Drug interactions at GABA(A) receptors.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Korpi, Esa R; GrΓΌnder, Gerhard; LΓΌddens, Hartmut
- Year
- 2002
- Journal
- Progress in neurobiology
- PMID
- 12126658
- DOI
- 10.1016/s0301-0082(02)00013-8
Neurotransmitter receptor systems have been the focus of intensive pharmacological research for more than 20 years for basic and applied scientific reasons, but only recently has there been a better understanding of their key features. One of these systems includes the type A receptor for the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which forms an integral anion channel from a pentameric subunit assembly and mediates most of the fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the adult vertebrate central nervous system. Up to now, depending on the definition, 16-19 mammalian subunits have been cloned and localized on different genes. Their assembly into proteins in a poorly defined stoichiometry forms the basis of functional and pharmacological GABA(A) receptor diversity, i.e. the receptor subtypes. The latter has been well documented in autoradiographic studies using ligands that label some of the receptors' various binding sites, corroborated by recombinant expression studies using the same tools. Significantly less heterogeneity has been found at the physiological level in native receptors, where the subunit combinations have been difficult to dissect. This review focuses on the characteristics, use and usefulness of various ligands and their binding sites to probe GABA(A) receptor properties and to gain insight into the biological function from fish to man and into evolutionary conserved GABA(A) receptor heterogeneity. We also summarize the properties of the novel mouse models created for the study of various brain functions and review the state-of-the-art imaging of brain GABA(A) receptors in various human neuropsychiatric conditions. The data indicate that the present ligands are only partly satisfactory tools and further ligands with subtype-selective properties are needed for imaging purposes and for confirming the behavioral and functional results of the studies presently carried out in gene-targeted mice with other species, including man.
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| Title | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|
| Altering the relative abundance of GABA A receptor subunits changes GABA- and ethanol-responses in Xenopus oocytes. | 2009 | 19382902 |
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| Structural basis for ligand recognition at the benzodiazepine binding site of GABAA alpha 3 receptor, and pharmacophore-based virtual screening approach. | Vijayan RS et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| The role of transcriptional and translational mechanisms in flumazenil-induced up-regulation of recombinant GABA(A) receptors. | JazvinsΔak Jembrek M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Xenon does not affect gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor binding in humans. | Salmi E et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| 6,2'-Dihydroxyflavone, a subtype-selective partial inverse agonist of GABAA receptor benzodiazepine site. | Wang F et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Allosteric uncoupling and up-regulation of benzodiazepine and GABA recognition sites following chronic diazepam treatment of HEK 293 cells stably transfected with alpha1beta2gamma2S subunits of GABA (A) receptors. | PericiΔ D et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Anticonvulsant effect of wogonin isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis. | Park HG et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| A single point mutation of the GABA(A) receptor alpha5-subunit confers fluoxetine sensitivity. | Derry JM et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Differences in kinetics of structurally related competitive GABA(A) receptor antagonists. | Vestergaard HT et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Different transmitter transients underlie presynaptic cell type specificity of GABAA,slow and GABAA,fast. | Szabadics J et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Does ethanol act preferentially via selected brain GABAA receptor subtypes? the current evidence is ambiguous. | Korpi ER et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Effect of the alpha subunit subtype on the macroscopic kinetic properties of recombinant GABA(A) receptors. | Picton AJ et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Electrophysiological properties and subunit composition of GABAA receptors in patients with gelastic seizures and hypothalamic hamartoma. | Wu J et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Enaminone amides as novel orally active GABAA receptor modulators. | Hogenkamp DJ et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| GABA(A) receptors: structure and function in the basal ganglia. | Goetz T et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| GABAergic inhibition at dendrodendritic synapses tunes gamma oscillations in the olfactory bulb. | Lagier S et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| GAT-1 acts to limit a tonic GABA(A) current in rat CA3 pyramidal neurons at birth. | SipilΓ€ ST et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| In the developing rat hippocampus a tonic GABAA-mediated conductance selectively enhances the glutamatergic drive of principal cells. | Marchionni I et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Involvement of 5-HT1A and GABAA receptors in the anxiolytic-like effects of Cinnamomum cassia in mice. | Yu HS et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Mapping convulsants' binding to the GABA-A receptor chloride ionophore: a proposed model for channel binding sites. | Kalueff AV | β | 2007 | β |
| Neurobiology of memory and anxiety: from genes to behavior. | Kalueff AV | β | 2007 | β |
| Neurosteroid allopregnanolone mediates anxiolytic effect of etifoxine in rats. | Ugale RR et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Pharmacology of the beta-carboline FG-7,142, a partial inverse agonist at the benzodiazepine allosteric site of the GABA A receptor: neurochemical, neurophysiological, and behavioral effects. | Evans AK et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Phospholipase C-related inactive protein is involved in trafficking of gamma2 subunit-containing GABA(A) receptors to the cell surface. | Mizokami A et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Postnatal alterations of the inhibitory synaptic responses recorded from cortical pyramidal neurons in the Lis1/sLis1 mutant mouse. | ValdΓ©s-SΓ‘nchez L et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Regulation of GABA(A)-receptor surface expression with special reference to the involvement of GABARAP (GABA(A) receptor-associated protein) and PRIP (phospholipase C-related, but catalytically inactive protein). | Kanematsu T et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Role of GABA in anxiety and depression. | Kalueff AV et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Status epilepticus alters zolpidem sensitivity of [3H]flunitrazepam binding in the developing rat brain. | LaurΓ©n HB et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| The anxiolytic-like effects of allopregnanolone vary as a function of intracerebral microinfusion site: the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, or hippocampus. | Engin E et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling. | Farrant M et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| The GABAA receptor: a novel target for treatment of fragile X? | D'Hulst C et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Acute treatment with pentobarbital alters the kinetics of in vivo receptor binding in the mouse brain. | Sakiyama Y et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Allopregnanolone produces hyperphagia by reducing neophobia without altering food palatability. | Fudge MA et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Allosteric positive interaction of thymol with the GABAA receptor in primary cultures of mouse cortical neurons. | GarcΓa DA et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| AMPA/kainate receptor-mediated up-regulation of GABAA receptor delta subunit mRNA expression in cultured rat cerebellar granule cells is dependent on NMDA receptor activation. | Salonen V et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| An ionotropic GABA receptor with novel pharmacology at bullfrog cone photoreceptor terminals. | Liu J et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Central nervous system depressant action of flavonoid glycosides. | FernΓ‘ndez SP et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Changes in neocortical and hippocampal GABAA receptor subunit distribution during brain maturation and aging. | Yu ZY et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Confirmation of association of the GABRA2 gene with alcohol dependence by subtype-specific analysis. | Fehr C et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Decreased expression of the GABAA receptor in fragile X syndrome. | D'Hulst C et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Expression profiling suggests underexpression of the GABA(A) receptor subunit delta in the fragile X knockout mouse model. | Gantois I et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| GABAA receptor alpha 4 subunits mediate extrasynaptic inhibition in thalamus and dentate gyrus and the action of gaboxadol. | Chandra D et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| GABAA receptor-mediated IPSCs and alpha1 subunit expression are not reduced in the substantia nigra pars reticulata of gerbils with inherited epilepsy. | Kumar SS et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| GABA(A) receptor subtypes as targets for neuropsychiatric drug development. | Korpi ER et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| GABA-site antagonism and pentobarbital actions do not depend on the alpha-subunit type in the recombinant rat GABA receptor. | Rahman M et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Glutamate and GABA receptors and transporters in the basal ganglia: what does their subsynaptic localization reveal about their function? | Galvan A et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Graded response to GABA by native extrasynaptic GABA receptors. | Lindquist CE et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells express GABAA receptor subunits. | Alam S et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Identification of structures within GABAA receptor alpha subunits that regulate the agonist action of pentobarbital. | Drafts BC et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-ones, imidazo[1,2-d][1,2,4]triazin-8-ones and imidazo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-8-ones as alpha2/alpha3 subtype selective GABA A agonists for the treatment of anxiety. | Goodacre SC et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines as functionally selective and orally bioavailable GABA(A)alpha2/alpha3 binding site agonists for the treatment of anxiety disorders. | Goodacre SC et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazines as alpha2/alpha3 subtype selective GABA A agonists for the treatment of anxiety. | Jennings AS et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Impact of epsilon and theta subunits on pharmacological properties of alpha3beta1 GABAA receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. | Ranna M et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Indiplon is a high-affinity positive allosteric modulator with selectivity for alpha1 subunit-containing GABAA receptors. | Petroski RE et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Lifelong ethanol consumption and brain regional GABAA receptor subunit mRNA expression in alcohol-preferring rats. | Sarviharju M et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Neuroactive steroid effects on cognitive functions with a focus on the serotonin and GABA systems. | Birzniece V et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Pharmacological properties of GABAA receptors containing gamma1 subunits. | Khom S et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Sites in TM2 and 3 are critical for alcohol-induced conformational changes in GABA receptors. | Jung S et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Structural model for gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor noncompetitive antagonist binding: widely diverse structures fit the same site. | Chen L et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Structure, pharmacology, and function of GABAA receptor subtypes. | Sieghart W | β | 2006 | β |
| The anxioselective agent 7-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)pyrazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidin-3-yl](pyridin-2-yl)methanone (DOV 51892) is more efficacious than diazepam at enhancing GABA-gated currents at alpha1 subunit-containing GABAA receptors. | Popik P et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| The delta subunit of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors does not confer sensitivity to low concentrations of ethanol. | Borghese CM et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Topiramate raises anterior cingulate cortex glutamine levels in healthy men; a 4.0 T magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. | Moore CM et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Two types of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in mouse substantia gelatinosa neurons. | Takahashi A et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| A conceptualization of integrated actions of ethanol contributing to its GABAmimetic profile: a commentary. | Criswell HE et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Agonistic effects of the beta-carboline DMCM revealed in GABA(A) receptor gamma 2 subunit F77I point-mutated mice. | LeppΓ€ E et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Alpha 1 subunit-containing GABA type A receptors in forebrain contribute to the effect of inhaled anesthetics on conditioned fear. | Sonner JM et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Alterations in GABAergic function following forced swimming stress. | Briones-Aranda A et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Anxiogenic properties of an inverse agonist selective for alpha3 subunit-containing GABA A receptors. | Atack JR et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Aspects of the homeostaic plasticity of GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition. | Mody I | β | 2005 | β |
| Association between alcoholism and gamma-amino butyric acid alpha2 receptor subtype in a Russian population. | Lappalainen J et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Bidirectional effects of benzodiazepine binding site ligands on active avoidance acquisition and retention: differential antagonism by flumazenil and beta-CCt. | SaviΔ MM et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Chronic treatment with flumazenil enhances binding sites for convulsants at recombinant alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2S) GABA(A) receptors. | PericiΔ D et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Differential expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid--a receptor subunits in rat dorsal and ventral hippocampus. | Sotiriou E et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Enhancement of benzodiazepine binding sites following chronic treatment with flumazenil. | PericiΔ D et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Evidence for a reduction of coupling between GABAA receptor agonist and ionophore binding sites by inorganic phosphate. | Sinkkonen ST et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| GABAA receptor-mediated tonic inhibition in thalamic neurons. | Cope DW et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Kainic acid-induced status epilepticus alters GABA receptor subunit mRNA and protein expression in the developing rat hippocampus. | LaurΓ©n HB et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Loss of zolpidem efficacy in the hippocampus of mice with the GABAA receptor gamma2 F77I point mutation. | Cope DW et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Mouse grooming microstructure is a reliable anxiety marker bidirectionally sensitive to GABAergic drugs. | Kalueff AV et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| New colchicinoids from a native Jordanian meadow saffron, colchicum brachyphyllum: isolation of the first naturally occurring dextrorotatory colchicinoid. | Alali FQ et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Palatability-dependent appetite and benzodiazepines: new directions from the pharmacology of GABA(A) receptor subtypes. | Cooper SJ | β | 2005 | β |
| Pharmacological properties of GABAA receptors in rat hypothalamic neurons expressing the epsilon-subunit. | Sergeeva OA et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Picrotoxin accelerates relaxation of GABAC receptors. | Qian H et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Plasticity of GABAA receptors in brains of rats treated with chronic intermittent ethanol. | Olsen RW et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Proton modulation of recombinant GABA(A) receptors: influence of GABA concentration and the beta subunit TM2-TM3 domain. | Wilkins ME et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Selective anxiolysis produced by ocinaplon, a GABA(A) receptor modulator. | Lippa A et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Subanesthetic ketamine does not affect 11C-flumazenil binding in humans. | Salmi E et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Abolition of zolpidem sensitivity in mice with a point mutation in the GABAA receptor gamma2 subunit. | Cope DW et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Activation of single heteromeric GABA(A) receptor ion channels by full and partial agonists. | Mortensen M et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| A four-ligand hypercube model to quantify allosteric interactions within the GABAA receptor complex. | van Rijn CM et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Allelic and haplotypic association of GABRA2 with alcohol dependence. | Covault J et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Allopregnanolone analogs that positively modulate GABA receptors protect against partial seizures induced by 6-Hz electrical stimulation in mice. | Kaminski RM et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| A mutation in the GABAA receptor alpha 1 subunit linked to human epilepsy affects channel gating properties. | Fisher JL | β | 2004 | β |
| Antagonism by NOS inhibition of the behavioral effects of benzodiazepine and GABAA receptor agonists in the mouse elevated plus-maze. | Elfline GS et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Anxioselective anxiolytics: can less be more? | Basile AS et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Autoradiographic imaging of altered synaptic alphabetagamma2 and extrasynaptic alphabeta GABAA receptors in a genetic mouse model of anxiety. | Sinkkonen ST et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Brain regional heterogeneity of pH effects on GABA(A) receptor-associated [35s]TBPS binding. | Uusi-Oukari M et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Cellular localization of GABA receptor alpha subunit immunoreactivity in the rat hypothalamus: relationship with neurones containing orexigenic or anorexigenic peptides. | BΓ€ckberg M et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Changes of [3H]MK-801, [3H]muscimol and [3H]flunitrazepam binding in rat brain by the prolonged ventricular infusion of transformed ginsenosides. | Jang S et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Changes of [3H]muscimol, [3H]flunitrazepam and [3H]MK-801 binding in rat brain by prolonged ventricular infusion of 7-nitroindazole. | Kim EY et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Characterization of a new synthetic isoflavonoid with inverse agonist activity at the central benzodiazepine receptor. | Lopes DV et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Chronic exposure of cells expressing recombinant GABAA receptors to benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil enhances the maximum number of benzodiazepine binding sites. | PericiΔ D et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Essentiality of central GABAergic neuroactive steroid allopregnanolone for anticonvulsant action of fluoxetine against pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice. | Ugale RR et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Four amino acids in the alpha subunits determine the gamma-aminobutyric acid sensitivities of GABAA receptor subtypes. | BΓΆhme I et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| GABA A receptor abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome assessed with positron emission tomography and [11C]flumazenil. | Lucignani G et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| GABAA receptor subunit mRNA expression in cultured embryonic and adult human dorsal root ganglion neurons. | Maddox FN et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| gamma-Aminobutyric acid A receptor subunit mutant mice: new perspectives on alcohol actions. | Boehm SL et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Hypoxia alters GABAA receptor function and subunit expression in NT2-N neurons. | Gao L et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Identification of a residue in the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor alpha subunit that differentially affects diazepam-sensitive and -insensitive benzodiazepine site binding. | Derry JM et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Kainate down-regulates a subset of GABAA receptor subunits expressed in cultured mouse cerebellar granule cells. | Martikainen IK et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Modifying quinolone antibiotics yields new anxiolytics. | Johnstone TB et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Pharmacological and biochemical aspects of GABAergic neurotransmission: pathological and neuropsychobiological relationships. | Beleboni RO et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Potential pleiotropic effects of Mpdz on vulnerability to seizures. | Fehr C et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Regulation of GABAA receptor trafficking, channel activity, and functional plasticity of inhibitory synapses. | LΓΌscher B et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Salicylidene salicylhydrazide, a selective inhibitor of beta 1-containing GABAA receptors. | Thompson SA et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Selective enhancement of tonic GABAergic inhibition in murine hippocampal neurons by low concentrations of the volatile anesthetic isoflurane. | Caraiscos VB et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Sevoflurane and propofol increase 11C-flumazenil binding to gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors in humans. | Salmi E et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Structural determinants of the pharmacological properties of the GABAA receptor alpha6 subunit. | Drafts BC et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| The alpha 1 and alpha 6 subunit subtypes of the mammalian GABA(A) receptor confer distinct channel gating kinetics. | Fisher JL | β | 2004 | β |
| The cerebellar GABAA alpha6 subunit is differentially modulated by chronic ethanol exposure in normal (R100R) and mutated (Q100Q) sNP rats. | Sanna A et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| The interplay of lorazepam-induced brain oscillations: microstructural electromagnetic study. | Fingelkurts AA et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| The thalamus as the generator and modulator of EEG alpha rhythm: a combined PET/EEG study with lorazepam challenge in humans. | Schreckenberger M et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Tonic inhibition in mouse hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons is mediated by alpha5 subunit-containing gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors. | Caraiscos VB et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Actions and interactions of extracellular potassium and kainate on expression of 13 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunits in cultured mouse cerebellar granule neurons. | Engblom AC et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| alpha2-gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors are the molecular substrates mediating precipitation of narcosis but not of sedation by the combined use of diazepam and alcohol in vivo. | TΓ€uber M et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Asymmetric cross-inhibition between GABAA and glycine receptors in rat spinal dorsal horn neurons. | Li Y et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Characterization of wild-type (R100R) and mutated (Q100Q) GABAA alpha 6 subunit in Sardinian alcohol non-preferring rats (sNP). | Sanna A et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Comparison of the effects of allopregnanolone with direct GABAergic agonists on ethanol self-administration with and without concurrently available sucrose. | Janak PH et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Effects of pentobarbital on GABA-activated currents in acutely-isolated rat dentate gyrus granule neurons. | Lim MS et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Fluoxetine increases GABA(A) receptor activity through a novel modulatory site. | Robinson RT et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| GABA transporter-1 (GAT1)-deficient mice: differential tonic activation of GABAA versus GABAB receptors in the hippocampus. | Jensen K et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Genomics and mapping of teleostei (bony fish). | Clark MS | β | 2003 | β |
| Genomics and mapping of Teleostei (bony fish). | Clark MS | β | 2003 | β |
| Major differences in inhibitory synaptic transmission onto two neocortical interneuron subclasses. | Bacci A et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Modulation of [3H] TBOB binding to the rodent GABAA receptor by simple disaccharides. | Rezai N et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Perisynaptic localization of delta subunit-containing GABA(A) receptors and their activation by GABA spillover in the mouse dentate gyrus. | Wei W et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Positron emission tomography--a tool for identifying the effects of alcohol dependence on the brain. | Wong DF et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Prolonged exposure to gamma-aminobutyric acid up-regulates stably expressed recombinant alpha 1 beta 2 gamma 2s GABAA receptors. | PericiΔ D et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Rat behavior in two models of anxiety and brain [3H]muscimol binding: pharmacological, correlation, and multifactor analysis. | Sienkiewicz-Jarosz H et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Receptor subtype-dependent positive and negative modulation of GABA(A) receptor function by niflumic acid, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. | Sinkkonen ST et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Selective changes in gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunits in the hippocampus in spontaneously seizing rats with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. | LaurΓ©n HB et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Structure activity studies of a novel cytotoxic benzodiazepine. | Boitano A et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Synergy between retigabine and GABA in modulating the convulsant site of the GABAA receptor complex. | van Rijn CM et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| The influences of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on drug-induced convulsion in mouse. | Sung JH et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| The modulatory effects of the anxiolytic etifoxine on GABA(A) receptors are mediated by the beta subunit. | Hamon A et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| The neurobiology and control of anxious states. | Millan MJ | β | 2003 | β |
| Thymol, a constituent of thyme essential oil, is a positive allosteric modulator of human GABA(A) receptors and a homo-oligomeric GABA receptor from Drosophila melanogaster. | Priestley CM et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Tolerance to diazepam-induced motor impairment: a study with GABAA receptor alpha6 subunit knockout mice. | Vekovischeva O et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Molecular and pharmacological characterization of GABA(A) receptor alpha1 subunit knockout mice. | Kralic JE et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Reduced adrenal activation in a rat line selected for high alcohol sensitivity. | Raatesalmi K et al. | β | 2002 | β |