Strength of urges to smoke as a measure of severity of cigarette dependence: comparison with the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and its components.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Fidler, Jennifer A; Shahab, Lion; West, Robert
- Year
- 2011
- Journal
- Addiction (Abingdon, England)
- PMID
- 21134020
- DOI
- 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03226.x
AIMS: Measuring the strength of urges to smoke during a normal smoking day among smokers in a culture where smoking is restricted could provide a good measure of the severity of cigarette dependence. An important criterion for a measure of cigarette dependence is how well it predicts failure of attempts to stop smoking. This study compared ratings of Strength of Urges to Smoke (SUTS) with the Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and its components, including the Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI). DESIGN: A longitudinal study involving a household survey of a representative sample of adult smokers at baseline and 6-month follow-up by postal questionnaire. SETTING: England. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 15,740 smokers aged 16 and over underwent the baseline interview; 2593 were followed-up 6 months later, of whom 513 reported having made a quit attempt following the baseline survey but at least 1 month prior to the follow-up. MEASUREMENTS: SUTS, FTND, HSI, cigarettes per day, time to first cigarette, age, social grade and gender were measured at baseline. Quit attempts since the baseline assessment and self-reported abstinence were measured at 6-month follow-up. FINDINGS: In logistic regressions, all dependence measures predicted success of subsequent quit attempts, but SUTS had the strongest association (beta for SUTS, FTND and HSI: 0.41: P < 0.001, 0.13: P = 0.005, and 0.19: P = 0.003, respectively). In multiple logistic regressions when SUTS was entered as a predictor of abstinence, together with other dependence measures, it remained as the only predictive dependence measure. CONCLUSIONS: A simple rating of strength of urges on a normal smoking day appears to be a good predictor of at least short-term quit success in English smokers and as such may be a useful measure of cigarette addiction.
No figures extracted from this document.
No chunks — full text not yet ingested.
No entities extracted from this document yet.
No uploaded files.
Not in any collection.
No citations found.
In this knowledge base
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Are there differences in gradual versus abrupt smoking cessation quit attempts and success by social grade? A population study in England. | Cox S et al. | — | 2026 | → |
| Emotional arousal of graphic cigarette warning labels loses its beneficial effects on craving reduction after repeated exposure - A longitudinal neuroimaging study. | Ramos-Rolón AP et al. | — | 2026 | → |
| Patient-reported outcomes for monitoring substance use treatment: A systematic review of single-item measures. | Reese TJ et al. | — | 2026 | → |
| Smoking and Quitting Behaviors by Different Indicators of Socioeconomic Position in England: A Population Study, 2014 to 2023. | Theodoulou A et al. | — | 2026 | → |
| Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Who Smoke and Want to Quit-A Cohort Profile From the Koori Quit Pack study. | Mersha AG et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Annotating datasets in behavioural and social sciences to promote interoperability: development of the Schema for Ontology-based Dataset Annotation (SODA) version 1.0 | West R et al. | — | 2025 | — |
| Associations between non-daily smoking and motivation to stop smoking: A population study in England 2021-2024. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Associations of Close Social Connections With Smoking and Vaping: A Population Study in England. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| CEASE Tobacco Cessation Program: Validation of Self-Rated Quit with Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence. | Sheikhattari P et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Disposable e-cigarettes: Prevalence of use in Germany from 2016 to 2023 and associated user characteristics. | Klosterhalfen S et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Expanding the scope of the withdrawal syndrome: Anhedonia as a core nicotine withdrawal symptom. | Betts JM et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| High-risk alcohol consumption is associated with mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns in people living with HIV. | Gilstrap SR et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Identifying relevant intersections in relation to motivation and attempt to stop smoking by using a combination of methods to develop robust predictive models and resampling techniques: A cross-sectional study of the German population. | Ulbricht S et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Initial assessment of a novel smoking cessation program integrating app-based behavioral therapy and an electronic cigarette: results of a pilot study. | Schiek H et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Nicotine strength of e-liquids used by adult vapers in Great Britain: A population survey 2016 to 2024. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Offering e-cigarettes for smoking cessation and reduction in people with mental illness (ESCAPE): Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. | Kale D et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Prevalence of Popular Smoking Cessation Aids in England and Associations With Quit Success. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Promoting smoking cessation and preventing relapse to tobacco use following a smoke-free mental health inpatient stay (SCEPTRE feasibility study): a multicentre randomised controlled feasibility study protocol. | Petersen Williams P et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Proportionate income spent on nicotine and tobacco products and the use of untaxed cigarettes in Germany: findings from a cross-sectional survey. | Klosterhalfen S et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Providing an e-cigarette starter kit for smoking cessation and reduction as adjunct to usual care to smokers with a mental health condition: findings from the ESCAPE feasibility study. | Kale D et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Smoking, and to a lesser extent non-combustible nicotine use, is associated with higher levels of alcohol consumption and risky drinking. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Temporal Dynamics of Smoking Urges: Investigating Morning Cravings, Nicotine Dependence, and Smoking Behaviors. | Branstetter SA et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Trends and patterns of dual use of combustible tobacco and e-cigarettes among adults in England: A population study, 2016-2024. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Trends in Daily Cigarette Consumption Among Smokers: A Population Study in England, 2008-2023. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Are People More Likely to Vape or Smoke Indoors? A Population Survey of Adults in England. | Tattan-Birch H et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| A smoking cessation smartphone app that delivers real-time 'context aware' behavioural support: the Quit Sense feasibility RCT. | Naughton F et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Associations between body mass index and smoking behaviour: A cross-sectional study of the German adult population. | Wolters I et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Behavioural support and nicotine replacement therapy for smokeless tobacco cessation in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan: A pilot randomized controlled trial. | Siddiqui F et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Characterising smoking and nicotine use behaviours among women of reproductive age: a 10-year population study in England. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Combining app-based behavioral therapy with electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: a study protocol for a single-arm mixed-methods pilot trial. | Schiek H et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Comparing the Fagerström Test and Heaviness of Smoking Index in Predicting Smoking Abstinence in Cancer Patients. | Rodríguez-Cano R et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Differences in smoking cessation behaviors and vaping status among adult daily smokers with and without depression, anxiety, and alcohol use: Findings from the 2018 and 2020 International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping (ITC 4CV) Surveys. | Yimsaard P et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Evaluating the role of smoking abstinence expectancies in the relation between perceived ethnic discrimination and cigarette dependence among Latinx individuals who smoke. | Mayorga NA et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Mailed smoking cessation support for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who smoke: protocol for a hybrid type 1 effectiveness - implementation trial. | Bryant J et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Measurements of cadmium levels in relation to tobacco dependence and as a function of cytisine administration. | Wróblewski K et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Moderation of the real-world effectiveness of smoking cessation aids by mental health conditions: A population study. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Physical activity and tobacco smoking in the German adult population. | Acar Z et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Prevalence and Trends in Cigarette Smoking With and Without Tobacco Use Disorder Among Adults in the United States: 2010-2021. | Streck JM et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Smokers' Characteristics Associated with Successful Smoking Cessation Undergoing Pharmacotherapy in Slovenia. | Drešček M et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Smoking Habits and Nicotine Dependence Among the General Lebanese Population Before and During Both the Economic Crisis and COVID-19 Pandemic. | Haddad NR et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Social smoker identity and associations with smoking and quitting behaviour: A cross-sectional study in England. | Kale D et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| The Extent of Illicit Cigarette Sales in Five Rural Districts of Pakistan: A Cross-sectional Study. | Abdullah SM et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Trends in non-daily cigarette smoking in England, 2006-2024. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Use, perceptions, and effectiveness of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation among older adults in England: a population study, 2014-2024. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| An Automated, Online Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial of a Just-In-Time Adaptive Intervention for Smoking Cessation (Quit Sense). | Naughton F et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Developing habit-based health behaviour change interventions: twenty-one questions to guide future research. | Gardner B et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| E-cigarettes to Augment Stop Smoking In-person Support and Treatment With Varenicline (E-ASSIST): A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial. | Tattan-Birch H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Have there been sustained impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on trends in smoking prevalence, uptake, quitting, use of treatment, and relapse? A monthly population study in England, 2017-2022. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Motivation to stop smoking in the German population between 2016 - 2021 and associated factors: results from a repeated cross-sectional representative population survey (German Study on Tobacco Use, DEBRA study). | Borchardt B et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Nicotine Dependence from Electronic Cigarettes Use and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents. | Winburn C et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Attempts to quit smoking, use of smoking cessation methods, and associated characteristics among COPD patients. | Pashutina Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Attitudes of smokers towards tobacco control policies: findings from the Studying Tobacco users of Pakistan (STOP) survey. | Siddiqi K et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Identifying prospective subpopulations of combustible and electronic cigarette dual users in the United States via finite mixture modeling. | Sutton SK et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| "I got a little addiction": Adolescent and young adult cigarillo users' self-perceptions of addiction. | Koopman Gonzalez SJ et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Illicit cigarette trade in the cities of Pakistan: comparing findings between the consumer and waste recycle store surveys. | Khan A et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Koori Quit Pack mailout smoking cessation support for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who smoke: a feasibility study protocol. | Kennedy M et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Prevalence of use and real-world effectiveness of smoking cessation aids during the COVID-19 pandemic: a representative study of smokers in England. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Real-world effectiveness of smoking cessation aids: A population survey in England with 12-month follow-up, 2015-2020. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Smoking and quitting characteristics of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women of reproductive age: findings from the Which Way? study. | Kennedy M et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The 1988 US Surgeon General's report Nicotine Addiction: how well has it stood up to three more decades of research? | West R et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Effectiveness of E-Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation. | Kotz D et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The effect of nicotine dependence and withdrawal symptoms on use of nicotine replacement therapy: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial in primary care. | Hollands GJ et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Use of Tobacco Industry Vaping Products in the UK and Product Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Survey. | Cornish EJ et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Tobacco use prevalence and its determinate factor in Ethiopia- finding of the 2016 Ethiopian GATS. | Mengesha SD et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Clarifying the Genetic Influences on Nicotine Dependence and Quantity of Use in Cigarette Smokers. | Verhulst B et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Gender Differences in Reasons for Using Electronic Cigarettes and Product Characteristics: Findings From the 2018 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey. | Yimsaard P et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Investigating Changes in Patients' Smoking Behavior, Tobacco Dependence, and Motivation to Stop Smoking Following a "Smoke-Free" Mental Health Inpatient Stay: Results From a Longitudinal Survey in England. | Ainscough TS et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Predictive Power of Dependence Measures for Quitting Smoking. Findings From the 2016 to 2018 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys. | Le Grande M et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Prevalence and correlates of receipt by smokers of general practitioner advice on smoking cessation in England: a cross-sectional survey of adults. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Protocol for expansion of an existing national monthly survey of smoking behaviour and alcohol use in England to Scotland and Wales: The Smoking and Alcohol Toolkit Study. | Kock L et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Quit attempts and tobacco abstinence in primary care patients: follow-up of a pragmatic, two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial on brief stop-smoking advice - ABC <i>versus</i> 5As. | Kastaun S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Randomised controlled trial of a just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) smoking cessation smartphone app: the Quit Sense feasibility trial protocol. | Naughton F et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Smokers' Use of E-Cigarettes in Situations Where Smoking Is not Permitted in England: Quarterly Trends 2011-2020 and Associations With Sociodemographic and Smoking Characteristics. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Smoking Cessation and Quality of Life: Insights From Analysis of Longitudinal Australian Data, an Application for Economic Evaluations. | Moayeri F et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Impact of COVID-19 on Smoking Patterns in Pakistan: Findings From a Longitudinal Survey of Smokers. | Siddiqi K et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Training general practitioners in the ABC <i>versus</i> 5As method of delivering stop-smoking advice: a pragmatic, two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial. | Kastaun S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Trends in use of e-cigarette device types and heated tobacco products from 2016 to 2020 in England. | Tattan-Birch H et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Validity of urges to smoke measures in predicting smoking relapse during treatment in primary care. | Kotz D et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Who would be targeted by increasing the legal age of sale of cigarettes from 18 to 21? A cross-sectional study exploring the number and characteristics of smokers in England. | Beard E et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Associations between dual use of e-cigarettes and smoking cessation: A prospective study of smokers in England. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| If at first you don't succeed, when should you try again? A prospective study of failed quit attempts and subsequent smoking cessation. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Mental health and smoking cessation-a population survey in England. | Brose LS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Mental health, smoking, harm reduction and quit attempts - a population survey in England. | Brose LS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Perceived non-smoking norms and motivation to stop smoking, quit attempts, and cessation: a cross-sectional study in England. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Socioeconomic differences in the motivation to stop using e-cigarettes and attempts to do so. | Jahnel T et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Trends in and Correlates of Use of Roll-Your-Own Cigarettes: A Population Study in England 2008-2017. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Clinical evaluation of deep brain stimulation of nucleus accumbens/anterior limb of internal capsule for opioid relapse prevention: protocol of a multicentre, prospective and double-blinded study. | Qu L et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Cross-Sectional Study to Characterise Nicotine Dependence in Central Vietnamese Men. | Kõks G et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Effectiveness of training general practitioners to improve the implementation of brief stop-smoking advice in German primary care: study protocol of a pragmatic, 2-arm cluster randomised controlled trial (the ABCII trial). | Kastaun S et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Indicators of cigarette smoking dependence and relapse in former smokers who vape compared with those who do not: findings from the 2016 International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey. | McNeill A et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Moderators of real-world effectiveness of smoking cessation aids: a population study. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Perceived addiction to smoking and associations with motivation to stop, quit attempts and quitting success: A prospective study of English smokers. | Perski O et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Predictive Validity, Diagnostic Accuracy and Test-Retest Reliability of the Strength of Urges to Drink (SUTD) Scale. | Beard E et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Psychometric Evaluation of the E-cigarette Dependence Scale. | Morean ME et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Does consistent motivation to stop smoking improve the explanation of recent quit attempts beyond current motivation? A cross-sectional study. | Perski O et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Ecological momentary assessment of smoking behaviors in native and converted intermittent smokers. | Stennett A et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Elevated Nicotine Dependence Scores among Electronic Cigarette Users at an Electronic Cigarette Convention. | Johnson JM et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Is the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence invariant across secular trends in smoking? A question for cross-birth cohort analysis of nicotine dependence. | Glasheen C et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation during pregnancy. | Bar-Zeev Y et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Roll-your-own cigarette use and smoking cessation behaviour: a cross-sectional population study in England. | Jackson SE et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The moderating effect of perceived social support on the relation between heaviness of smoking and quit attempts among adult homeless smokers. | Neisler J et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Then and now: Consumption and dependence in e-cigarette users who formerly smoked cigarettes. | Browne M et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The safety, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of cytisine in achieving six-month continuous smoking abstinence in tuberculosis patients-protocol for a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. | Dogar O et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Cigarette dependence and depressive symptoms as predictors of smoking status at five-year follow-up after a workplace smoking cessation program. | Nieva G et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Effectiveness of intensive practice nurse counselling versus brief general practitioner advice, both combined with varenicline, for smoking cessation: a randomized pragmatic trial in primary care. | van Rossem C et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Sexual orientation identity and tobacco and hazardous alcohol use: findings from a cross-sectional English population survey. | Shahab L et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Smoking Urges During Treatment and Long-Term Cessation among Low-Income African Americans. | Webb Hooper M et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Study protocol of the German Study on Tobacco Use (DEBRA): a national household survey of smoking behaviour and cessation. | Kastaun S et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| The efficacy of varenicline in achieving abstinence among waterpipe tobacco smokers - study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. | Zahid R et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| The Indigenous Counselling and Nicotine (ICAN) QUIT in Pregnancy Pilot Study protocol: a feasibility step-wedge cluster randomised trial to improve health providers' management of smoking during pregnancy. | Bar-Zeev Y et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Tobacco smoking: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions. | West R | — | 2017 | → |
| Can smoking initiation contexts predict how adult Aboriginal smokers assess their smoking risks? A cross-sectional study using the 'Smoking Risk Assessment Target'. | Gould GS et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Comparison of brief interventions in primary care on smoking and excessive alcohol consumption: a population survey in England. | Brown J et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Craving and Withdrawal Symptoms During Smoking Cessation: Comparison of Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Smokers. | Berlin I et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Dependence and motivation to stop smoking as predictors of success of a quit attempt among smokers seeking help to quit. | Ussher M et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Guidance for Culturally Competent Approaches to Smoking Cessation for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Pregnant Women. | Gould GS et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Smoking habits and nicotine dependence of North Korean male defectors. | Kim SW et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Suicidality prospectively predicts greater urges to smoke following a cessation attempt: Mediation through perceived barriers to cessation. | Albanese BJ et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Which measures of cigarette dependence are predictors of smoking cessation during pregnancy? Analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial. | Riaz M et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| A mobile app to aid smoking cessation: preliminary evaluation of SmokeFree28. | Ubhi HK et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| A review and analysis of the use of 'habit' in understanding, predicting and influencing health-related behaviour. | Gardner B | — | 2015 | → |
| Associations Between E-Cigarette Type, Frequency of Use, and Quitting Smoking: Findings From a Longitudinal Online Panel Survey in Great Britain. | Hitchman SC et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Combining intensive practice nurse counselling or brief general practitioner advice with varenicline for smoking cessation in primary care: study protocol of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. | van Rossem C et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Cross validation of the prognostic and diagnostic utility of tobacco craving in a general and a pregnant sample of treatment-seeking smokers. | Berlin I et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Defining and measuring the habit impulse: response to commentaries. | Gardner B | — | 2015 | → |
| Development of a questionnaire for assessing dependence on electronic cigarettes among a large sample of ex-smoking E-cigarette users. | Foulds J et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Do cravings predict smoking cessation in smokers calling a national quit line: secondary analyses from a randomised trial for the utility of 'urges to smoke' measures. | Taggar JS et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Does non-smoker identity following quitting predict long-term abstinence? Evidence from a population survey in England. | Tombor I et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Dopamine, urges to smoke, and the relative salience of drug versus non-drug reward. | Freeman TP et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Health-care interventions to promote and assist tobacco cessation: a review of efficacy, effectiveness and affordability for use in national guideline development. | West R et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Is the use of electronic cigarettes while smoking associated with smoking cessation attempts, cessation and reduced cigarette consumption? A survey with a 1-year follow-up. | Brose LS et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Protocol for a national monthly survey of alcohol use in England with 6-month follow-up: 'the Alcohol Toolkit Study'. | Beard E et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Resting-state functional connectivity and nicotine addiction: prospects for biomarker development. | Fedota JR et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Shared versus specific features of psychological symptoms and cigarettes per day: structural relations and mediation by negative- and positive-reinforcement smoking. | Ameringer KJ et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Smoking dependence across the levels of cigarette smoking in a multiethnic sample. | Scheuermann TS et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Social Inequality in Cigarette Consumption, Cigarette Dependence, and Intention to Quit among Norwegian Smokers. | Lund M | — | 2015 | → |
| Use of smokeless tobacco by Indian women aged 18-40 years during pregnancy and reproductive years. | Nair S et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Commentary on Hu et al. (2014): the validity of the DSM is not a 'given'. | DiFranza JR | — | 2014 | → |
| Effectiveness of varenicline versus nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation with minimal professional support: evidence from an English population study. | Kotz D et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Effects of depressive symptoms on antecedents of lapses during a smoking cessation attempt: an ecological momentary assessment study. | Brodbeck J et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Heaviness of smoking predicts smoking relapse only in the first weeks of a quit attempt: findings from the International Tobacco Control Four-Country Survey. | Yong HH et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| How do prompts for attempts to quit smoking relate to method of quitting and quit success? | Ussher M et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Prevalence of NRT use and associated nicotine intake in smokers, recent ex-smokers and longer-term ex-smokers. | Shahab L et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Prospective cohort study of the effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments used in the "real world". | Kotz D et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Prospective cohort study of the effectiveness of varenicline versus nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation in the "real world". | Kotz D et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Real-world effectiveness of e-cigarettes when used to aid smoking cessation: a cross-sectional population study. | Brown J et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| 'Real-world' effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments: a population study. | Kotz D et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Relapse among cigarette smokers: the CARDIA longitudinal study - 1985-2011. | Caraballo RS et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Role of nicotine dependence on the relationship between variants in the nicotinic receptor genes and risk of lung adenocarcinoma. | Tseng TS et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Validation of risk assessment scales and predictors of intentions to quit smoking in Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples: a cross-sectional survey protocol. | Gould GS et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Validity of the Italian version of the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) for nicotine dependence in smokers intending to quit. | Grassi MC et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Cigarette craving and withdrawal symptoms during temporary abstinence and the effect of nicotine gum. | Brown J et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Comparison of the cigarette dependence scale with four other measures of nicotine involvement: correlations with smoking history and smoking treatment outcome in smokers with substance use disorders. | Rohsenow DJ et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Cue-induced cigarette and food craving: a common effect? | Styn MA et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Gold standard program for heavy smokers in a real-life setting. | Neumann T et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Individual, social, and environmental factors associated with support for smoke-free housing policies among subsidized multiunit housing tenants. | Hood NE et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Knowledge and views about maternal tobacco smoking and barriers for cessation in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders: A systematic review and meta-ethnography. | Gould GS et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Light smokers are less likely to receive advice to quit from their GP than moderate-to-heavy smokers: a comparison of national survey data from the Netherlands and England. | Kotz D et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Outcome predictors of smoking cessation treatment provided by an addiction care unit between 2007 and 2010. | Castaldelli-Maia JM et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Predictive validity of the Motivation To Stop Scale (MTSS): a single-item measure of motivation to stop smoking. | Kotz D et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Predictors of voluntary home-smoking restrictions and associations with an objective measure of in-home smoking among subsidized housing tenants. | Hood NE et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Prevalence and characteristics of smokers interested in internet-based smoking cessation interventions: cross-sectional findings from a national household survey. | Brown J et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Responsiveness to reward following cessation of smoking. | Snuggs S et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Smoking behaviors and cessation interests among multiunit subsidized housing tenants, Columbus, Ohio, 2011. | Hood NE et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| The acute effects of yogic breathing exercises on craving and withdrawal symptoms in abstaining smokers. | Shahab L et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| The prevalence, predictors and associated health outcomes of high nicotine dependence using three measures among US smokers. | Schnoll RA et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| What aspect of dependence does the fagerström test for nicotine dependence measure? | DiFranza JR et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Commentary on Baker et al. (2012): Assessing dependence-are specific criteria for nicotine enough or do we need to consider its forms of administration? | Fagerstrom K | — | 2012 | → |
| Developing and validating a human laboratory model to screen medications for smoking cessation. | McKee SA et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Do components of current 'hardcore smoker' definitions predict quitting behaviour? | Ip DT et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| DSM criteria for tobacco use disorder and tobacco withdrawal: a critique and proposed revisions for DSM-5. | Baker TB et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Effect of offering different levels of support and free nicotine replacement therapy via an English national telephone quitline: randomised controlled trial. | Ferguson J et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Greater prevalence of proposed DSM-5 nicotine use disorder compared to DSM-IV nicotine dependence in treated adolescents and young adults. | Chung T et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Mood disorders and risk of lung cancer in the EAGLE case-control study and in the U.S. Veterans Affairs inpatient cohort. | Capo-Ramos DE et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Pharmacogenetics of smoking cessation: role of nicotine target and metabolism genes. | Gold AB et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Poor impulse control predicts inelastic demand for nicotine but not alcohol in rats. | Diergaarde L et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| [Tests for evaluating tobacco dependence]. | Underner M et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| The clinical significance of drug craving. | Tiffany ST et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence as a predictor of smoking abstinence: a pooled analysis of varenicline clinical trial data. | Fagerström K et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Commentary on Fidler et al. (2011): Identifying quitters who are at increased risk of relapse - where to from here? | Ferguson SG et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Enjoyment of smoking and urges to smoke as predictors of attempts and success of attempts to stop smoking: a longitudinal study. | Fidler JA et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Self-reported exposure to policy and environmental influences on smoking cessation and relapse: a 2-year longitudinal population-based study. | Nonnemaker J et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| 'The smoking toolkit study': a national study of smoking and smoking cessation in England. | Fidler JA et al. | — | 2011 | → |