Nicotine dependence and major depression. New evidence from a prospective investigation.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Breslau, N; Kilbey, M M; Andreski, P
- Year
- 1993
- Journal
- Archives of general psychiatry
- PMID
- 8422219
- DOI
- 10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820130033006
We examined prospectively the association between nicotine dependence and major depression (MDD). The following questions were addressed: (1) Are smokers with a history of MDD at increased risk for progression to nicotine dependence and more severe levels of dependence? (2) Are persons with a history of nicotine dependence at increased risk for MDD? A sample of 995 young adults were interviewed in 1989 and reinterviewed in 1990, 14 months later. The revised National Institute of Mental Health-Diagnostic Interview Schedule was used to ascertain DSM-III-R nicotine dependence and other substance use and psychiatric disorders. A history of MDD increased the risk for progression to nicotine dependence or more severe levels of dependence (odds ratio, 2.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.21 to 3.49). In addition, persons with a history of nicotine dependence had a higher rate of first-incidence MDD during the follow-up period than persons with no history of nicotine dependence (7.5% vs 3.2%; odds ratio, 2.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.17 to 5.15). The prospective data suggest that the association between nicotine dependence and MDD, observed previously in cross-sectional studies, might be either causal, with influences flowing in both directions, or, more probably, noncausal, reflecting the effects of common factors that predispose to both disorders.
No figures extracted from this document.
No chunks β full text not yet ingested.
No entities extracted from this document yet.
No uploaded files.
Not in any collection.
No citations found.
In this knowledge base
| Title | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|
| Reciprocal relationships between substance use and disorders and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Alcoholism. | 2017 | 28213124 |
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Associations between unhealthy lifestyle and depression: Cross-sectional results from the Spanish National Health Survey. | Navarra-Ventura G et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Effects of Varenicline, Bupropion, Nicotine Patch, and Placebo on Treating Smoking Among Persons With Current or Past Major Depressive Disorder: Secondary Analysis of a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. | Kypriotakis G et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| E-Cigarette Dependence and Depressive Symptoms Among Youth. | Chaiton M et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Sex difference in association between suicide attempts and lipid profile in first-episode and drug naive patients with major depressive disorder. | Guo J et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Trends in vaping and smoking behavior before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: Beneficial and potentially detrimental changes. | Graham R et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| New onset postoperative depression after major surgery: an analysis from a national claims database. | O'Gara B et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Applying Mendelian randomization to appraise causality in relationships between smoking, depression and inflammation. | Galan D et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Attenuation of nicotine-induced rewarding and antidepressant-like effects in male and female mice lacking regulator of G-protein signaling 2. | D'Souza MS et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| The effects of varenicline, bupropion, nicotine patch, and placebo on smoking cessation among smokers with major depression: A randomized clinical trial. | Cinciripini PM et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Associations between depression and gingivitis among adolescents resident in semi-urban South-West Nigeria. | Folayan MO et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Associations of clinical, psychological, and socioeconomic characteristics with nicotine dependence in smokers. | Sim YS et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Determination of shared genetic etiology and possible causal relations between tobacco smoking and depression. | Yao Y et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Is the Association Between Smoking and Depression Mediated by Inflammation? A Mendelian Randomization Study | Galan D et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Molecular and neuronal mechanisms underlying the effects of adolescent nicotine exposure on anxiety and mood disorders. | Laviolette SR | β | 2021 | β |
| Multi-Polygenic Analysis of Nicotine Dependence in Individuals of European Ancestry. | Risner VA et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| A key indicator of nicotine dependence is associated with greater depression symptoms, after accounting for smoking behavior. | Bainter T et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Adolescent Nicotine Exposure Induces Dysregulation of Mesocorticolimbic Activity States and Depressive and Anxiety-like Prefrontal Cortical Molecular Phenotypes Persisting into Adulthood. | Jobson CLM et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Depression Outcomes in Smokers and Nonsmokers: Comparison of Collaborative Care Management Versus Usual Care. | Akambase JA et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Smoking Status and Cost of Illness in Patients with Depressive Disorder Based on the National Health Survey in Spain. | LΓ³pez IbÑñez de Aldecoa A et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Genome-wide association study identifies glutamate ionotropic receptor GRIA4 as a risk gene for comorbid nicotine dependence and major depression. | Zhou H et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| The Intersection of Sex Differences, Tobacco Use, and Inflammation: Implications for Psychiatric Disorders. | Ashare RL et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Work Stress and Depressive Symptoms in Fishermen With a Smoking Habit: A Mediator Role of Nicotine Dependence and Possible Moderator Role of Expressive Suppression and Cognitive Reappraisal. | Jiang H et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Effects of varenicline on alcohol self-administration and craving in drinkers with depressive symptoms. | Roberts W et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Psychological and Familial Factors of Depression in Relation to Adolescent Smoking Behavior. | Roohafza H et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Reciprocal relationships between substance use and disorders and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Alcoholism. | Agrawal A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Six-Month Outcomes for Collaborative Care Management of Depression Among Smoking and Nonsmoking Patients. | Witt DR et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Temporal sequencing of nicotine dependence and major depressive disorder: A U.S. national study. | MartΓnez-Ortega JM et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| The Association of Cigarette Smoking With Depression and Anxiety: A Systematic Review. | Fluharty M et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Two novel candidate genes identified in adults from the Newfoundland population with addictive tendencies towards food. | Pedram P et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Are Smoking Cessation Treatments Associated with Suicidality Risk? An Overview. | Penberthy JK et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Assessment of the Risk of Suicide-Related Events Induced by Concomitant Use of Antidepressants in Cases of Smoking Cessation Treatment with Varenicline and Assessment of Latent Risk by the Use of Varenicline. | Akimoto H et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Cigarette smoking and the onset and persistence of panic attacks during mid-adulthood in the United States: 1994-2005. | Bakhshaie J et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Depression symptom trends and health domains among lung cancer patients in the CanCORS study. | Sullivan DR et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| [How to consider triggers and comorbid conditions in severe asthma in adults]. | Barnig C et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Interaction of Depression and Nicotine Addiction on the Severity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study. | Lou P et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Long-term effects of chronic nicotine on emotional and cognitive behaviors and hippocampus cell morphology in mice: comparisons of adult and adolescent nicotine exposure. | Holliday ED et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Severity of dependence modulates smokers' functional connectivity in the reward circuit: a preliminary study. | Shen Z et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Cigarette smoking and the onset and persistence of depression among adults in the United States: 1994-2005. | Bakhshaie J et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Depression and nicotine dependence from adolescence to young adulthood. | Dierker L et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Effect of variation in BDNF Val(66)Met polymorphism, smoking, and nicotine dependence on symptom severity of depressive and anxiety disorders. | Jamal M et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Homeostatic theory of obesity. | Marks DF | β | 2015 | β |
| Low nicotine dependence and high self-efficacy can predict smoking cessation independent of the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a three year follow up of a population-based study. | Lindberg A et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cytochrome P450 in HIV pathogenesis. | Rao PS et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Relationship between depression and chronic periodontitis. | Sundararajan S et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The effects of smoked nicotine on measures of subjective states and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones in women during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. | Goletiani NV et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The Role of Depression in the Uptake and Maintenance of Cigarette Smoking. | Audrain-McGovern J et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Tobacco smoking is causally associated with antipsychotic medication use and schizophrenia, but not with antidepressant medication use or depression. | Wium-Andersen MK et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Associations of depression and neuroticism with smoking behavior and motives among men in rural Qalyubia (Egypt). | Radwan GN et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| EPA guidance on tobacco dependence and strategies for smoking cessation in people with mental illness. | RΓΌther T et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Investigating the possible causal association of smoking with depression and anxiety using Mendelian randomisation meta-analysis: the CARTA consortium. | Taylor AE et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Mental health screening and increased risk for anxiety and depression among treatment-seeking smokers. | Emre N et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Nicotine-stimulated release of [3H]norepinephrine is reduced in the hippocampus of an animal model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, the spontaneously hypertensive rat. | Sterley TL et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Smoking and major depressive disorder in Chinese women. | He Q et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Association of serum homocysteine with major depressive disorder: results from a large population-based study. | Nabi H et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Effects of varenicline on smoking cessation in adults with stably treated current or past major depression: a randomized trial. | Anthenelli RM et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Nicotine dependence matters: examining longitudinal association between smoking and physical activity among Canadian adults. | Azagba S et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The association between physical fitness and depressive symptoms among young adults: results of the Northern Finland 1966 birth cohort study. | Suija K et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The relationship among smoking, sleep, and chronic rheumatic conditions commonly associated with pain in the National Health Interview Survey. | Stipelman BA et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| A longitudinal study of the bi-directional relationship between tobacco smoking and psychological distress in a community sample of young Australian women. | Leung J et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Are early-onset cannabis smokers at an increased risk of depression spells? | Fairman BJ et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Association of smoking and nicotine dependence with severity and course of symptoms in patients with depressive or anxiety disorder. | Jamal M et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Childhood and adolescent psychopathology and subsequent tobacco smoking in young adults: findings from an Australian birth cohort. | Fischer JA et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Comorbidity of major depressive episode and chronic physical conditions in Spain, a country with low prevalence of depression. | Gabilondo A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Mood management intervention for college smokers with elevated depressive symptoms: a pilot study. | Schleicher HE et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Nicotine dependence among clients receiving publicly funded substance abuse treatment. | Ward KD et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Persistent heavy smoking as risk factor for major depression (MD) incidence--evidence from a longitudinal Canadian cohort of the National Population Health Survey. | Khaled SM et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Persistent Ξ²2*-nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptor dysfunction in major depressive disorder. | Saricicek A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Psychological problems and cigarette smoking in tehran university students in 2010. | Mousavi AS et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Trajectories of cigarette smoking in adulthood predict insomnia among women in late mid-life. | Brook DW et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Age at smoking onset and the onset of depression and anxiety disorders. | Jamal M et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Associations between depressive symptom dimensions and smoking dependence motives. | Mickens L et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Comorbid psychiatric disorders and nicotine dependence in adolescence. | Griesler PC et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Declining alternative reinforcers link depression to young adult smoking. | Audrain-McGovern J et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Depressive symptoms and smoking in middle-aged and older women. | Holahan CK et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Independent and interactive associations of prenatal mood and substance use with infant birth outcomes. | Gyllstrom ME et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Major depression is a risk factor for shorter time to first cigarette irrespective of the number of cigarettes smoked per day: evidence from a National Population Health Survey. | Khaled SM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Non-specific psychological distress, smoking status and smoking cessation: United States National Health Interview Survey 2005. | Lawrence D et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Predictors of short-term success in smoking cessation in relation to attendance at a smoking cessation program. | Dorner TE et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Psychological distress and C-reactive protein: do health behaviours and pathophysiological factors modify the association? | Puustinen PJ et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Relationships between self-reported smoking, household environmental tobacco smoke exposure and depressive symptoms in a pregnant minority population. | Tan S et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Structural models of the comorbidity of internalizing disorders and substance use disorders in a longitudinal birth cohort. | Fergusson DM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The association between anxiety and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels: results from the Northern Finland 1966 birth cohort study. | Liukkonen T et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The effects of depression and smoking on pain severity and opioid use in patients with chronic pain. | Hooten MW et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Tobacco smoking as a risk factor for depression. A 26-year population-based follow-up study. | Flensborg-Madsen T et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| A comparison of the associations of caffeine and cigarette use with depressive and ADHD symptoms in a sample of young adult smokers. | Dosh T et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Applying the tripartite model of anxiety and depression to cigarette smoking: an integrative review. | Ameringer KJ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association of adolescent symptoms of depression and anxiety with daily smoking and nicotine dependence in young adulthood: findings from a 10-year longitudinal study. | McKenzie M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Cigarette smoking and depression: tests of causal linkages using a longitudinal birth cohort. | Boden JM et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Cigarette smoking and subsequent hospitalization in a cohort of young U.S. Navy female recruits. | Woodruff SI et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Clustering of negative affectivity and social inhibition in the community: prevalence of type D personality as a cardiovascular risk marker. | Hausteiner C et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Effect of menopause and use of contraceptives/hormone therapy on association of C-reactive protein and depression: a population-based study. | Liukkonen T et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Hormones, nicotine, and cocaine: clinical studies. | Mello NK | β | 2010 | β |
| Modifiable risk factors for incidence of pain in older adults. | Shi Y et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Predictors of depressive symptomatology among rural stimulant users. | Daniulaityte R et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| [Predictors of smoking cessation after stroke]. | Sienkiewicz-Jarosz H et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Smoking and pain: pathophysiology and clinical implications. | Shi Y et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The association between incident self-reported fibromyalgia and nonpsychiatric factors: 25-years follow-up of the Adventist Health Study. | Choi CJ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The association between psychopathology and substance use in young people: a review of the literature. | Saban A et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The effect of stopping smoking on perceived stress levels. | Hajek P et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The relationship between anxiety disorders and substance use among adolescents in the community: specificity and gender differences. | Wu P et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Adolescent smoking and depression: evidence for self-medication and peer smoking mediation. | Audrain-McGovern J et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Cigarette smoking, stages of change, and major depression in the Canadian population. | Khaled SM et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Impact of tobacco use in patients presenting to a multidisciplinary outpatient treatment program for fibromyalgia. | Weingarten TN et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Impact of tobacco use on the symptoms of painful temporomandibular joint disorders. | Weingarten TN et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Influence of comorbid conditions on asthma. | Boulet LP | β | 2009 | β |
| Nicotine dependence, psychological distress and personality traits as possible predictors of smoking cessation. Results of a double-blind study with nicotine patch. | Cosci F et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Onset and persistence of daily smoking: the interplay of socioeconomic status, gender, and psychiatric disorders. | Johnson EO et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Refining the depression-nicotine dependence link: patterns of depressive symptoms in psychiatric outpatients with current, past, and no history of nicotine dependence. | Leventhal AM et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Smoking and mental illness: results from population surveys in Australia and the United States. | Lawrence D et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Varenicline augmentation in depressed smokers: an 8-week, open-label study. | Philip NS et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Young adult smoking: what factors differentiate ex-smokers, smoking cessation treatment seekers and nontreatment seekers? | Audrain-McGovern J et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Active and passive smoking and depression among Japanese workers. | Nakata A et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Alpha4 containing nicotinic receptors are positioned to mediate postsynaptic effects on 5-HT neurons in the rat dorsal raphe nucleus. | Commons KG | β | 2008 | β |
| Association of the serotonin transporter gene, neuroticism and smoking behaviours. | O'Gara C et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Asthma and suicidal ideation with and without suicide attempts among adults in the United States: what is the role of cigarette smoking and mental disorders? | Clarke DE et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Common predictors of smoking cessation in clinical practice. | Caponnetto P et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and nicotine dependence among adolescents: findings from a prospective, longitudinal study. | Griesler PC et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Correlates of self-efficacy among rural smokers. | Berg CJ et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Design and baseline characteristics from the KAN-QUIT disease management intervention for rural smokers in primary care. | Cox LS et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Developmental trajectories of criteria of nicotine dependence in adolescence. | Hu MC et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Effects of progression to cigarette smoking on depressed mood in adolescents: evidence from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. | MunafΓ² MR et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Gender differences in the comorbidity of smoking behavior and major depression. | Husky MM et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Nicotine dependence vs. daily smoking as a meaningful variable: implications for clinical and epidemiological psychiatric studies. | MartΓnez-Ortega JM et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Nicotine effects on affective response in depression-prone smokers. | Spring B et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Prior chronic nicotine impairs cued fear extinction but enhances contextual fear conditioning in rats. | Tian S et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Psychosocial predictors of nicotine dependence in Black and Puerto Rican adults: a longitudinal study. | Brook JS et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| [Role of tobacco use on the incidence of depression in the SUN cohort study]. | SΓ‘nchez-Villegas A et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Smoking cessation in patients with psychiatric disorders. | Gelenberg AJ et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| The association between prenatal exposure to cigarettes and cortisol reactivity and regulation in 7-month-old infants. | Schuetze P et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Tobacco smoking and depression--results from the WHO/ISBRA study. | Wiesbeck GA et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Tobacco smoking as a risk factor for major depressive disorder: population-based study. | Pasco JA et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Adverse childhood experiences and smoking persistence in adults with smoking-related symptoms and illness. | Edwards VJ et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Animal models and treatments for addiction and depression co-morbidity. | Paterson NE et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| A review of etiologies of depression in COPD. | Norwood RJ | β | 2007 | β |
| Cancer in people with depression or anxiety: record-linkage study. | Goldacre MJ et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Common genetic risk of major depression and nicotine dependence: the contribution of antisocial traits in a United States veteran male twin cohort. | Fu Q et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Health behaviors among individuals with schizophrenia and depression. | Leas L et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Influence of nicotine on positive affect in anhedonic smokers. | Cook JW et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Negative mood states and related factors in a sample of adolescent secondary-school students in Barcelona (Spain). | Ahonen EQ et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| On the development of nicotine dependence in adolescence. | Kandel DB et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Short-term naturalistic treatment outcomes in cigarette smokers with substance abuse and/or mental illness. | Gershon Grand RB et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Susceptibility to nicotine dependence: the Development and Assessment of Nicotine Dependence in Youth 2 study. | DiFranza JR et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| The association between prenatal exposure to cigarettes and infant and maternal negative affect. | Schuetze P et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Variables associated with current smoking status in chronic pain patients. | Fishbain DA et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Cigarette smoking and incidence of first depressive episode: an 11-year, population-based follow-up study. | KlungsΓΈyr O et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Neuroactive steroids, negative affect, and nicotine dependence severity in male smokers. | Marx CE et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Relapse to alcohol and other drug use in treated adolescents: review and reconsideration of relapse as a change point in clinical course. | Chung T et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Risk factors for tobacco dependence in adolescent smokers. | Karp I et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| The Association Between Cigarette Smoking During Pregnancy and Maternal Behavior During the Neonatal Period. | Schuetze P et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| The association between C-reactive protein levels and depression: Results from the northern Finland 1966 birth cohort study. | Liukkonen T et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| A brief measure of high nicotine dependence for busy clinicians and large epidemiological surveys. | Diaz FJ et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Are psychiatric disorders associated with worse asthma control and quality of life in asthma patients? | Lavoie KL et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Cigarette smoking and completed suicide among middle-aged men: a population-based cohort study in Japan. | Iwasaki M et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Current perspectives on management of co-morbid depression in COPD. | Norwood R et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Developmental heterogeneity in adolescent depressive symptoms: associations with smoking behavior. | Rodriguez D et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Nicotine use in suicides: a case-control study. | Schneider B et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Personal factors influencing Korean American men's smoking behavior: addiction, health, and age. | Kim SS et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Personality correlates related to tobacco abstinence following treatment. | Hooten WM et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Predicting smoking status in a college-age population. | Ridner SL | β | 2005 | β |
| Risk factors of major depression in the elderly. | Heun R et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Self-efficacy and emotional adjustment as precursors of smoking in early adolescence. | Engels RC et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Smoking and depressive symptoms in a college population. | Lee Ridner S et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Social and behavioral correlates of cigarette smoking among mid-Atlantic Latino primary care patients. | Sanderson Cox L et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| The level of nicotine dependence is an independent risk factor for cancer: a case control study. | Deheinzelin D et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| The relationship between smoking history and current functioning in disabled community-living older adults. | Haas AL et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Characteristics of tobacco-smoking problem gamblers calling a gambling helpline. | Potenza MN et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Daily processes in stress and smoking: effects of negative events, nicotine dependence, and gender. | Todd M | β | 2004 | β |
| Grey lungs and blue moods: smoking cessation in the context of lifetime depression history. | Wilhelm K et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Increased mortality in depressive disorders: a review. | Cuijpers P et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Influences of mood, depression history, and treatment modality on outcomes in smoking cessation. | Haas AL et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Interacting effects of genetic predisposition and depression on adolescent smoking progression. | Audrain-McGovern J et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Major depression among adolescent smokers undergoing treatment for nicotine dependence. | Killen JD et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Measuring impulsivity and modeling its association with cigarette smoking. | Mitchell SH | β | 2004 | β |
| Measuring the emergence of tobacco dependence: the contribution of negative reinforcement models. | Eissenberg T | β | 2004 | β |
| Nicotine withdrawal induces subsensitivity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to stress in rats: implications for precipitation of depression during smoking cessation. | Semba J et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Psychiatric disorders and stages of smoking. | Breslau N et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Smoking and depressive symptoms among children ages 11 to 16 years. | BecoΓ±a E et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Smoking and depressive symptoms in Chinese elderly in Hong Kong. | Lam TH et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Suicide attempt and n-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cells: a case control study in China. | Huan M et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Adolescent twins discordant for major depressive disorder: shared familial liability to externalizing and other internalizing disorders. | Burcusa SL et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Assessment and diagnosis of nicotine dependence in mental health settings. | Peterson AL et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Benefits and risks of pharmacological smoking cessation therapies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | Wagena EJ et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Cigarette smoking, life stress, and behavioral problems in Chinese adolescents. | Liu X | β | 2003 | β |
| Cigarette smoking, suicidal behavior, and serotonin function in major psychiatric disorders. | Malone KM et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| History of depression and smoking cessation outcome: a meta-analysis. | Hitsman B et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Neurobiology of suicidal behaviour. | Mann JJ | β | 2003 | β |
| Prolonged nicotine patch use in quitters with past abstinence-induced depressed mood. | Pomerleau OF et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Relationship of tobacco use to depressive disorders and suicidality among patients treated for alcohol dependence. | Patten CA et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Smoking patterns, symptoms of PTSD and depression: preliminary findings from a sample of severely battered women. | Weaver TL et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Smoking, stress, and negative affect: correlation, causation, and context across stages of smoking. | Kassel JD et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| The effects of depressed mood on smoking cessation: mediation by postcessation self-efficacy. | Cinciripini PM et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Tobacco smoking: current concepts in etiology and treatment. | Patkar AA et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Treatment of tobacco dependence in alcoholics. | Hurt RD et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| A current perspective of suicide and attempted suicide. | Mann JJ | β | 2002 | β |
| Cigarette smoking and psychiatric comorbidity in children and adolescents. | Upadhyaya HP et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Current approaches to the management of smoking cessation. | Sutherland G | β | 2002 | β |
| Depression and smoking during pregnancy. | Zhu SH et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Developmental trajectories of cigarette use from early adolescence into young adulthood. | White HR et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Effects of cocaine/polydrug exposure and maternal psychological distress on infant birth outcomes. | Singer LT et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Examination of the temporal relationship between smoking and major depressive disorder among low-income women in public primary care clinics. | Scarinci IC et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy and severe antisocial behavior in offspring: a review. | Wakschlag LS et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Negative affect combines with smoking outcome expectancies to predict smoking behavior over time. | Cohen LM et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Neuroadaptations to chronic exposure to drugs of abuse: relevance to depressive symptomatology seen across psychiatric diagnostic categories. | Markou A et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Prevalence of smoking in psychiatric patients. | Poirier MF et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Smoking and depression: an examination of mechanisms of comorbidity. | Dierker LC et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Stopping smoking: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study comparing nortriptyline to placebo. | da Costa CL et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Tobacco use by Indian adolescents. | Chadda R et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Adolescent depression: a review. | Parker G et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Behavioral risk factors among members of a health maintenance organization. | Rosal MC et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Depression and smoking: examining correlates in a subset of depressed patients. | Roy K et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Development and validation of a multidimensional smoking behaviour questionnaire. | Gilliard J et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| General relations among drug use, alcohol use, and major indexes of psychopathology. | Mehrabian A | β | 2001 | β |
| Intervention and policy issues related to children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. | Emmons KM et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Nicotine dependence, depression, and the moderating role of goal cognitions. | Ong AD et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Smoking and mental health: cross-sectional and cohort studies in an occupational setting in Japan. | Mino Y et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Addictive behaviors and depression among African Americans residing in a public housing community. | Williams CD et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Cigarettes and suicide: a prospective study of 50,000 men. | Miller M et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Depression and smoking cessation: the role of motivation and self-efficacy. | Haukkala A et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Dissociation of physical abstinence signs from changes in extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens and in the prefrontal cortex of nicotine dependent rats. | Carboni E et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Interaction between the serotonin transporter gene and neuroticism in cigarette smoking behavior. | Hu S et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Neuronal nicotinic receptors in the human brain. | Paterson D et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Occupational risk factors for ill health in Gulf veterans of the United Kingdom. | Ismail K et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Parental modeling and parenting behavior effects on offspring alcohol and cigarette use. A growth curve analysis. | White HR et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Predicting smoking cessation and major depression in nicotine-dependent smokers. | Breslau N et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Suicide attempts in a sample of patients from a general hospital. | Borges G et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| The association between depressive symptoms and cigarette smoking in an urban primary care sample. | Brown C et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| The effects of nicotine on neural pathways implicated in depression: a factor in nicotine addiction? | Balfour DJ et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| ADVANCES AND REDIRECTIONS IN UNDERSTANDING EFFECTS OF FETAL DRUG EXPOSURE. | Singer LT | β | 1999 | β |
| An educational intervention using the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research Depression Guidelines among internal medicine residents. | Kick SD | β | 1999 | β |
| A review of the effects of nicotine on schizophrenia and antipsychotic medications. | Lyon ER | β | 1999 | β |
| Are we dependent upon coffee and caffeine? A review on human and animal data. | Nehlig A | β | 1999 | β |
| Cigarette smoking. | Bergen AW et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| History and symptoms of depression among smokers during a self-initiated quit attempt. | Niaura R et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Nicotine addiction. | Benowitz NL | β | 1999 | β |
| Parallels to early onset alcohol use in the relationship of early onset smoking with drug use and DSM-IV drug and depressive disorders: findings from the National Longitudinal Epidemiologic Survey. | Hanna EZ et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Pathways linking major depression and immunity in ambulatory female patients. | Miller GE et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Psychological interventions: state of the art. | Hall SM | β | 1999 | β |
| Relationship of ADHD, depression, and non-tobacco substance use disorders to nicotine dependence in substance-dependent delinquents. | Riggs PD et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Response to nicotine dependence treatment in smokers with current and past alcohol problems. | Hays JT et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Risk factors for rape, physical assault, and posttraumatic stress disorder in women: examination of differential multivariate relationships. | Acierno R et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Smoking and anxiety in combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder: a review. | Beckham JC | β | 1999 | β |
| Smoking and drinking habits in adolescence--links with psychiatric disturbance at the age of 8 years. | Ebeling H et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| The biology of nicotine dependence: from the 1988 Surgeon General's Report to the present and into the future. | Benowitz NL | β | 1999 | β |
| Tobacco cessation among patients with depression. | Covey LS | β | 1999 | β |
| Tobacco smoking and depressed mood in late childhood and early adolescence. | Wu LT et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Case-control study of the D2 dopamine receptor gene and smoking status in lung cancer patients. | Spitz MR et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Common aspects of the action of nicotine and other drugs of abuse. | Picciotto MR | β | 1998 | β |
| Effect of nicotine use and withdrawal on brain preproenkephalin A mRNA. | Houdi AA et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Gender differences in the pharmacology of nicotine addiction. | Benowitz NL et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Personality, smoking and suicide: a prospective study. | Angst J et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Psychosocial factors, dental plaque levels and smoking in periodontitis patients. | Monteiro da Silva AM et al. | β | 1998 | β |
| Tobacco consumption and national rates of personal violence (suicide and homicide) | Lester D | β | 1998 | β |
| ADHD is associated with early initiation of cigarette smoking in children and adolescents. | Milberger S et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Carnitine for valproic acid-induced hyperammonemia. | Raby WN | β | 1997 | β |
| Cognitive coping, history of depression, and cigarette smoking. | Rabois D et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Depression in Finland: a computer assisted telephone interview study. | IsometsΓ€ E et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Further evidence of an association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and cigarette smoking. Findings from a high-risk sample of siblings. | Milberger S et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Health impact of interpersonal violence. 2: Medical and mental health outcomes. | Resnick HS et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Increased levels of the nicotine metabolite cotinine in schizophrenic smokers compared to other smokers. | Olincy A et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Koro and homicidal behavior. | Lewis CF et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Lamotrigine treatment of rapid cycling bipolar disorder. | Kusumakar V et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Metronidazole-induced psychotic disorder. | Schreiber W et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Neuroleptics and bone mineral density. | al-Adwani A | β | 1997 | β |
| Physician-assisted suicide and abortion. | Dobscha SK | β | 1997 | β |
| Risperidone treatment of methamphetamine psychosis. | Misra L et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Ritual handwashing. | Lewis RA | β | 1997 | β |
| Smoking among suicide attempters. | Beratis S et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Tobacco addiction: implications for treatment and cancer prevention. | Cinciripini PM et al. | β | 1997 | β |
| Brain monoamine oxidase A inhibition in cigarette smokers. | Fowler JS et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Can psychiatric and chemical dependency treatment units be smoke free? | Patten CA et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Cigarette smoking, major depression, and other psychiatric disorders among adolescents. | Brown RA et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Clinical implications and management strategies when depression occurs during pregnancy. | Coverdale JH et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Integrating individual and public health perspectives for treatment of tobacco dependence under managed health care: a combined stepped-care and matching model. | Abrams DB et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Investigation of mechanisms linking depressed mood to nicotine dependence. | Lerman C et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Is smoking associated with depression and anxiety in teenagers? | Patton GC et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Nicotine dependence and depression among methadone maintenance patients. | Meyer TJ et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Pharmacology of nicotine and its therapeutic use in smoking cessation and neurodegenerative disorders. | Balfour DJ et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Prevention of lung cancer: the key is to stop smoking. | Risser NL | β | 1996 | β |
| Seasons and depression: the influence of cigarette smoking. | D'Mello DA et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Smoking cessation in young adults: age at initiation of cigarette smoking and other suspected influences. | Breslau N et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| The impact of depression on smoking cessation in women. | Borrelli B et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| The latent dimensionality of DIS/DSM-III-R nicotine dependence: exploratory analyses. | Johnson EO et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| Violent assault, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression. Risk factors for cigarette use among adult women. | Acierno RA et al. | β | 1996 | β |
| A reversible monoamine oxidase A inhibitor (moclobemide) facilitates smoking cessation and abstinence in heavy, dependent smokers. | Berlin I et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Cigarette smoking during pregnancy. | Stewart DE et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Maternal smoking among blacks and whites. | Andreski P et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Monoamine oxidase A and B activities in heavy smokers. | Berlin I et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Quality and customers: Type 2 change in mental health delivery within health care reform. | Quirk MP et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Smoking in Vietnam combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. | Beckham JC et al. | β | 1995 | β |
| Are adolescents changed by an episode of major depression? | Rohde P et al. | β | 1994 | β |
| Depressive symptomatology and smoking among persons with diabetes. | Haire-Joshu D et al. | β | 1994 | β |
| DSM-III-R nicotine dependence in young adults: prevalence, correlates and associated psychiatric disorders. | Breslau N et al. | β | 1994 | β |
| Nicotine dependence and schizophrenia. | Ziedonis DM et al. | β | 1994 | β |
| The motivational correlates of drinking, smoking, and illicit drug use during pregnancy. | Hanna EZ et al. | β | 1994 | β |
| Cigarette smoking and psychiatric morbidity in women. | Romans SE et al. | β | 1993 | β |
| Smoking, depression, and suicide. | Shaffer D | β | 1993 | β |