghrelin System in Drug Addiction. | Zallar LJ et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Z-505 hydrochloride, an orally active ghrelin agonist, attenuates the progression of cancer cachexia via anabolic hormones in Colon 26 tumor-bearing mice. | Yoshimura M et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Altered Brain Response to Drinking Glucose and Fructose in Obese Adolescents. | Jastreboff AM et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Butyrylcholinesterase Deficiency Promotes Adipose Tissue Growth and Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Male Mice on High-Fat Diet. | Chen VP et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Combined Administration of Human Ghrelin and Human Growth Hormone Attenuates Organ Injury and Improves Survival in Aged Septic Rats. | Yang WL et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Critical review evaluating the pig as a model for human nutritional physiology. | Roura E et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Deletion of G-protein-coupled receptor 55 promotes obesity by reducing physical activity. | Meadows A et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Des-Acyl Ghrelin Directly Targets the Arcuate Nucleus in a Ghrelin-Receptor Independent Manner and Impairs the Orexigenic Effect of Ghrelin. | Fernandez G et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Dietary stimulation of the endogenous somatotropic axis in weaner and grower-finisher pigs using medium chain triglycerides and cysteamine hydrochloride. | Miller DW et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Diversification and coevolution of the ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor system in vertebrates. | Tine M et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Effects of development and delayed feed access on ghrelin expression in neonatal broiler chickens. | Yu Y et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Effects of ghrelin and motilin on smooth muscle contractility of the isolated gastrointestinal tract from the bullfrog and Japanese fire belly newt. | Kitazawa T et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Effects of ghrelin in energy balance and body weight homeostasis. | Mihalache L et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Evidence that ghrelin may be associated with the food intake of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). | Zhou C et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Exendin-4 decreases ghrelin levels through mTOR signaling. | Hong X et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin accelerates wound healing through GHS-R1a-mediated MAPK-NF-ΞΊB/GR signaling pathways in combined radiation and burn injury in rats. | Liu C et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin Actions on Somatotropic and Gonadotropic Function in Humans. | Motta G et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin activates hypophysiotropic corticotropin-releasing factor neurons independently of the arcuate nucleus. | Cabral A et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin and Breast Cancer: Emerging Roles in Obesity, Estrogen Regulation, and Cancer. | Au CC et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin and GHS-R in the rat gastric mucosa: Are they involved in regulation of growth during early weaning? | Bittar NM et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin and the Cardiovascular System. | Lilleness BM et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin binding to serum albumin and its biological impact. | Lufrano D et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin gene products rescue cultured adult rat hippocampal neural stem cells from high glucose insult. | Kim S et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin, ghrelin-O-acyl transferase, nucleobindin-2/nesfatin-1 and prohormone convertases in the pancreatic islets of Sprague Dawley rats during development. | Mohan H et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin improves intestinal mucosal atrophy during parenteral nutrition: An experimental study. | Yamada W et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin induces colon cancer cell proliferation through the GHS-R, Ras, PI3K, Akt, and mTOR signaling pathways. | Lien GS et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT), a specific enzyme that modifies ghrelin with a medium-chain fatty acid. | Kojima M et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin promotes oral tumor cell proliferation by modifying GLUT1 expression. | Kraus D et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin protects MES23.5 cells against rotenone via inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. | Yu J et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin Receptor Mutations and Human Obesity. | Wang W et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin regulates cell cycle-related gene expression in cultured hippocampal neural stem cells. | Chung H et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin-related peptides do not modulate vasodilator nitric oxide production or superoxide levels in mouse systemic arteries. | Ku JM et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Ghrelin suppresses the GnRH-induced preovulatory gonadotropin surge in dairy heifers. | Chouzouris TM et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Hypothalamic regulation of body growth and appetite by ghrelin-derived peptides during balanced nutrition or undernutrition. | Hassouna R et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis reveals alterations in the liver induced by restricted meal frequency in a pig model. | Liu J et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Lentivirus-mediated shRNA interference of ghrelin receptor blocks proliferation in the colorectal cancer cells. | Liu A et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Localization of ghrelin-like peptide in the gastrointestinal tract of the golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) and changing of its concentration during fasting. | Ngernsoungnern A et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Lysine mediation of neuroendocrine food regulation in guinea fowl. | Payne A et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Mechanisms linking energy balance and reproduction: impact of prenatal environment. | Rhinehart EM | β | 2016 | β |
| Metabolic signals in sleep regulation: recent insights. | Shukla C et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Molecular Cloning of Ghrelin and Characteristics of Ghrelin-Producing Cells in the Gastrointestinal Tract of the Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). | Takemi S et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Neuroendocrine Regulation of Metabolism. | Cornejo MP et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Neuropeptide Control of Feeding Behavior in Birds and Its Difference with Mammals. | Tachibana T et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| New Insights in Anorexia Nervosa. | Gorwood P et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Obesity in MENX Rats Is Accompanied by High Circulating Levels of Ghrelin and Improved Insulin Sensitivity. | Wiedemann T et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Physiological roles for butyrylcholinesterase: A BChE-ghrelin axis. | Brimijoin S et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Plasma Ghrelin Concentrations Were Altered with Oestrous Cycle Stage and Increasing Age in Reproductively Competent Wistar Females. | Johnson ML et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Plasma ghrelin levels in association with left ventricular function and nutritional status in dialysis patients. | Xu L et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Prolyl carboxypeptidase purified from human placenta: its characterization and identification as an apelin-cleaving enzyme. | Kehoe K et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Protective Effect of Dietary Ghrelin-Containing Salmon Stomach Extract on Mortality and Cardiotoxicity in Doxorubicin-Induced Mouse Model of Heart Failure. | Kihara M et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Serum ghrelin levels in patients with Behcet's disease. | Erden I et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Shikonin induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells via activation of FOXO3a/EGR1/SIRT1 signaling antagonized by p300. | Jeung YJ et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Signaling of ghrelin and its functional receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, promote tumor growth in glioblastomas. | Okada Y et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Simple and Sensitive Quantification of Ghrelin Hormone in Human Plasma Using SBSE-HPLC/DAD-MS. | Eslami Z et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Study on the molecular mechanism of antinociception induced by ghrelin in acute pain in mice. | Liu FY et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| The administration of ghrelin improved hepatocellular injury following parenteral feeding in a rat model of short bowel syndrome. | Onishi S et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| The Effect of a 20 km Run on Appetite Regulation in Long Distance Runners. | Kojima C et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| The Neurobiological Impact of Ghrelin Suppression after Oesophagectomy. | Murphy CF et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Tissue-specific expression of ghrelinergic and NUCB2/nesfatin-1 systems in goldfish (Carassius auratus) is modulated by macronutrient composition of diets. | Blanco AM et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Two ghrelin receptor agonists for adults with malnutrition: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | Su J et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Urine and serum ghrelin, sCD80 and sCTLA-4 levels in doxorubicin-induced experimental nephrotic syndrome. | Ozkorucu D et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| 2-Aminoalkyl nicotinamide derivatives as pure inverse agonists of the ghrelin receptor. | Takahashi B et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Acute exercise and gastric emptying: a meta-analysis and implications for appetite control. | Horner KM et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Analysis of the ghrelin receptor-independent vascular actions of ulimorelin. | Broad J et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Anamorelin hydrochloride for the treatment of cancer-anorexia-cachexia in NSCLC. | Zhang H et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Anti-ghrelin antibodies in appetite suppression: recent advances in obesity pharmacotherapy. | Altabas V et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Appetite regulation is independent of the changes in ghrelin levels in pregnant rats fed low-protein diet. | Gao H et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| A short history, principles, and types of ELISA, and our laboratory experience with peptide/protein analyses using ELISA. | Aydin S | β | 2015 | β |
| Assessment of serum and urine ghrelin levels in patients with acute stroke. | Seyhanli ES et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Associations between Bone Mineral Characteristics and Serum Levels of Ghrelin and Peptide YY in Overweight Adolescent Boys. | Remmel L et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Bioorthogonal Labeling of Ghrelin Receptor to Facilitate Studies of Ligand-Dependent Conformational Dynamics. | Park M et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Blunted hypothalamic ghrelin signaling reduces diet intake in rats fed a low-protein diet in late pregnancy. | Gao H et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Brain circuits mediating the orexigenic action of peripheral ghrelin: narrow gates for a vast kingdom. | Cabral A et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Changes in serum ghrelin level in relation to meal-time in patients with functional dyspepsia. | Kazemi M et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| COMPARATIVE GUT PHYSIOLOGY SYMPOSIUM: Comparative physiology of digestion. | Furness JB et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Correlation of ghrelin concentration and ghrelin, ghrelin-O-acetyltransferase (GOAT) and growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a mRNAs expression in the proventriculus and brain of the growing chicken. | Kitazawa T et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Effect of enalapril maleate on ghrelin levels in metabolic syndrome in rats. | Aygen B et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Evaluation and diagnostic potential of serum ghrelin in feline hypersomatotropism and diabetes mellitus. | Jensen KB et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| From mouth to anus: Functional and structural relevance of enteric neurons in the Drosophila melanogaster gut. | Kuraishi T et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Genetic determination of the cellular basis of the ghrelin-dependent bone remodeling. | Ma C et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Genetic obesity alters recruitment of TANK-binding kinase 1 and AKT into hypothalamic lipid rafts domains. | Delint-Ramirez I et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Ghrelin. | MΓΌller TD et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Ghrelin Administration Increases the Bax/Bcl-2 Gene Expression Ratio in the Heart of Chronic Hypoxic Rats. | Aliparasti MR et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Ghrelin ameliorates catabolic conditions and respiratory dysfunction in a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model of chronic cigarette smoke-exposed rats. | Kamiide Y et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Ghrelin Decreases Angiogenesis, HIF-1Ξ± and VEGF Protein Levels in Chronic Hypoxia in Lung Tissue of Male Rats. | Mirzaei Bavil F et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Ghrelin enhancer, rikkunshito, improves postprandial gastric motor dysfunction in an experimental stress model. | Harada Y et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Ghrelin, food intake, and botanical extracts: A Review. | Rezaie P et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Ghrelin increases memory consolidation through hippocampal mechanisms dependent on glutamate release and NR2B-subunits of the NMDA receptor. | Ghersi MS et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Ghrelin O-Acyl Transferase in Zebrafish Is an Evolutionarily Conserved Peptide Upregulated During Calorie Restriction. | Hatef A et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Ghrelin - Physiological Functions and Regulation. | Ibrahim Abdalla MM | β | 2015 | β |
| Ghrelin receptors as targets for novel motility drugs. | Sessenwein JL et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Ghrelin-related peptides exert protective effects in the cerebral circulation of male mice through a nonclassical ghrelin receptor(s). | Ku JM et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Gut fat signaling and appetite control with special emphasis on the effect of thylakoids from spinach on eating behavior. | Rebello CJ et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Identification of biosynthetic intermediates of teaghrelins and teaghrelin-like compounds in oolong teas, and their molecular docking to the ghrelin receptor. | Hsieh SK et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Implications of ghrelin and hexarelin in diabetes and diabetes-associated heart diseases. | Mosa RM et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Improvement of Physical Decline Through Combined Effects of Muscle Enhancement and Mitochondrial Activation by a Gastric Hormone Ghrelin in Male 5/6Nx CKD Model Mice. | Tamaki M et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| In Situ Localization and Rhythmic Expression of Ghrelin and ghs-r1 Ghrelin Receptor in the Brain and Gastrointestinal Tract of Goldfish (Carassius auratus). | SΓ‘nchez-BretaΓ±o A et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of ghrelin in an experimental glaucoma model. | Can N et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| New trisubstituted 1,2,4-triazoles as ghrelin receptor antagonists. | Blayo AL et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Omental transplantation for neuroendocrinological disorders. | Rafael H | β | 2015 | β |
| Ontogeny of the Digestive System of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) and Effects of Soybean Meal from Start-Feeding. | Sahlmann C et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Orally active ghrelin receptor inverse agonists and their actions on a rat obesity model. | Takahashi B et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Perinatal Oxidative Stress May Affect Fetal Ghrelin Levels in Humans. | Luo ZC et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Peripheral mechanisms in appetite regulation. | Camilleri M | β | 2015 | β |
| Plasma butyrylcholinesterase regulates ghrelin to control aggression. | Chen VP et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Reduced autophagy in livers of fasted, fat-depleted, ghrelin-deficient mice: reversal by growth hormone. | Zhang Y et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Regulation of the Human Ghrelin Promoter Activity by Transcription Factors, NF-ΞΊB and Nkx2.2. | Shiimura Y et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Responses in gut hormones and hunger to diets with either high protein or a mixture of protein plus free amino acids supplied under weight-loss conditions. | Lobley GE et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Structure-activity analysis of human ghrelin O-acyltransferase reveals chemical determinants of ghrelin selectivity and acyl group recognition. | Darling JE et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The appetite-inducing peptide, ghrelin, induces intracellular store-mediated rises in calcium in addiction and arousal-related laterodorsal tegmental neurons in mouse brain slices. | Hauberg K et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The effect of ghrelin and estradiol on mean concentration of thyroid hormones. | Kordi F et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The influence of environmental temperature on appetite-related hormonal responses. | Kojima C et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Tissue distribution and developmental changes of ghrelin and GOAT expression in broiler chickens during embryogenesis. | Ma J et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Unacylated ghrelin: a gut-limb connection. | Chakrabarti S | β | 2015 | β |
| Unacylated ghrelin induces oxidative stress resistance in a glucose intolerance and peripheral artery disease mouse model by restoring endothelial cell miR-126 expression. | Togliatto G et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Acylated and unacylated ghrelin protect MC3T3-E1 cells against tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative injury: pharmacological characterization of ghrelin receptor and possible epigenetic involvement. | Dieci E et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Adipokines in breast milk: an update. | ΓatlΔ± G et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Altered ghrelin levels in boys with autism: a novel finding associated with hormonal dysregulation. | Al-Zaid FS et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Assessment of serum acylated ghrelin in children and adolescents with chronic liver diseases: relation to nutritional status. | Elkabbany ZA et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Brain, liver, and serum salusin-alpha and -beta alterations in Sprague-Dawley rats with or without metabolic syndrome. | Citil C et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Circulating des-acyl ghrelin improves cardiovascular risk prediction in older hypertensive patients. | Yano Y et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Daily supplementation with ghrelin improves in vitro bovine blastocysts formation rate and alters gene expression related to embryo quality. | Dovolou E et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Decreased serum nesfatin-1 levels in endometriosis. | ΕengΓΌl Γ et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Desacyl ghrelin prevents doxorubicin-induced myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis via the GHSR-independent pathway. | Pei XM et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Determinants of GH resistance in malnutrition. | Fazeli PK et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Diabetic gastroparesis: functional/morphologic background, diagnosis, and treatment options. | HorvΓ‘th VJ et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Estrogen Deficiency and the Origin of Obesity during Menopause. | Lizcano F et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Fasting and meal-suppressed ghrelin levels before and after intragastric balloons and balloon-induced weight loss. | Mathus-Vliegen EM et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Gastric microbiome and gastric cancer. | Brawner KM et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Gender differences in ghrelin association with cardiometabolic risk factors in arab population. | Abu-Farha M et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Gestational methyl donor deficiency alters key proteins involved in neurosteroidogenesis in the olfactory bulbs of newborn female rats and is associated with impaired olfactory performance. | El Hajj Chehadeh S et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin accelerates synapse formation and activity development in cultured cortical networks. | Stoyanova II et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin inhibit aromatase expression and activity in human adipose stromal cells: suppression of cAMP as a possible mechanism. | Docanto MM et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin and motilin receptor agonists: time to introduce bias into drug design. | Sanger GJ | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin as a treatment for cardiovascular diseases. | Mao Y et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin-Derived Peptides: A Link between Appetite/Reward, GH Axis, and Psychiatric Disorders? | Labarthe A et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin: ghrelin as a regulatory Peptide in growth hormone secretion. | Khatib N et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin increases lymphocytes in chronic normobaric hypoxia. | Mirzaie Bavil F et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin-induced hypophagia is mediated by the Ξ²2 adrenergic receptor in chicken. | Zendehdel M et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin levels in chronic periodontitis patients. | YΔ±lmaz G et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin modulates the fMRI BOLD response of homeostatic and hedonic brain centers regulating energy balance in the rat. | SΓ‘rvΓ‘ri M et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin protects rats against traumatic brain injury and hemorrhagic shock through upregulation of UCP2. | Qi L et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin receptor modulators: a patent review (2011 - 2014). | Costantino L et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin receptors in human gastrointestinal tract during prenatal and early postnatal development. | MitroviΔ O et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Ghrelin stimulates proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural progenitors from the subventricular zone in the adult mice. | Li E et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| G Protein and Ξ²-arrestin signaling bias at the ghrelin receptor. | Evron T et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Identification, tissue distribution and functional characterization of the ghrelin receptor in West African lungfish, Protopterus annectens. | Kaiya H et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Induced ablation of ghrelin cells in adult mice does not decrease food intake, body weight, or response to high-fat diet. | McFarlane MR et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Isolated growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in childhood and adolescence: recent advances. | Alatzoglou KS et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Leptin and ghrelin levels in colostrum, milk and blood plasma of sows and pig neonates during the first week of lactation. | WoliΕski J et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Low postprandial circulating inactive ghrelin: role of early satiety in undernourished children. | Najib K et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Measurement of nonsulfated cholecystokinins. | Agersnap M et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Molecular evolution of GPCRs: Ghrelin/ghrelin receptors. | Kaiya H et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| New cancer cachexia rat model generated by implantation of a peritoneal dissemination-derived human stomach cancer cell line. | Terawaki K et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Novel and conventional receptors for ghrelin, desacyl-ghrelin, and pharmacologically related compounds. | Callaghan B et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Nutritional models of foetal programming and nutrigenomic and epigenomic dysregulations of fatty acid metabolism in the liver and heart. | GuΓ©ant JL et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Obesity-related gene ADRB2, ADRB3 and GHRL polymorphisms and the response to a weight loss diet intervention in adult women. | Saliba LF et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Obesity vaccines. | Monteiro MP | β | 2014 | β |
| Orally administered Ξ΄ opioid agonist peptide rubiscolin-6 stimulates food intake in aged mice with ghrelin resistance. | Miyazaki Y et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Overdominance effect of the bovine ghrelin receptor (GHSR1a)-DelR242 locus on growth in Japanese Shorthorn weaner bulls: heterozygote advantage in bull selection and molecular mechanisms. | Komatsu M et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Pathophysiogenesis of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: is prevention of damage antiepileptogenic? | Curia G et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Physiological roles of ghrelin on obesity. | Sato T et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Polymersomes conjugated with des-octanoyl ghrelin for the delivery of therapeutic and imaging agents into brain tissues. | Chen YC et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Possible synergism of physical exercise and ghrelin-agonists in patients with cachexia associated with chronic heart failure. | Invernizzi M et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Preclinical gastrointestinal prokinetic efficacy and endocrine effects of the ghrelin mimetic RM-131. | Van der Ploeg L et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Prognostic value of plasma ghrelin in predicting the outcome of patients with chronic heart failure. | Chen Y et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Quantification of ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin in human plasma by using cubic-selected reaction-monitoring LCMS. | SidibΓ© J et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Relation between circulating levels of GH, IGF-1, ghrelin and somatic growth in Rett syndrome. | Hara M et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Rikkunshito, a ghrelin potentiator, ameliorates anorexia-cachexia syndrome. | Fujitsuka N et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Role of calcium and EPAC in norepinephrine-induced ghrelin secretion. | Mani BK et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Role of ghrelin in fertilization, early embryo development, and implantation periods. | Luque EM et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Salusin-alpha and -beta expression in heart and aorta with and without metabolic syndrome. | Aydin S et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Schizothorax davidi ghrelin: cDNA cloning, tissue distribution and indication for its stimulatory character in food intake. | Zhou C et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Serum, urine, and saliva levels of ghrelin and obestatin pre- and post-treatment in pediatric epilepsy. | Taskin E et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Stimulatory effect of ghrelin on food intake in bullfrog larvae. | Shimizu S et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Synchronizing an aging brain: can entraining circadian clocks by food slow Alzheimer's disease? | Kent BA | β | 2014 | β |
| Systematic review of ghrelin response to food intake in pediatric age, from neonates to adolescents. | Prodam F et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Teaghrelins, unique acylated flavonoid tetraglycosides in Chin-shin oolong tea, are putative oral agonists of the ghrelin receptor. | Lo YH et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| The alliance of mesenchymal stem cells, bone, and diabetes. | Napoli N et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| The central nervous system sites mediating the orexigenic actions of ghrelin. | Mason BL et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| The interaction between ghrelin and cannabinoid systems in penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in rats. | Arslan G et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| The role of ghrelin in weight-regulation disorders: implications in clinical practice. | Solomou S et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| The role of hypothalamic estrogen receptors in metabolic regulation. | Frank A et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Triazole GHS-R1a antagonists JMV4208 and JMV3002 attenuate food intake, body weight, and adipose tissue mass in mice. | HolubovΓ‘ M et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Acylated and desacylated ghrelin, preptin, leptin, and nesfatin-1 Peptide changes related to the body mass index. | Ozkan Y et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Acylated ghrelin protects hippocampal neurons in pilocarpine-induced seizures of immature rats by inhibiting cell apoptosis. | Zhang R et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| A fluorescent peptide substrate facilitates investigation of ghrelin recognition and acylation by ghrelin O-acyltransferase. | Darling JE et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Age-dependent reduction of ghrelin- and motilin-induced contractile activity in the chicken gastrointestinal tract. | Kitazawa T et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Analysis of brain nuclei accessible to ghrelin present in the cerebrospinal fluid. | Cabral A et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| An overview of the diverse roles of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the pathophysiology of various human diseases. | Heng BC et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Association between epicardial fat thickness and weight homeostasis hormones in patients with noncachectic heart failure. | Karayannis G et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Association of plasma des-acyl ghrelin levels with CKD. | Gupta RK et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Author's reply: To PMID 23296465. | OruΓ§ AS | β | 2013 | β |
| Beneficial association of serum ghrelin and peptide YY with bone mineral density in the Newfoundland population. | Amini P et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Changes in Subcellular Distribution of n-Octanoyl or n-Decanoyl Ghrelin in Ghrelin-Producing Cells. | Nishi Y et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Changes in the ghrelin hormone pathway maybe part of an unusual gastric system in monotremes. | He C et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Comparison of postprandial profiles of ghrelin, active GLP-1, and total PYY to meals varying in fat and carbohydrate and their association with hunger and the phases of satiety. | Gibbons C et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Conformation propensities of des-acyl-ghrelin as probed by CD and NMR. | De Ricco R et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Different ghrelin localisation in adult human and rat endocrine pancreas. | Raghay K et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Differential modulation of ghrelin-induced GH and LH release by PACAP and dopamine in goldfish pituitary cells. | Grey CL et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on serum ghrelin and obestatin levels. | Ulasoglu C et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Effects of ghrelin treatment on exercise capacity in underweight COPD patients: a substudy of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ghrelin treatment. | Miki K et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Epicardial fat thickness in heart failure and other clinical conditions. | Whayne TF | β | 2013 | β |
| Evaluation of immunohistochemical expression of ghrelin-producing rectal cells in Wistar rats receiving the cafeteria diet. | Lyra HF et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Exercise and ghrelin. A narrative overview of research. | King JA et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Expression of ghrelin and GHSR-1a in mammary glands of dairy goat during the lactation and the effects of gherlin on regulation of mammary function in vitro. | Zhang W et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Expression of the ghrelin receptor gene in neurons of the medulla oblongata of the rat. | Bron R et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Fasting of mice: a review. | Jensen TL et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Folate and fetal programming: a play in epigenomics? | GuΓ©ant JL et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Fuzi-Lizhong pill compensates hypothyroid-hypothermia via ghrelin release. | Zhao X et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| GABAB Receptor Blockade Prevents Antiepileptic Action of Ghrelin in the Rat Hippocampus. | Ataie Z et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Genetic variants associated with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis C Egyptian patients. | Motawi TK et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Genetic variation of the ghrelin signalling system in individuals with amphetamine dependence. | Suchankova P et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin and eating disorders. | Atalayer D et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin attenuates intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice by activating the mTOR signaling pathway. | Zhang H et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin: central and peripheral implications in anorexia nervosa. | MΓ©quinion M et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin Does not Alter Aortic Intima-Media Thickness and Adipose Tissue Characteristics in Control and Obese Mice. | Tahergorabi Z et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin-induced hippocampal neurogenesis and enhancement of cognitive function are mediated independently of GH/IGF-1 axis: lessons from the spontaneous dwarf rats. | Li E et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin induces apoptosis in colon adenocarcinoma cells via proteasome inhibition and autophagy induction. | Bonfili L et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin induces gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through GHS-R/NF-ΞΊB signaling pathway. | Tian C et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin inhibits ovarian epithelial carcinoma cell proliferation in vitro. | Xu Y et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin in ocular pathophysiology: from the anterior to the posterior segment. | Azevedo-Pinto S et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin-leptin network influences serum chitinase 3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) levels in obese prepubertal children. | Kyrgios I et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin: much more than a hunger hormone. | Pradhan G et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin, neuropeptide Y, and other feeding-regulatory peptides active in the hippocampus: role in learning and memory. | Beck B et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelin receptor regulates HFCS-induced adipose inflammation and insulin resistance. | Ma X et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Ghrelins, obestatin, nesfatin-1 and leptin levels in pregnant women with and without hyperemesis gravidarum. | Gungor S et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Growth hormone-releasing hormone stimulates GH release while inhibiting ghrelin- and sGnRH-induced LH release from goldfish pituitary cells. | Grey CL et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Identification and characterization of a motilin-like peptide and its receptor in teleost. | Liu Y et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Identification, tissue distribution and regulation of preproghrelin in the brain and gut of Schizothorax prenanti. | Wei R et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Immunization against active ghrelin using virus-like particles for obesity treatment. | Andrade S et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Impact of ghrelin on vitreous cytokine levels in an experimental uveitis model. | Turgut B et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Intravenous injection of urocortin 1 induces a CRF2 mediated increase in circulating ghrelin and glucose levels through distinct mechanisms in rats. | Wang L et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Involvements of the lateral hypothalamic area in gastric motility and its regulation by the lateral septum. | Gong Y et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Localization of ghrelin and its receptor in the reproductive tract of Holstein heifers. | Deaver SE et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Multiple signaling pathways mediate ghrelin-induced proliferation of hippocampal neural stem cells. | Chung H et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| NPY Receptors Blockade Prevents Anticonvulsant Action of Ghrelin in the Hippocampus of Rat. | Ghahramanian Golzar M et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Obesity: a somatotrope perspective. | Ellsworth BS | β | 2013 | β |
| Oral 'hydrogen water' induces neuroprotective ghrelin secretion in mice. | Matsumoto A et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Postprandial peptide YY is lower in young college-aged women with high dietary cognitive restraint. | Scheid JL et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Preproghrelin gene polymorphisms in obese Japanese women. Minor homozygotes are light eaters, do not prefer protein or fat, and apparently have a poor appetite. | Takezawa J et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Presence of adropin, nesfatin-1, apelin-12, ghrelins and salusins peptides in the milk, cheese whey and plasma of dairy cows. | Aydin S | β | 2013 | β |
| Protective but not anticonvulsant effects of ghrelin and JMV-1843 in the pilocarpine model of Status epilepticus. | Lucchi C et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Semagacestat, a Ξ³-secretase inhibitor, activates the growth hormone secretagogue (GHS-R1a) receptor. | Schellekens H et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Silencing of ghrelin receptor expression inhibits endometrial cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. | Fung JN et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Sleeve gastrectomy and gastric plication in the rat result in weight loss with different endocrine profiles. | GuimarΓ£es M et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Small molecule inhibitors of CXCR4. | Debnath B et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The comparison of the impact of ghrelin and tacrolimus on vitreous cytokine levels in an experimental uveitis model. | GΓΌl FC et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The effects of diet- and diet plus exercise-induced weight loss on basal metabolic rate and acylated ghrelin in grade 1 obese subjects. | Lopes AL et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The ghrelin activating enzyme ghrelin-O-acyltransferase (GOAT) is present in human plasma and expressed dependent on body mass index. | Goebel-Stengel M et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The regulation of food intake by the gut-brain axis: implications for obesity. | Hussain SS et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The role of ghrelin in anorexia-cachexia syndromes. | Guillory B et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The role of ghrelin in neuroprotection after ischemic brain injury. | Spencer SJ et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The role of "mixed" orexigenic and anorexigenic signals and autoantibodies reacting with appetite-regulating neuropeptides and peptides of the adipose tissue-gut-brain axis: relevance to food intake and nutritional status in patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. | Smitka K et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Activation of somatostatin 2 receptors in the brain and the periphery induces opposite changes in circulating ghrelin levels: functional implications. | Stengel A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Acute ghrelin administration reverses depressive-like behavior induced by bilateral olfactory bulbectomy in mice. | Carlini VP et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Acylated/unacylated ghrelin ratio in cord blood: correlation with anthropometric and metabolic parameters and pediatric lifespan comparison. | Bellone S et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Age-related changes in gene expression of the growth hormone secretagogue and growth hormone-releasing hormone receptors in Holstein-Friesian cattle. | Komatsu M et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Analytical performance of commercially-available assays for feline insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), adiponectin and ghrelin measurements. | Tvarijonaviciute A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Attenuation of cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization in rats sustaining genetic or pharmacologic antagonism of ghrelin receptors. | Clifford PS et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Brain reinforcement system function is ghrelin dependent: studies in the rat using pharmacological fMRI and intracranial self-stimulation. | Wellman PJ et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Chronic renal failure impacts the expression of ghrelin and its receptor in hypothalamus and hippocampus. | Fu RG et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Comparison of markers of appetite and inflammation between hemodialysis patients with and without failed renal transplants. | Caliskan Y et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Concomitant release of ventral tegmental acetylcholine and accumbal dopamine by ghrelin in rats. | Jerlhag E et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Correlations of macronutrient-induced functional magnetic resonance imaging signal changes in human brain and gut hormone responses. | Li J et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Current and emerging concepts on the role of peripheral signals in the control of food intake and development of obesity. | Duca FA et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Disrupted regulation of ghrelin production under antihypertensive treatment in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | Hamada N et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Distribution and morphology of ghrelin-immunopositive cells in the cerebellum of the African ostrich. | Wang JX et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Distribution of ghrelin-producing cells in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs at different ages. | Vitari F et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Effect of Acute Surgical Stress on Serum Ghrelin Levels. | Kontoravdis N et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Effect of Arginine Infusion on Ghrelin Secretion in Growth Hormone Sufficient and GH Deficient Children. | Prodam F et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Effect of interaction between testosterone and morphine on serum ghrelin concentration in sheep fed on different dietary energy levels. | Jafaripour D et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Effects of ghrelin on homocysteine-induced dysfunction and inflammatory response in rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells. | Wang D et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Enzymatic characterization of GOAT, ghrelin O-acyltransferase. | Ohgusu H et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Exploring metabolic dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. | Slee AD | β | 2012 | β |
| Expression of ghrelin and its receptors in ovarian endometrioma. | Milewski L et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Gastric peptides and their regulation of hunger and satiety. | Stengel A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin and cardiovascular diseases. | Kishimoto I et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin and its promoter variant associated with cardiac hypertrophy. | Ukkola O et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin and PYY levels in adolescents with severe obesity: effects of weight loss induced by long-term exercise training and modified food habits. | Gueugnon C et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin and the central regulation of feeding and energy balance. | Abizaid A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin: an emerging new anticonvulsant neuropeptide. | Portelli J et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin - a pleiotropic hormone secreted from endocrine x/a-like cells of the stomach. | Stengel A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin attenuates brain injury after traumatic brain injury and uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in rats. | Qi L et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin contributes to derangements of glucose metabolism induced by rapamycin in mice. | Xu G et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin immunoexpression in the human hypophysis. | Rotondo F et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin modulates baroreflex-regulation of sympathetic vasomotor tone in healthy humans. | Krapalis AF et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin promotes the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells in infarcted cardiac microenvironment. | Gao M et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin protects spinal cord motoneurons against chronic glutamate excitotoxicity by inhibiting microglial activation. | Lee S et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin signalling and obesity: at the interface of stress, mood and food reward. | Schellekens H et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ghrelin suppression and fat loss after left gastric artery embolization in canine model. | Bawudun D et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Identification of ghrelin receptor blocker, D-[Lys3] GHRP-6 as a CXCR4 receptor antagonist. | Patel K et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Impact of immune-metabolic interactions on age-related thymic demise and T cell senescence. | Dixit VD | β | 2012 | β |
| Influence of acupuncture on leptin, ghrelin, insulin and cholecystokinin in obese women: a randomised, sham-controlled preliminary trial. | GΓΌΓ§el F et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| In vitro selection of a peptide antagonist of growth hormone secretagogue receptor using cDNA display. | Ueno S et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in 108 obese children and adolescents aged 5 to 21 years. | Alqahtani AR et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Low-dose ghrelin infusion--evidence against a hormonal role in food intake. | Lippl F et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Neuroendocrine control of metabolism. | Kuliczkowska-Plaksej J et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Oligoclonal antibody targeting ghrelin increases energy expenditure and reduces food intake in fasted mice. | Zakhari JS et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Peripheral signalling involved in energy homeostasis control. | Lancha A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Pharmacological characterization of the ghrelin receptor mediating its inhibitory action on inflammatory pain in rats. | Sibilia V et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Polymorphisms in an obesity-related gene (PCSK1) are associated with fat deposition and production traits in Italian heavy pigs. | Fontanesi L et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Profound hypoglycemia in starved, ghrelin-deficient mice is caused by decreased gluconeogenesis and reversed by lactate or fatty acids. | Li RL et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Rikkunshito as a ghrelin enhancer. | Takeda H et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Role of SST, CORT and ghrelin and its receptors at the endocrine pancreas. | ChanclΓ³n B et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Sarcopenia and age-related endocrine function. | Sakuma K et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Sarcopenia and cachexia: the adaptations of negative regulators of skeletal muscle mass. | Sakuma K et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Scientific side trips: six excursions from the beaten path. | Brown MS et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Serum ghrelin levels and the effects of antidepressants in major depressive disorder and panic disorder. | Ishitobi Y et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Serum level of ghrelin in umbilical cord in small and appropriate for gestational age newborn infants and its relationship to anthropometric measures. | Abdel Hakeem AH et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Structure, regulation and function of ghrelin. | Sato T et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Sulfated cholecystokinin-8 increases ghrelin secretion but does not affect oxyntomodulin in Holstein steers. | Yannaing S et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of indolinone derivatives as novel ghrelin receptor antagonists. | Puleo L et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The antimicrobial activity of the appetite peptide hormone ghrelin. | Min C et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The effect of passive immunization against ghrelin on feed and water intake in turkeys. | Vizcarra JA et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The ghrelin axis--does it have an appetite for cancer progression? | Chopin LK et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The GHS-R blocker D-[Lys3] GHRP-6 serves as CCR5 chemokine receptor antagonist. | Patel K et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The relationship between ghrelin and adiponectin levels in breast milk and infant serum and growth of infants during early postnatal life. | Cesur G et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The role of GABAergic system on the inhibitory effect of ghrelin on food intake in neonatal chicks. | Jonaidi H et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The role of ghrelin in reward-based eating. | PerellΓ³ M et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The study of ghrelin deacylation enzymes. | Satou M et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Underlying mechanism of aconitum lizhong acting on experimental hypothermia with indigestion in rats: role of ghrelin. | Zhao X et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Uremic anorexia and ghrelin expression in the amygdala. | Fu RG et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Validation of two ELISA assays for total ghrelin measurement in dogs. | Tvarijonaviciute A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Yin and Yang - the Gastric X/A-like Cell as Possible Dual Regulator of Food Intake. | Stengel A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Ablation of ghrelin receptor reduces adiposity and improves insulin sensitivity during aging by regulating fat metabolism in white and brown adipose tissues. | Lin L et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ablations of ghrelin and ghrelin receptor exhibit differential metabolic phenotypes and thermogenic capacity during aging. | Ma X et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Adipocytokines, gut hormones and growth factors in anorexia nervosa. | Kowalska I et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Analysis of expression and structure of the rat GH-secretagogue/ghrelin receptor (Ghsr) gene: roles of epigenetic modifications in transcriptional regulation. | Inoue H et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Assay of ghrelin concentration in infant formulas and breast milk. | Savino F et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Beneficial effects of desacyl-ghrelin, hexarelin and EP-80317 in models of status epilepticus. | Biagini G et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Beyond the metabolic role of ghrelin: a new player in the regulation of reproductive function. | Muccioli G et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Breastmilk ghrelin, leptin, and fat levels changing foremilk to hindmilk: is that important for self-control of feeding? | Karatas Z et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| cDNA cloning of ghrelin and ontogeny of ghrelin mRNA expression in the gastrointestinal tract of African ostrich chicks. | Wang JX et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Central and peripheral effects of ghrelin on energy balance, food intake and lipid metabolism in teleost fish. | Kang KS et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Differential involvement of protein kinase C and protein kinase A in ghrelin-induced growth hormone and gonadotrophin release from goldfish (Carassius auratus) pituitary cells. | Grey CL et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Does the pituitary somatotrope play a primary role in regulating GH output in metabolic extremes? | Luque RM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Effect of desacyl ghrelin, obestatin and related peptides on triglyceride storage, metabolism and GHSR signaling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. | Miegueu P et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Effect of ghrelin on bone mass density: the InChianti study. | Napoli N et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Effects of Acute Recombinant Human TSH on Serum Ghrelin Levels. | Ciuoli C et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Endocrine impact of Helicobacter pylori: focus on ghrelin and ghrelin o-acyltransferase. | Jeffery PL et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Exogenous ghrelin improves blood flow distribution in pulmonary hypertension-assessed using synchrotron radiation microangiography. | Schwenke DO et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Expression and possible immune-regulatory function of ghrelin in oral epithelium. | Ohta K et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Factors associated with plasma ghrelin level in Japanese general population. | Nanjo Y et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Gastric mammalian target of rapamycin signaling, hormone production and energy metabolism. | Xu GY et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Gene expression profiles of the spleen, liver, and head kidney in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) along the infection process with Aeromonas salmonicida using an immune-enriched oligo-microarray. | MillΓ‘n A et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Genetic selection for body weight in chickens has altered responses of the brain's AMPK system to food intake regulation effect of ghrelin, but not obestatin. | Xu P et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Genetic studies on the ghrelin, growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) and ghrelin O-acyl transferase (GOAT) genes. | Liu B et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin acylation and metabolic control. | Al Massadi O et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin and cancer. | Chopin L et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin as a target for gastrointestinal motility disorders. | Greenwood-Van Meerveld B et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin-attenuated cognitive dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. | Ma LY et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin but not peptide YY is related to change in body weight and energy availability. | Scheid JL et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin gene polymorphisms in rheumatoid arthritis. | Ozgen M et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin in cardiovascular disease and atherogenesis. | Isgaard J et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin inhibits insulin resistance induced by glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity in cardiomyocyte. | Cao C et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin in obesity and endocrine diseases. | Scerif M et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin, insulin and pancreatic activity in the peri-weaning period of goat kids. | Magistrelli D et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. | Ukkola O | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin levels are reduced in Rett syndrome patients with eating difficulties. | Hara M et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin modulates physiologic and pathologic retinal angiogenesis through GHSR-1a. | Zaniolo K et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin prevents neuronal apoptosis and cognitive impairments in sepsis-associated encephalopathy. | Wang G et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin Protects against the Detrimental Consequences of Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Akt Inactivation through S-Nitrosylation on Salivary Mucin Synthesis. | Slomiany BL et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin protects spinal cord motoneurons against chronic glutamate-induced excitotoxicity via ERK1/2 and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3Ξ² pathways. | Lim E et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin receptor antagonism attenuates nicotine-induced locomotor stimulation, accumbal dopamine release and conditioned place preference in mice. | Jerlhag E et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin Receptor in Two Species of Anuran Amphibian, Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana), and Japanese Tree Frog (Hyla japonica). | Kaiya H et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Ghrelin receptors are expressed by distal tubules of the mouse kidney. | Venables G et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| GSK1614343, a novel ghrelin receptor antagonist, produces an unexpected increase of food intake and body weight in rodents and dogs. | Costantini VJ et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Identification and functional analysis of novel human growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) gene mutations in Japanese subjects with short stature. | Inoue H et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Immunohistochemical and quantitative analysis of ghrelin in Syzygium aromaticum. | Aydin S et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Immunolocalization of ghrelin in the stomach of Sprague-Dawley rat. | Li J et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Impact of food restriction and cocaine on locomotion in ghrelin- and ghrelin-receptor knockout mice. | Clifford S et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Interaction between gastric and upper small intestinal hormones in the regulation of hunger and satiety: ghrelin and cholecystokinin take the central stage. | Stengel A et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Involvement of adenosine signaling in controlling the release of ghrelin from the mouse stomach. | Yang GK et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Long-term plasma ghrelin and leptin modulation after sleeve gastrectomy in Wistar rats in comparison with gastric tissue ghrelin expression. | Patrikakos P et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Maternal ghrelin deficiency compromises reproduction in female progeny through altered uterine developmental programming. | Martin JR et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Metabolomic linkage reveals functional interaction between glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and ghrelin in humans. | Rudovich NN et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Molecular cloning and expression analysis of porcine ghrelin o-acyltransferase. | Lin T et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Molecular identification of ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a) and its functional role in the gastrointestinal tract of the guinea-pig. | Kitazawa T et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Neuroprotective actions of ghrelin and growth hormone secretagogues. | Frago LM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Occurrence of ghrelin-producing cells, the ghrelin receptor and Na+,K + -ATPase in tissues of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) during early development. | EinarsdΓ³ttir IE et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Pharmacologic antagonism of ghrelin receptors attenuates development of nicotine induced locomotor sensitization in rats. | Wellman PJ et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Physiological roles of preproghrelin-derived peptides in GH secretion and feeding. | Zizzari P et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Plasma levels of n-decanoyl ghrelin, another acyl- and active-form of ghrelin, in human subjects and the effect of glucose- or meal-ingestion on its dynamics. | Yoh J et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Post-translational myristoylation: Fat matters in cellular life and death. | Martin DD et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Protective role of ghrelin against carbon tetrachloride (CClβ)-induced coagulation disturbances in rats. | ArΔ±cΔ± OF et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Protein palmitoylation and subcellular trafficking. | Aicart-Ramos C et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Recent advances in the phylogenetic study of ghrelin. | Kaiya H et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Receptors and effects of gut hormones in three osteoblastic cell lines. | Pacheco-Pantoja EL et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Sleep difficulties and obesity among preadolescents. | Liu J et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Stress-related alterations of acyl and desacyl ghrelin circulating levels: mechanisms and functional implications. | Stengel A et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Structures and molecular forms of the ghrelin-family peptides. | Nishi Y et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The acute effects of swimming on appetite, food intake, and plasma acylated ghrelin. | King JA et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The effect of central injection of ghrelin and bombesin on mean plasma thyroid hormones concentration. | Mahmoudi F et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The effect of Helicobacter pylori and economic status on growth parameters and leptin, ghrelin, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I concentrations in children. | Ozen A et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The effects of DL-AP5 and glutamate on ghrelin-induced feeding behavior in 3-h food-deprived broiler cockerels. | Taati M et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The effects of ghrelin on inflammation and the immune system. | Baatar D et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The extra-hypothalamic actions of ghrelin on neuronal function. | Andrews ZB | β | 2011 | β |
| Therapeutic applications of ghrelin to cachexia utilizing its appetite-stimulating effect. | Akamizu T et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The role of C-terminal part of ghrelin in pharmacokinetic profile and biological activity in rats. | Morozumi N et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Time-dependent changes in the serum levels of prolactin, nesfatin-1 and ghrelin as a marker of epileptic attacks young male patients. | Aydin S et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Understanding the functional significance of ghrelin processing and degradation. | Satou M et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Voluntary exercise attenuates obesity-associated inflammation through ghrelin expressed in macrophages. | Kizaki T et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Zebrafish in endocrine systems: recent advances and implications for human disease. | LΓΆhr H et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Acylated and unacylated ghrelin binding to membranes and to ghrelin receptor: towards a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. | Staes E et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Age-associated changes of appetite-regulating peptides. | Akimoto S et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Allosteric ligands for G protein-coupled receptors: a novel strategy with attractive therapeutic opportunities. | De Amici M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Alteration in chromogranin A, obestatin and total ghrelin levels of saliva and serum in epilepsy cases. | Dag E et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Altered fasting and postprandial plasma ghrelin levels in patients with liver failure are normalized after liver transplantation. | Diz-Lois MT et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association of ghrelin and leptin with reproductive hormones in constitutional delay of growth and puberty. | El-Eshmawy MM et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Biochemical polymorphism of the growth hormone system proteins and its manifestations in human prostate cells. | Shishkin SS et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Brief, high intensity exercise alters serum ghrelin and growth hormone concentrations but not IGF-I, IGF-II or IGF-I bioactivity. | Stokes KA et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| cat-ELCCA: a robust method to monitor the fatty acid acyltransferase activity of ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT). | Garner AL et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| cDNA cloning and expression of ghrelin in giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). | Xu Q et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Central effects of estradiol in the regulation of food intake, body weight, and adiposity. | Brown LM et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Comparison of competitive radioimmunoassays and two-site sandwich assays for the measurement and interpretation of plasma ghrelin levels. | Prudom C et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Differential distribution of ghrelin-O-acyltransferase (GOAT) immunoreactive cells in the mouse and rat gastric oxyntic mucosa. | Stengel A et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Dynamics of placental ghrelin production and its receptor expression in a Dahl salt-sensitive rat model of intrauterine growth restriction. | Nonoshita A et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Effects of feeding pattern on ghrelin and insulin secretion in pigs. | Reynolds CB et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Endocrine role of stomach in appetite regulation in chronic kidney disease: about ghrelin and obestatin. | Mafra D et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Eradication of Helicobacter pylori increases ghrelin mRNA expression in the gastric mucosa. | Lee ES et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Exogenous ghrelin regulates proliferation and apoptosis in the hypotrophic gut mucosa of the rat. | de Segura IA et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Fat-free milk as a therapeutic approach for constipation and the effect on serum motilin and ghrelin levels. | Aydin S et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Genetic causes and treatment of isolated growth hormone deficiency-an update. | Alatzoglou KS et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| GH-releasing peptide-2 does not stimulate arginine vasopressin secretion in healthy men. | Kamoi K et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin affects carbohydrate-glycogen metabolism via insulin inhibition and glucagon stimulation in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain. | Cruz SA et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin and cardiovascular diseases. | Zhang G et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin and memory: differential effects on acquisition and retrieval. | Carlini VP et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin: an emerging player in the regulation of reproduction in non-mammalian vertebrates. | Unniappan S | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin: a potential therapeutic target for cancer. | Nikolopoulos D et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin as a novel therapy for radiation combined injury. | Jacob A et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin attenuates hepatocellular injury and liver fibrogenesis in rodents and influences fibrosis progression in humans. | Moreno M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin decreases food intake in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) through the central anorexigenic corticotropin-releasing factor system. | JΓΆnsson E et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin decreases microvascular leak during inflammation. | Kwan RO et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and nesfatin-1 in gastric X/A-like cells: role as regulators of food intake and body weight. | Stengel A et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin for cachexia. | Akamizu T et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin: from gene to physiological function. | Kojima M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin gene-related peptides: multifunctional endocrine / autocrine modulators in health and disease. | Seim I et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin in chronic kidney disease. | Cheung WW et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin induced memory facilitation implicates nitric oxide synthase activation and decrease in the threshold to promote LTP in hippocampal dentate gyrus. | Carlini VP et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin in female and male reproduction. | Dupont J et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin in the human myometrium. | O'Brien M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin in the regulation of body weight and metabolism. | CastaΓ±eda TR et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin-liposome interactions: characterization of liposomal formulations of an acylated 28-amino acid peptide using CE. | Γstergaard J et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin: more than endogenous growth hormone secretagogue. | Kojima M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) is essential for growth hormone-mediated survival of calorie-restricted mice. | Zhao TJ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin promotes antioxidant enzyme activity and reduces lipid peroxidation in the rat ovary. | Kheradmand A et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin receptor: high constitutive activity and methods for developing inverse agonists. | Els S et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin secretion stimulated by {beta}1-adrenergic receptors in cultured ghrelinoma cells and in fasted mice. | Zhao TJ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ghrelin stimulates gastric motility of the guinea pig through activation of a capsaicin-sensitive neural pathway: in vivo and in vitro functional studies. | Nakamura T et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| GOAT: the master switch for the ghrelin system? | Romero A et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Growth hormone and ghrelin secretion are associated with clinical severity in Huntington's disease. | Aziz NA et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Growth hormone secretagogues reduce transient outward K+ current via phospholipase C/protein kinase C signaling pathway in rat ventricular myocytes. | Sun Q et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Hindbrain catecholamine neurons modulate the growth hormone but not the feeding response to ghrelin. | Emanuel AJ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Hypothalamic paraventricular 5-hydroxytryptamine inhibits the effects of ghrelin on eating and energy substrate utilization. | Currie PJ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Impaired postprandial response of active ghrelin and prolonged suppression of hunger sensation in the elderly. | Bauer JM et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Influence of ghrelin gene polymorphisms on hypertension and atherosclerotic disease. | Berthold HK et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Integrating GHS into the Ghrelin System. | Veldhuis JD et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Lean mean fat reducing "ghrelin" machine: hypothalamic ghrelin and ghrelin receptors as therapeutic targets in obesity. | Schellekens H et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Mechanisms of burn-induced impairment in gastric slow waves and emptying in rats. | Sallam HS et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Metabolic regulation of ghrelin O-acyl transferase (GOAT) expression in the mouse hypothalamus, pituitary, and stomach. | Gahete MD et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Methyl donor deficiency affects fetal programming of gastric ghrelin cell organization and function in the rat. | Bossenmeyer-PouriΓ© C et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Modulation of ghrelin O-acyltransferase expression in pancreatic islets. | An W et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Modulation of the constitutive activity of the ghrelin receptor by use of pharmacological tools and mutagenesis. | MokrosiΕski J et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Motilin and ghrelin gene experienced episodic evolution during primitive placental mammal evolution. | He J et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Obestatin and ghrelin interplay in hemodialysis patients. | Mafra D et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Ontogeny of energy homeostatic pathways via neuroendocrine signaling in Atlantic salmon. | Moen AG et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Plasma ghrelin and oxyntomodulin concentrations in lactating dairy cows receiving abomasal soybean oil, corn starch, and casein infusions. | Relling AE et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Possible involvement of ghrelin on pain threshold in obesity. | Guneli E et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Pre- versus postmenopausal age, estradiol, and peptide-secretagogue type determine pulsatile growth hormone secretion in healthy women: studies using submaximal agonist drive and an estrogen clamp. | Hudson SB et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Recombinant adenovirus-mediated expression of GHS-R1a in HEK 293 cells. | Liu L et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Reconstruction-dependent recovery from anorexia and time-related recovery of regulatory ghrelin system in gastrectomized rats. | Koizumi M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Reduction of advanced liver fibrosis by short-term targeted delivery of an angiotensin receptor blocker to hepatic stellate cells in rats. | Moreno M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Regulation of gastric hormones by systemic rapamycin. | Xu G et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Rejuvenation of the aging thymus: growth hormone-mediated and ghrelin-mediated signaling pathways. | Taub DD et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Rikkunshito ameliorates the aging-associated decrease in ghrelin receptor reactivity via phosphodiesterase III inhibition. | Takeda H et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The avian proghrelin system. | Richards MP et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The effect of exercise intensity on plasma and tissue acyl ghrelin concentrations in fasted rats. | Fathi R et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The peptide hormone ghrelin binds to membrane-mimetics via its octanoyl chain and an adjacent phenylalanine. | Grossauer J et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The role of gut hormones in the regulation of body weight and energy homeostasis. | Karra E et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Thymic fatness and approaches to enhance thymopoietic fitness in aging. | Dixit VD | β | 2010 | β |
| Unsaturated fatty acids prevent desensitization of the human growth hormone secretagogue receptor by blocking its internalization. | Delhanty PJ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Validation of a method for the quantitation of ghrelin and unacylated ghrelin by HPLC. | Staes E et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| A homologous salmonid leptin radioimmunoassay indicates elevated plasma leptin levels during fasting of rainbow trout. | Kling P et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Antioxidant enzyme activity and MDA level in the rat testis following chronic administration of ghrelin. | Kheradmand A et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Both ischemic preconditioning and ghrelin administration protect hippocampus from ischemia/reperfusion and upregulate uncoupling protein-2. | Liu Y et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Breast milk hormones and their protective effect on obesity. | Savino F et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Can hormones contained in mothers' milk account for the beneficial effect of breast-feeding on obesity in children? | Savino F et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Changes in appetite hormone (ghrelin) levels of saliva and serum in acute appendicitis cases before and after operation. | Cetinkaya Z et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Circulating ghrelin exists in both lipoprotein bound and free forms. | Holmes E et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Coadaptation of Helicobacter pylori and humans: ancient history, modern implications. | Atherton JC et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Cognitive enhancing effects of ghrelin receptor agonists. | Atcha Z et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Current knowledge of the roles of ghrelin in regulating food intake and energy balance in birds. | Kaiya H et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Deficient ghrelin receptor-mediated signaling compromises thymic stromal cell microenvironment by accelerating thymic adiposity. | Youm YH et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Determinants of GH-releasing hormone and GH-releasing peptide synergy in men. | Veldhuis JD et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Distribution and developmental changes in ghrelin-immunopositive cells in the gastrointestinal tract of African ostrich chicks. | Wang JX et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Distribution of ghrelin peptide in the gastrointestinal tract of stomachless and stomach-containing teleosts. | Arcamone N et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Disturbance of circulating ghrelin and obestatin in chronic heart failure patients especially in those with cachexia. | Xin X et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Early onset of ghrelin production in a marsupial. | Menzies BR et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Effect of the ghrelin receptor agonist TZP-101 on colonic transit in a rat model of postoperative ileus. | Fraser GL et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Elevated ghrelin levels in the peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis: associations with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inflammatory cytokines. | Dziunycz P et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Enzymatic characterization of a human acyltransferase activity. | Ozawa A et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Expression of obestatin and ghrelin in papillary thyroid carcinoma. | Karaoglu A et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Expression, regulation and biological actions of growth hormone (GH) and ghrelin in the immune system. | Hattori N | β | 2009 | β |
| Fasting and postprandial plasma ghrelin levels are decreased in patients with liver failure previous to liver transplantation. | Diz-Lois MT et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Fasting induces preproghrelin mRNA expression in the brain and gut of zebrafish, Danio rerio. | Amole N et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin: a metabolic signal affecting the reproductive system. | Lorenzi T et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin and dopamine: new insights on the peripheral regulation of appetite. | Abizaid A | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin and the differential regulation of des-acyl (DSG) and oct-anoyl ghrelin (OTG) in human adipose tissue (AT). | Kos K et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin--a novel generation of anti-obesity drug: design, pharmacomodulation and biological activity of ghrelin analogues. | Chollet C et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin antagonized 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced apoptosis in MES23.5 cells. | Dong J et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin expression in normal kidney tissue and renal carcinomas. | Dagli AF et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin fluctuation, what determines its production? | Yin X et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin gene products and the regulation of food intake and gut motility. | Chen CY et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin in central neurons. | Ferrini F et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin-induced growth hormone release from goldfish pituitary cells involves voltage-sensitive calcium channels. | Grey CL et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin inhibits apoptosis induced by high glucose and sodium palmitate in adult rat cardiomyocytes through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. | Kui L et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin is dispensable for embryonic pancreatic islet development and differentiation. | Hill JT et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin-like peptide with fatty acid modification and O-glycosylation in the red stingray, Dasyatis akajei. | Kaiya H et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) has a preference for n-hexanoyl-CoA over n-octanoyl-CoA as an acyl donor. | Ohgusu H et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin, paraoxonase and arylesterase levels in depressive patients before and after citalopram treatment. | Barim AO et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin protects mice against endotoxemia-induced acute kidney injury. | Wang W et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin receptor agonist, GHRP-2, attenuates burn injury-induced MuRF-1 and MAFbx expression and muscle proteolysis in rats. | Sheriff S et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin receptor (GHS-R)-like receptor and its genomic organisation in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. | Kaiya H et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ghrelin receptor modulators and their therapeutic potential. | Costantino L et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Growth hormone secretagogues and growth hormone releasing peptides act as orthosteric super-agonists but not allosteric regulators for activation of the G protein Galpha(o1) by the Ghrelin receptor. | Bennett KA et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Gut hormones and appetite control. | Hameed S et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Hormonal alterations in prepubertal children with iron deficiency. | Kilic N et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Human ghrelin ameliorates organ injury and improves survival after radiation injury combined with severe sepsis. | Shah KG et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Identification and characterization of nesfatin-1 immunoreactivity in endocrine cell types of the rat gastric oxyntic mucosa. | Stengel A et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Immunohistochemical and hybridocytochemical study on ghrelin signalling in the rat seminiferous epithelium. | Εukaszyk A et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Lipid-modified morphogens: functions of fats. | Steinhauer J et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Molecular cloning of growth hormone secretagogue-receptor and effect of quail ghrelin on gastrointestinal motility in Japanese quail. | Kitazawa T et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Morphometrical and intracellular changes in rat ovaries following chronic administration of ghrelin. | Kheradmand A et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Nesfatin-1 and ghrelin levels in serum and saliva of epileptic patients: hormonal changes can have a major effect on seizure disorders. | Aydin S et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Neuroprotective effect of ghrelin in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease by blocking microglial activation. | Moon M et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Neuroprotective effect of ghrelin is associated with decreased expression of prostate apoptosis response-4. | Hwang S et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| No association of the Arg51Gln and Leu72Met polymorphisms of the ghrelin gene and polycystic ovary syndrome. | Wang K et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| No ghrelin response to oral glucose in diabetes mellitus with gastroparesis. | Asai S et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Novel relationships of age, visceral adiposity, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding protein concentrations to growth hormone (GH) releasing-hormone and GH releasing-peptide efficacies in men during experimental hypogonadal clamp. | Veldhuis JD et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Obestatin/ghrelin ratio: a new activity index in inflammatory bowel diseases. | Alexandridis E et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Oral administration of a centrally acting ghrelin receptor agonist to conscious rats triggers defecation. | Shafton AD et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Orexigenic hormone ghrelin ameliorates gut barrier dysfunction in sepsis in rats. | Wu R et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Recessive isolated growth hormone deficiency and mutations in the ghrelin receptor. | Pantel J et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Regional distribution and the dynamics of n-decanoyl ghrelin, another acyl-form of ghrelin, upon fasting in rodents. | Hiejima H et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Regulation of food intake: the gastric X/A-like endocrine cell in the spotlight. | Stengel A et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Relationships of acylated and des-acyl ghrelin levels to bone mineralization in obese children and adolescents. | Pacifico L et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Sequence, genomic organization and expression of two channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, ghrelin receptors. | Small BC et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| [Study of the relationship between adiponectin, interleukin-18, ghrelin and bone mineral density in morbidly obese women after gastric bypass]. | Vilarrasa N et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Systemic administration of ghrelin increases extracellular dopamine in the shell but not the core subdivision of the nucleus accumbens. | Quarta D et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Targeting the ghrelin receptor to regulate food intake. | Depoortere I | β | 2009 | β |
| The effects of ghrelin on the in vitro spontaneous and sGnRH-A stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) release from the pituitary cells of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). | SokoΕowska-MikoΕajczyk M et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The essential role of endogenous ghrelin in growth hormone expression during zebrafish adenohypophysis development. | Li X et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The Leu72Met polymorphism of the ghrelin gene is associated with a decreased risk for type 2 diabetes. | Berthold HK et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The rabbit pup, a natural model of nursing-anticipatory activity. | Caba M et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The RAPID method for blood processing yields new insight in plasma concentrations and molecular forms of circulating gut peptides. | Stengel A et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The role of ghrelin on the morphometry and intracellular changes in the rat testis. | Kheradmand A et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The role of nitric oxide in the inhibitory effect of ghrelin against penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in rat. | Aslan A et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Time-dependent changes in ghrelin-immunoreactivity in dissociated neuronal cultures of the newborn rat neocortex. | Stoyanova II et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Absence of effects of short-term fasting on plasma ghrelin and brain expression of ghrelin receptors in the tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. | Riley LG et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Active ghrelin levels across time and associations with leptin and anthropometrics in healthy ache Amerindian women of Paraguay. | Bribiescas RG et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Adipose-immune interactions during obesity and caloric restriction: reciprocal mechanisms regulating immunity and health span. | Dixit VD | β | 2008 | β |
| Autoantibodies against appetite-regulating peptide hormones and neuropeptides: putative modulation by gut microflora. | Fetissov SO et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle regulation by ghrelin. | Leite-Moreira AF et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Catalytic antibody degradation of ghrelin increases whole-body metabolic rate and reduces refeeding in fasting mice. | Mayorov AV et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Central and peripheral neuroendocrine peptides and signalling in appetite regulation: considerations for obesity pharmacotherapy. | Atkinson TJ | β | 2008 | β |
| Central ghrelin gastroprotection involves nitric oxide/prostaglandin cross-talk. | Sibilia V et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Changes of ghrelin and brain natriuretic peptide levels in systemic vascular resistance after cardiopulmonary bypass. | Rahman A et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Decreased memory for novel object recognition in chronically food-restricted mice is reversed by acute ghrelin administration. | Carlini VP et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Do we need gastric acid? | Pohl D et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Effects of intraamygdaloid microinjections of acylated-ghrelin on liquid food intake of rats. | TΓ³th K et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Electroacupuncture in the treatment of obesity. | Wang F et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Estrogen elevates the peak overnight production rate of acylated ghrelin. | Paulo RC et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Estrogen supplementation selectively enhances hypothalamo-pituitary sensitivity to ghrelin in postmenopausal women. | Kok P et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Euglycemic hyperinsulinemia differentially modulates circulating total and acylated-ghrelin in humans. | Weickert MO et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Expression of ghrelin gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma ghrelin concentrations in patients with metabolic syndrome. | Mager U et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Ghrelin: a multifunctional hormone in non-mammalian vertebrates. | Kaiya H et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Ghrelin and cell differentiation. | Xu G et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Ghrelin and feedback systems. | Nonogaki K | β | 2008 | β |
| Ghrelin and leptin concentrations in obsessive-compulsive disorder: commentary. | Aydin S et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Ghrelin and orotic acid increased in subclinical mastitis. | Karatas F et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Ghrelin and prostate cancer. | Lanfranco F et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and obestatin: three pieces of the same puzzle. | Soares JB et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Ghrelin gene polymorphism is associated with depression, but not panic disorder. | Nakashima K et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Ghrelin improves delayed gastrointestinal transit in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. | Qiu WC et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Ghrelin octanoylation mediated by an orphan lipid transferase. | Gutierrez JA et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Ghrelin signalling in guinea-pig femoral artery smooth muscle cells. | Mladenov MI et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Hepatic expression of ghrelin and adiponectin and their receptors in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. | Uribe M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Hormonal and metabolic rhythms associated with the daily scheduled nursing in rabbit pups. | Morgado E et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Hypothalamic and pituitary expression of ghrelin receptor message is increased during lactation. | Abizaid A et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Identification of the acyltransferase that octanoylates ghrelin, an appetite-stimulating peptide hormone. | Yang J et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Inhibition of ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) by octanoylated pentapeptides. | Yang J et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Inter-organ metabolic communication involved in energy homeostasis: potential therapeutic targets for obesity and metabolic syndrome. | Yamada T et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Long-term effects of ghrelin and ghrelin receptor agonists on energy balance in rats. | Strassburg S et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Long-term weight loss observed with olanzapine orally disintegrating tablets in overweight patients with chronic schizophrenia. A 1 year open-label, prospective trial. | Chawla B et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Neuroendocrine and physiological regulation of intake with particular reference to domesticated ruminant animals. | Roche JR et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| New trisubstituted 1,2,4-triazole derivatives as potent ghrelin receptor antagonists. 3. Synthesis and pharmacological in vitro and in vivo evaluations. | Moulin A et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Obestatin induction of early-response gene expression in gastrointestinal and adipose tissues and the mediatory role of G protein-coupled receptor, GPR39. | Zhang JV et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Obestatin is present in saliva: alterations in obestatin and ghrelin levels of saliva and serum in ischemic heart disease. | Ozbay Y et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Obestatin: its physicochemical characteristics and physiological functions. | Tang SQ et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Orexigenic hormone ghrelin attenuates local and remote organ injury after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion. | Wu R et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Presence of obestatin in breast milk: relationship among obestatin, ghrelin, and leptin in lactating women. | Aydin S et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Prokinetic effects of a ghrelin receptor agonist GHRP-6 in diabetic mice. | Zheng Q et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Role of ghrelin axis in colorectal cancer: a novel association. | Waseem T et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Role of the duodenum in regulation of plasma ghrelin levels and body mass index after subtotal gastrectomy. | Wang HT et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Serum ghrelin levels in children with primary protein-energy malnutrition. | Altinkaynak S et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Serum leptin and ghrelin concentrations of maternal serum, arterial and venous cord blood in healthy and preeclamptic pregnant women. | Aydin S et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Simultaneous quantification of acylated and desacylated ghrelin in biological fluids. | Aydin S et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Structure and function of ghrelin. | Kojima M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Structure of mammalian and nonmammalian ghrelins. | Kojima M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Suppression of intestinal mucosal apoptosis by ghrelin in fasting rats. | Park JM et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| The gastrointestinal hormone ghrelin modulates inhibitory neurotransmission in deep laminae of mouse spinal cord dorsal horn. | Vergnano AM et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| The growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-I axis in chronic kidney disease. | Mak RH et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| The pharmacology and molecular mechanisms underlying temperature regulation and torpor. | Swoap SJ | β | 2008 | β |
| The relationship of ghrelin and adiponectin with bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in elderly men. | Gonnelli S et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| The structure of ghrelin. | Kukol A | β | 2008 | β |
| Variations in the ghrelin receptor gene associate with obesity and glucose metabolism in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. | Mager U et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Active and total ghrelin concentrations increase in breast milk during lactation. | Ilcol YO et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Acyl ghrelin and metabolic hormones in pregnant and lactating sows. | Govoni N et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Adipose tissue, serum adipokines, and ghrelin in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. | Toussirot E et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Advances in molecular biology of hibernation in mammals. | Andrews MT | β | 2007 | β |
| Are ghrelin levels really elevated in epileptic patients? | Aydin S | β | 2007 | β |
| Augmented cocaine conditioned place preference in rats pretreated with systemic ghrelin. | Davis KW et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Avenues of communication between the brain and tissues/organs involved in energy homeostasis. | Yamada T et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Concentrate supplementation reduces postprandial plasma ghrelin in grazing dairy cows: a possible neuroendocrine basis for reduced pasture intake in supplemented cows. | Roche JR et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Contractile effect of ghrelin on isolated guinea-pig renal arteries. | Dimitrova DZ et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Correlation between serum ghrelin levels and cocaine-seeking behaviour triggered by cocaine-associated conditioned stimuli in rats. | Tessari M et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Direct stimulatory effect of ghrelin on pituitary release of LH through a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism that is modulated by estrogen. | FernΓ‘ndez-FernΓ‘ndez R et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Effects of ghrelin on in vitro development of porcine in vitro fertilized and parthenogenetic embryos. | Zhang K et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Elevated serum ghrelin exerts an orexigenic effect that may maintain body mass index in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. | Wang HS et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Emerging drugs for postoperative ileus. | Greenwood-Van Meerveld B | β | 2007 | β |
| Emerging results of anticatabolic therapy with ghrelin. | Akamizu T et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Estradiol-dependent decrease in the orexigenic potency of ghrelin in female rats. | Clegg DJ et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Exercise-induced suppression of acylated ghrelin in humans. | Broom DR et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Four missense mutations in the ghrelin receptor result in distinct pharmacological abnormalities. | Liu G et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Gender differences in plasma ghrelin and its relations to body composition and bone - an opposite-sex twin study. | Makovey J et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Genetically engineered mice: a new paradigm to study gastric physiology. | Chen D et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Ghrelin and bone mass in postmenopausal hypertensive women. | PΓ©rez-CastrillΓ³n JL et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Ghrelin and its unacylated isoform stimulate the growth of adrenocortical tumor cells via an anti-apoptotic pathway. | Delhanty PJ et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Ghrelin: a novel peptide with therapeutic effect in certain cancers? | Aydin S et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Ghrelin is present in teeth. | Aydin S et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Ghrelin may attenuate proinflammatory cytokine-mediated neuropathic pain. | Guneli E et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Ghrelin promotes thymopoiesis during aging. | Dixit VD et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Glucocorticoid inhibition of growth in rats: partial reversal with the full-length ghrelin analog BIM-28125. | Tulipano G et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Heterogeneity of ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptors. Toward the understanding of the molecular identity of novel ghrelin/GHS receptors. | Muccioli G et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Hypothalamic galanin and plasma leptin and ghrelin in the maintenance of energy intake in the Brattleboro rat. | Beck B et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Lack of effect of the ghrelin gene-derived peptide obestatin on cardiomyocyte viability and metabolism. | Iglesias MJ et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Lack of obestatin effects on food intake: should obestatin be renamed ghrelin-associated peptide (GAP)? | Gourcerol G et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Milk and blood ghrelin level in diabetics. | Aydin S et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Modeling of human ghrelin receptor (hGHS-R1a) in its close state and validation by molecular docking. | Pedretti A et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Nonclassic endogenous novel [corrected] regulators of angiogenesis. | Ribatti D et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Nonpeptidic ligands for peptide-activated G protein-coupled receptors. | Blakeney JS et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Paraoxonase 1 response to a high-fat diet: gender differences in the factors involved. | ThomΓ s-MoyΓ E et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| [Personal memoir about the discovery of ghrelin]. | Kojima M | β | 2007 | β |
| Physiological, pathological and potential therapeutic roles of ghrelin. | Leite-Moreira AF et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Preproghrelin-derived peptide, obestatin, fails to influence food intake in lean or obese rodents. | Gourcerol G et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Primary structure and tissue distribution of GPR39 messenger ribonucleic acid in Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica. | Yamamoto I et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Prokinetic effects of a new ghrelin receptor agonist TZP-101 in a rat model of postoperative ileus. | Venkova K et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Serum ghrelin levels and risk of subsequent adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. | de Martel C et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Simultaneous quantification of ghrelin and desacyl-ghrelin by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in plasma, serum, and cell supernatants. | Rauh M et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| The TANTALUS system for obesity: effect on gastric emptying of solids and ghrelin plasma levels. | Sanmiguel CP et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Unacylated ghrelin is not a functional antagonist but a full agonist of the type 1a growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R). | Gauna C et al. | β | 2007 | β |