Activation of the cloned muscarinic potassium channel by G protein beta gamma subunits.
paper
Cited
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- Authors
- Reuveny, E; Slesinger, P A; Inglese, J; Morales, J M; IΓ±iguez-Lluhi, J A; Lefkowitz, R J; Bourne, H R; Jan, Y N; Jan, L Y
- Year
- 1994
- Journal
- Nature
- PMID
- 8022483
- DOI
- 10.1038/370143a0
Acetylcholine released during parasympathetic stimulation of the vagal nerve slows the heart rate through the activation of muscarinic receptors and subsequent opening of an inwardly rectifying potassium channel. The activation of these muscarinic potassium channels is mediated by a pertussis toxin-sensitive heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein). It has not been resolved whether exogenously applied G alpha or G beta gamma, or both, activate the channel. Using a heterologous expression system, we have tested the ability of different G protein subunits to activate the cloned muscarinic potassium channel, GIRK1. We report here that coexpression of GIRK1 with G beta gamma but not G alpha beta gamma in Xenopus oocytes results in channel activity that persists in the absence of cytoplasmic GTP. This activity is reduced by fusion proteins of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase and of recombinant G alpha i-GDP, both of which are known to interact with G beta gamma. Moreover, application of recombinant G beta gamma, but not G alpha i-GTP-gamma S, activates GIRK1 channels. Thus G beta gamma appears to be sufficient for the activation of GIRK1 muscarinic potassium channels.
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| Critical determinants of the G protein gamma subunits in the Gbetagamma stimulation of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channel activity. | Peng L et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Effects of ginsenoside on G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying K+ channel activity expressed in Xenopus oocytes. | Choi S et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| G beta gamma and KACh: old story, new insights. | Mirshahi T et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Inhibition of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+ channels by fluoxetine (Prozac). | Kobayashi T et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Interaction of G protein beta subunit with inward rectifier K(+) channel Kir3. | Zhao Q et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Signaling molecules and receptor transduction cascades that regulate NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission. | Kotecha SA et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| The dynamics of formation and action of the ternary complex revealed in living cells using a G-protein-gated K+ channel as a biosensor. | Benians A et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| The pore helix is involved in stabilizing the open state of inwardly rectifying K+ channels. | Alagem N et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| A role for the middle C terminus of G-protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channels in regulating gating. | Guo Y et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Constitutively active and G-protein coupled inward rectifier K+ channels: Kir2.0 and Kir3.0. | Stanfield PR et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Defining G protein beta gamma specificity for effector recognition. | Dell EJ et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Desensitization of mu-opioid receptor-evoked potassium currents: initiation at the receptor, expression at the effector. | Blanchet C et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Functional characterization of an endogenous Xenopus oocyte adenosine receptor. | Kobayashi T et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Functional expression of a novel ginsenoside Rf binding protein from rat brain mRNA in Xenopus laevis oocytes. | Choi S et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| G(alpha)(i) controls the gating of the G protein-activated K(+) channel, GIRK. | Peleg S et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Graded contribution of the Gbeta gamma binding domains to GIRK channel activation. | Sadja R et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Identification of critical residues controlling G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K(+) channel activity through interactions with the beta gamma subunits of G proteins. | He C et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Interaction of 14-3-3 protein with regulator of G protein signaling 7 is dynamically regulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha. | Benzing T et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Molecular mechanisms of analgesia induced by opioids and ethanol: is the GIRK channel one of the keys? | Ikeda K et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Role of receptor kinase in long-term desensitization of the cardiac muscarinic receptor-K+ channel system. | Shui Z et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Structural and functional determinants of conserved lipid interaction domains of inward rectifying Kir6.2 channels. | Cukras CA et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Structural basis of inward rectification: cytoplasmic pore of the G protein-gated inward rectifier GIRK1 at 1.8 A resolution. | Nishida M et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| The (beta)gamma subunits of G proteins gate a K(+) channel by pivoted bending of a transmembrane segment. | Jin T et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| The requirement of presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors for the maintenance of locomotion. | Takahashi M et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| 5-HT1A receptor-mediated activation of G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ current in rat periaqueductal gray neurons. | Jeong HJ et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Characterization of heteromultimeric G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels of the tunicate tadpole with a unique pore property. | Murata Y et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Coupling Gbetagamma-dependent activation to channel opening via pore elements in inwardly rectifying potassium channels. | Sadja R et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Evidence of involvement of GIRK1/GIRK4 in long-term desensitization of cardiac muscarinic K+ channels. | Shui Z et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Expression levels of RGS7 and RGS4 proteins determine the mode of regulation of the G protein-activated K(+) channel and control regulation of RGS7 by G beta 5. | Keren-Raifman T et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Functional expression and FRET analysis of green fluorescent proteins fused to G-protein subunits in rat sympathetic neurons. | Ruiz-Velasco V et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| G protein beta2 subunit antisense oligonucleotides inhibit cell proliferation and disorganize microtubule and mitotic spindle organization. | Wu HC et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| G protein betagamma subunit-mediated presynaptic inhibition: regulation of exocytotic fusion downstream of Ca2+ entry. | Blackmer T et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| GTP-binding protein Gq mediates muscarinic-receptor-induced inhibition of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel IRK1 (Kir 2.1). | Firth TA et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Human phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein facilitates heterotrimeric G protein-dependent signaling. | Kroslak T et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Identification of G protein-coupled, inward rectifier potassium channel gene products from the rat anterior pituitary gland. | Gregerson KA et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Impaired inhibitory G-protein function contributes to increased calcium currents in rats with diabetic neuropathy. | Hall KE et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Inhibition of a Gi-activated potassium channel (GIRK1/4) by the Gq-coupled m1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. | Hill JJ et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Ion selectivity filter regulates local anesthetic inhibition of G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ channels. | Slesinger PA | β | 2001 | β |
| Mechanism underlying bupivacaine inhibition of G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ channels. | Zhou W et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Muscarinic receptors in the mammalian heart. | Dhein S et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Reactive oxygen species regulate signaling pathways induced by M1 muscarinic receptors in PC12M1 cells. | Mangelus M et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Redox-dependent gating of G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying K+ channels. | Zeidner G et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Regulation of a G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ channel by a Ca(2+)-independent protein kinase C. | Leaney JL et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| The neurokinin A receptor activates calcium and cAMP responses through distinct conformational states. | Palanche T et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Co-expression of Gbeta5 enhances the function of two Ggamma subunit-like domain-containing regulators of G protein signaling proteins. | Kovoor A et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| G protein beta gamma subunits inhibit nongenomic progesterone-induced signaling and maturation in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Evidence for a release of inhibition mechanism for cell cycle progression. | Lutz LB et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| G-protein mediated gating of inward-rectifier K+ channels. | Mark MD et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Inhibition by various antipsychotic drugs of the G-protein-activated inwardly rectifying K(+) (GIRK) channels expressed in xenopus oocytes. | Kobayashi T et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Regulation of GIRK channel deactivation by Galpha(q) and Galpha(i/o) pathways. | Mark MD et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| The bee venom peptide tertiapin underlines the role of I(KACh) in acetylcholine-induced atrioventricular blocks. | Drici MD et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| The dopamine D(4) receptor: one decade of research. | Oak JN et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| The role of members of the pertussis toxin-sensitive family of G proteins in coupling receptors to the activation of the G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel. | Leaney JL et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Agonist-dependent desensitization of the kappa opioid receptor by G protein receptor kinase and beta-arrestin. | Appleyard SM et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Cannabinoid receptors can activate and inhibit G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels in a xenopus oocyte expression system. | McAllister SD et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Cardiac ionic currents and acute ischemia: from channels to arrhythmias. | Carmeliet E | β | 1999 | β |
| Coupling of M2 muscarinic receptors to membrane ion channels via phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma and atypical protein kinase C. | Wang YX et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Distinct specificities of inwardly rectifying K(+) channels for phosphoinositides. | RohΓ‘cs T et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Ethanol opens G-protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+ channels. | Kobayashi T et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Expression of a functional Kir4 family inward rectifier K+ channel from a gene cloned from mouse liver. | Pearson WL et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Fast inactivation of a brain K+ channel composed of Kv1.1 and Kvbeta1.1 subunits modulated by G protein beta gamma subunits. | Jing J et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Functional identification of a goldfish odorant receptor. | Speca DJ et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| G protein gated potassium channels. | Sui JL et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Identification of a potassium channel site that interacts with G protein betagamma subunits to mediate agonist-induced signaling. | He C et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Importance of the G protein gamma subunit in activating G protein-coupled inward rectifier K(+) channels. | Kawano T et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| M2 signaling in smooth muscle cells. | Kotlikoff MI et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Modulation of rat atrial G protein-coupled K+ channel function by phospholipids. | Kim D et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Modulation of rat cardiac sodium channel by the stimulatory G protein alpha subunit. | Lu T et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Molecular determinants for sodium-dependent activation of G protein-gated K+ channels. | Ho IH et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| New roles for RGS2, 5 and 8 on the ratio-dependent modulation of recombinant GIRK channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. | Herlitze S et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Parasympathetic modulation of sinoatrial node pacemaker activity in rabbit heart: a unifying model. | Demir SS et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Regulation of ROMK1 channel by protein kinase A via a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-dependent mechanism. | Liou HH et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Regulators of G protein signaling attenuate the G protein-mediated inhibition of N-type Ca channels. | Melliti K et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| RGS7 and RGS8 differentially accelerate G protein-mediated modulation of K+ currents. | Saitoh O et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Sequestration of G-protein beta gamma subunits by different G-protein alpha subunits blocks voltage-dependent modulation of Ca2+ channels in rat sympathetic neurons. | Jeong SW et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Synergistic activation of G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels by the betagamma subunits of G proteins and Na(+) and Mg(2+) ions. | Petit-Jacques J et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Thyrotropin regulates c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity through two distinct signal pathways in human thyroid cells. | Hara T et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Activation of the atrial KACh channel by the betagamma subunits of G proteins or intracellular Na+ ions depends on the presence of phosphatidylinositol phosphates. | Sui JL et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| A new paradigm for neurotoxicity by FAD mutants of betaAPP: a signaling abnormality. | Nishimoto I | β | 1998 | β |
| Arrestin-independent internalization of the m1, m3, and m4 subtypes of muscarinic cholinergic receptors. | Lee KB et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Differential regulation of the cloned kappa and mu opioid receptors. | Tallent M et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Direct activation of inward rectifier potassium channels by PIP2 and its stabilization by Gbetagamma. | Huang CL et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Evidence that the nucleotide exchange and hydrolysis cycle of G proteins causes acute desensitization of G-protein gated inward rectifier K+ channels. | Chuang HH et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| gp120 envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency viruses competitively antagonize signaling by coreceptors CXCR4 and CCR5. | Madani N et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| G protein beta subunit is closely associated with microtubules. | Wu HC et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Human D2 and D4 dopamine receptors couple through betagamma G-protein subunits to inwardly rectifying K+ channels (GIRK1) in a Xenopus oocyte expression system: selective antagonism by L-741,626 and L-745,870 respectively. | Pillai G et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Inhibition of ATP-induced increase in muscarinic K+ current by trypsin, alkaline pH, and anions. | Pleumsamran A et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate group II receptors activate a G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying K+ current in neurones of the rat cerebellum. | Knoflach F et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Modulation of ATP-gated non-selective cation channel (P2X1 receptor) activation and desensitization by the actin cytoskeleton. | Parker KE | β | 1998 | β |
| Muscarinic K+ channel in the heart. Modal regulation by G protein beta gamma subunits. | Ivanova-Nikolova TT et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Neurotransmitter activation of inwardly rectifying potassium current in dissociated hippocampal CA3 neurons: interactions among multiple receptors. | Sodickson DL et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| On the role of endogenous G-protein beta gamma subunits in N-type Ca2+ current inhibition by neurotransmitters in rat sympathetic neurones. | Delmas P et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Protein kinase C disrupts cannabinoid actions by phosphorylation of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor. | Garcia DE et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Regulation of membrane excitability in the central nervous system by serotonin receptor subtypes. | Andrade R | β | 1998 | β |
| RGS4 inhibits signaling by group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Saugstad JA et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Role of receptor kinase in short-term desensitization of cardiac muscarinic K+ channels expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. | Shui Z et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Role of the second and third intracellular loops of metabotropic glutamate receptors in mediating dual signal transduction activation. | Francesconi A et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Serum from diabetic BB/W rats enhances calcium currents in primary sensory neurons. | Ristic H et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Signal transduction in the Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system. | Bargmann CI et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| The G-protein betagamma complex. | Gautam N et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| A C-terminal peptide of the GIRK1 subunit directly blocks the G protein-activated K+ channel (GIRK) expressed in Xenopus oocytes. | Luchian T et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| ATP-dependent desensitization of the muscarinic K+ channel in rat atrial cells. | Shui Z et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Cloned potassium channels from eukaryotes and prokaryotes. | Jan LY et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Control of M-current. | Marrion NV | β | 1997 | β |
| C-terminal mutation of G protein beta subunit affects differentially extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways in human embryonal kidney 293 cells. | Yamauchi J et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Defective gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor-activated inwardly rectifying K+ currents in cerebellar granule cells isolated from weaver and Girk2 null mutant mice. | Slesinger PA et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Different G proteins mediate somatostatin-induced inward rectifier K+ currents in murine brain and endocrine cells. | Takano K et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Does subunit dissociation necessarily accompany the activation of all heterotrimeric G proteins? | Rebois RV et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Dual modulation of an inwardly rectifying potassium conductance. | Jones SV | β | 1997 | β |
| Functional coupling of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor with the G-protein-activated K+ (GIRK) channel. | Ikeda K et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| GIRK1 immunoreactivity is present predominantly in dendrites, dendritic spines, and somata in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. | Drake CT et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| G protein beta gamma subunits. | Clapham DE et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| G protein interaction with K+ and Ca2+ channels. | Schneider T et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Inhibition of Ca2+ channel current by mu- and kappa-opioid receptors coexpressed in Xenopus oocytes: desensitization dependence on Ca2+ channel alpha 1 subunits. | Kaneko S et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Inward rectifier potassium channels. | Nichols CG et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Molecular determinants for assembly of G-protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+ channels. | Woodward R et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Mu and delta opioid receptors are differentially desensitized by the coexpression of beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 2 and beta-arrestin 2 in xenopus oocytes. | Kovoor A et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Neurotensin and dopamine D2 activation oppositely regulate the same K+ conductance in rat midbrain dopaminergic neurons. | Farkas RH et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Opioid receptors from a lower vertebrate (Catostomus commersoni): sequence, pharmacology, coupling to a G-protein-gated inward-rectifying potassium channel (GIRK1), and evolution. | Darlison MG et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Partial structure, chromosome localization, and expression of the mouse Girk4 gene. | Wickman K et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Persistent sodium currents through brain sodium channels induced by G protein betagamma subunits. | Ma JY et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Positive and negative coupling of the metabotropic glutamate receptors to a G protein-activated K+ channel, GIRK, in Xenopus oocytes. | Sharon D et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Probing the G-protein regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK4, the two subunits of the KACh channel, using functional homomeric mutants. | Vivaudou M et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| QEHA27, a peptide that binds to G-protein beta gamma-subunits, reduces the inhibitory effect of 5-HT on the Ca2+ current of rat dorsal raphe neurons. | Chen Y et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Regulation of IRK3 inward rectifier K+ channel by m1 acetylcholine receptor and intracellular magnesium. | Chuang H et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| rGbeta1: a psychostimulant-regulated gene essential for establishing cocaine sensitization. | Wang XB et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| RGS8 accelerates G-protein-mediated modulation of K+ currents. | Saitoh O et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Role of subunit diversity in signaling by heterotrimeric G proteins. | Hildebrandt JD | β | 1997 | β |
| Signalling via the G protein-activated K+ channels. | Dascal N | β | 1997 | β |
| Specific regions of heteromeric subunits involved in enhancement of G protein-gated K+ channel activity. | Chan KW et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| The m1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor transactivates the EGF receptor to modulate ion channel activity. | Tsai W et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Voltage-gated and inwardly rectifying potassium channels. | Jan LY et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Activation of G protein-coupled inward rectifier K+ channels in brain neurons requires association of G protein beta gamma subunits with cell membrane. | Nakajima Y et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| A recombinant inwardly rectifying potassium channel coupled to GTP-binding proteins. | Chan KW et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| A unique P-region residue is required for slow voltage-dependent gating of a G protein-activated inward rectifier K+ channel expressed in Xenopus oocytes. | Kofuji P et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Cloning of a G protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium channel from human cerebellum. | Schoots O et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Cloning of a Xenopus laevis inwardly rectifying K+ channel subunit that permits GIRK1 expression of IKACh currents in oocytes. | Hedin KE et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Downregulation of muscarinic M2 receptors linked to K+ current in cultured guinea-pig atrial myocytes. | BΓΌnemann M et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Functional analysis of the weaver mutant GIRK2 K+ channel and rescue of weaver granule cells. | Kofuji P et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Functional effects of the mouse weaver mutation on G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ channels. | Slesinger PA et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| GABAB receptor-activated inwardly rectifying potassium current in dissociated hippocampal CA3 neurons. | Sodickson DL et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| G protein specificity of the muscarine-induced increase in an inward rectifier potassium current in AtT-20 cells. | Kozasa T et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Heterotrimeric G proteins. | Hamm HE et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Identification of a phospholipase C beta2 region that interacts with Gbeta-gamma. | Kuang Y et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Inhibition of an inwardly rectifying K+ channel by G-protein alpha-subunits. | Schreibmayer W et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Inhibition of an inward rectifier potassium channel (Kir2.3) by G-protein betagamma subunits. | Cohen NA et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| IRK(1-3) and GIRK(1-4) inwardly rectifying K+ channel mRNAs are differentially expressed in the adult rat brain. | Karschin C et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Mechanism of inhibition of calcium channels in rat nucleus tractus solitarius by neurotransmitters. | Rhim H et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Modulation of Ca2+ channels by G-protein beta gamma subunits. | Herlitze S et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Muscarinic signaling in the central nervous system. Recent developments and anesthetic implications. | Durieux ME | β | 1996 | β |
| Nonselective and G betagamma-insensitive weaver K+ channels. | Navarro B et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Pertussis toxin-sensitive activation of phospholipase C by the C5a and fMet-Leu-Phe receptors. | Jiang H et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Receptor stimulation causes slow inhibition of IRK1 inwardly rectifying K+ channels by direct protein kinase A-mediated phosphorylation. | Wischmeyer E et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Single-channel properties of the nonselective cation conductance induced by neurotensin in dopaminergic neurons. | Chien PY et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Specificity of coupling of muscarinic receptor isoforms to a novel chick inward-rectifying acetylcholine-sensitive K+ channel. | Gadbut AP et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Synaptic transmission and modulation in the neostriatum. | Lovinger DM et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| The K+ channel inward rectifier subunits form a channel similar to neuronal G protein-gated K+ channel. | Velimirovic BM et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Time resolved kinetics of direct G beta 1 gamma 2 interactions with the carboxyl terminus of Kir3.4 inward rectifier K+ channel subunits. | Doupnik CA et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Acetylcholine and adenosine activate the G protein-gated muscarinic K+ channel in ferret ventricular myocytes. | Ito H et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Activation of inwardly rectifying potassium channels (GIRK1) by co-expressed rat brain cannabinoid receptors in Xenopus oocytes. | Henry DJ et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| A G protein-gated K channel is activated via beta 2-adrenergic receptors and G beta gamma subunits in Xenopus oocytes. | Lim NF et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| A region of adenylyl cyclase 2 critical for regulation by G protein beta gamma subunits. | Chen J et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Cardiac muscarinic potassium channel activity is attenuated by inhibitors of G beta gamma. | Nair LA et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Contributions of the C-terminal domain to gating properties of inward rectifier potassium channels. | Pessia M et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Evidence that direct binding of G beta gamma to the GIRK1 G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ channel is important for channel activation. | Huang CL et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Evidence that neuronal G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ channels are activated by G beta gamma subunits and function as heteromultimers. | Kofuji P et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Functional analysis of a dominant negative mutant of G alpha i2. | Slepak VZ et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| G-protein regulation of ion channels. | Wickman KD et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Heterotrimeric G proteins interact with the small GTPase ARF. Possibilities for the regulation of vesicular traffic. | Colombo MI et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Heterotrimeric G proteins: organizers of transmembrane signals. | Neer EJ | β | 1995 | β |
| Identification of domains conferring G protein regulation on inward rectifier potassium channels. | Kunkel MT et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Identification of structural elements involved in G protein gating of the GIRK1 potassium channel. | Slesinger PA et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Inhibition of function in Xenopus oocytes of the inwardly rectifying G-protein-activated atrial K channel (GIRK1) by overexpression of a membrane-attached form of the C-terminal tail. | Dascal N et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| In vivo coupling of insulin-like growth factor II/mannose 6-phosphate receptor to heteromeric G proteins. Distinct roles of cytoplasmic domains and signal sequestration by the receptor. | Ikezu T et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Modulation of the serotonin-activated K+ channel by G protein subunits and nucleotides in rat hippocampal neurons. | Oh U et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Molecular and functional diversity of K+ channels. | Christie MJ | β | 1995 | β |
| Potentiation of Gi-mediated phospholipase C activation by retinoic acid in HL-60 cells. Possible role of G gamma 2. | Iiri T et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Receptor kinase-dependent desensitization of the muscarinic K+ current in rat atrial cells. | Shui Z et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| The G protein beta gamma subunit transduces the muscarinic receptor signal for Ca2+ release in Xenopus oocytes. | Stehno-Bittel L et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| The G-protein-gated atrial K+ channel IKACh is a heteromultimer of two inwardly rectifying K(+)-channel proteins. | Krapivinsky G et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| The inwardly rectifying potassium current of embryonic chick hepatocytes. | Hill CE et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| The inward rectifier potassium channel family. | Doupnik CA et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| The N terminus of phosducin is involved in binding of beta gamma subunits of G protein. | Xu J et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| A region of the muscarinic-gated atrial K+ channel critical for activation by G protein beta gamma subunits. | Takao K et al. | β | 1994 | β |
| Modulation of ion-channel function by G-protein-coupled receptors. | Hille B | β | 1994 | β |
| Towards the elucidation of the structural-functional relationship of inward rectifying K+ channel family. | Kubo Y | β | 1994 | β |