The associations of clinicians' implicit attitudes about race with medical visit communication and patient ratings of interpersonal care.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Cooper, Lisa A; Roter, Debra L; Carson, Kathryn A; Beach, Mary Catherine; Sabin, Janice A; Greenwald, Anthony G; Inui, Thomas S
- Year
- 2012
- Journal
- American journal of public health
- PMID
- 22420787
- DOI
- 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300558
- PMCID
- PMC3483913
OBJECTIVES: We examined the associations of clinicians' implicit attitudes about race with visit communication and patient ratings of care. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of 40 primary care clinicians and 269 patients in urban community-based practices, we measured clinicians' implicit general race bias and race and compliance stereotyping with 2 implicit association tests and related them to audiotape measures of visit communication and patient ratings. RESULTS: Among Black patients, general race bias was associated with more clinician verbal dominance, lower patient positive affect, and poorer ratings of interpersonal care; race and compliance stereotyping was associated with longer visits, slower speech, less patient centeredness, and poorer ratings of interpersonal care. Among White patients, bias was associated with more verbal dominance and better ratings of interpersonal care; race and compliance stereotyping was associated with less verbal dominance, shorter visits, faster speech, more patient centeredness, higher clinician positive affect, and lower ratings of some aspects of interpersonal care. CONCLUSIONS: Clinician implicit race bias and race and compliance stereotyping are associated with markers of poor visit communication and poor ratings of care, particularly among Black patients.
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| Title | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|
| Post-GWAS in Psychiatric Genetics: A Developmental Perspective on the "Other" Next Steps. | 2018 | 29227573 |
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| Color-Blind and Multicultural Strategies in Medical Settings. | West TV et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Comparison of Physician Implicit Racial Bias Toward Adults Versus Children. | Johnson TJ et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Contagious Anxiety: Anxious European Americans Can Transmit Their Physiological Reactivity to African Americans. | West TV et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Culture and nonverbal expressions of empathy in clinical settings: A systematic review. | Lorié Á et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Culture, Communication, and DSM-5 Diagnostic Reliability. | Aggarwal NK | — | 2017 | → |
| Delivery of Community-Based Care Through Inter-professional Teams in Brazil's Unified Health System (UHS): Comparing Perceptions Across Community Health Agents (CHAs), Nurses and Physicians. | Rahman R et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Distortion in time perception as a result of concern about appearing biased. | Moskowitz GB et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Doing More About Health Care Disparities: Moving Past Description to Action. | Harper MB | — | 2017 | → |
| Do Patients and Oncologists Discuss the Cost of Cancer Treatment? An Observational Study of Clinical Interactions Between African American Patients and Their Oncologists. | Hamel LM et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Engaging Patients in Decision-Making and Behavior Change to Promote Prevention. | Krist AH et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Healthcare Providers' Formative Experiences with Race and Black Male Patients in Urban Hospital Environments. | Plaisime MV et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| I care, even after the first impression: Facial appearance-based evaluations in healthcare context. | Mattarozzi K et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: a systematic review. | FitzGerald C et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Implicit Bias in Pediatric Academic Medicine. | Johnson TJ et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Implicit Gender Bias and the Use of Cardiovascular Tests Among Cardiologists. | Daugherty SL et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Intensity of exposure to a patient activation intervention and patient engagement in medical visit communication. | Ibe C et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Medicaid insurance as primary payer predicts increased mortality after total hip replacement in the state inpatient databases of California, Florida and New York. | Xu HF et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Medical School Factors Associated with Changes in Implicit and Explicit Bias Against Gay and Lesbian People among 3492 Graduating Medical Students. | Phelan SM et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Partnering around cancer clinical trials (PACCT): study protocol for a randomized trial of a patient and physician communication intervention to increase minority accrual to prostate cancer clinical trials. | Eggly S et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Physician Racial Bias and Word Use during Racially Discordant Medical Interactions. | Hagiwara N et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Prenatal attitudes toward vaginal delivery and actual delivery mode: Variation by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. | Attanasio LB et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Providing prenatal care to pregnant women with overweight or obesity: Differences in provider communication and ratings of the patient-provider relationship by patient body weight. | Washington Cole KO et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Racial And Ethnic Disparities Persist At Veterans Health Administration Patient-Centered Medical Homes. | Washington DL et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Racial and Ethnic Variation in Perceptions of VA Mental Health Providers are Associated With Treatment Retention Among Veterans With PTSD. | Spoont M et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Racial injustice and family planning: an open letter to our community. | Mengesha B et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Teaching Strategies to Increase Nursing Student Acceptance and Management of Unconscious Bias. | Schultz PL et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| The strangest of all encounters: racial and ethnic discrimination in US health care. | James SA | — | 2017 | → |
| What is the key to culturally competent care: Reducing bias or cultural tailoring? | Cuevas AG et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| African Americans Have Better Outcomes for Five Common Gastrointestinal Diagnoses in Hospitals With More Racially Diverse Patients. | Okafor PN et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Avoiding Unintended Bias: Strategies for Providing More Equitable Health Care. | Van Ryn M | — | 2016 | → |
| Barriers to Clinical Trial Enrollment in Racial and Ethnic Minority Patients With Cancer. | Hamel LM et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Bioethicists Can and Should Contribute to Addressing Racism. | Danis M et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Cervical Cancer Screening Among Homeless Women of New York City Shelters. | Asgary R et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Clinical decision making regarding suicide risk: Effect of patient and clinician age. | Berman NC et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Clinician descriptions of communication strategies to improve treatment engagement by racial/ethnic minorities in mental health services: A systematic review. | Aggarwal NK et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Disparities in perceived patient-provider communication quality in the United States: Trends and correlates. | Spooner KK et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Equitable Imagery in the Preclinical Medical School Curriculum: Findings From One Medical School. | Martin GC et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Examining the Presence, Consequences, and Reduction of Implicit Bias in Health Care: A Narrative Review. | Zestcott CA et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| From understanding to action: interventions for surgical disparities. | Hisam B et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| ICAT: a simple score predicting critical care needs after thrombolysis in stroke patients. | Faigle R et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Our Capacity to Care. | Cunningham BA | — | 2016 | → |
| Parent Satisfaction With Communication Is Associated With Physician's Patient-Centered Communication Patterns During Family Conferences. | October TW et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Patient Perceptions of Telephone vs. In-Person BRCA1/BRCA2 Genetic Counseling. | Peshkin BN et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Psychometrics of shared decision making and communication as patient centered measures for two language groups. | Alvarez K et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Quality of Health Care. | Fiscella K et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Racial differences in parental satisfaction with neonatal intensive care unit nursing care. | Martin AE et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Rates and Predictors of Uncontrolled Hypertension Among Hypertensive Homeless Adults Using New York City Shelter-Based Clinics. | Asgary R et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Shared Goal Setting in Team-Based Geriatric Oncology. | Magnuson A et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| The Effects of Oncologist Implicit Racial Bias in Racially Discordant Oncology Interactions. | Penner LA et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| The effects of racial attitudes on affect and engagement in racially discordant medical interactions between non-Black physicians and Black patients. | Hagiwara N et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| The Impact of Cognitive Stressors in the Emergency Department on Physician Implicit Racial Bias. | Johnson TJ et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| The Role of Bias by Emergency Department Providers in Care for American Indian Children. | Puumala SE et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Variation in advanced imaging for pediatric patients with abdominal pain discharged from the ED. | Horner KB et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Ward Climate Within a High Secure Forensic Psychiatric Hospital: Perceptions of Patients and Nursing Staff and the Role of Patient Characteristics. | de Vries MG et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| A disparity of words: racial differences in oncologist-patient communication about clinical trials. | Eggly S et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| American Indians' response to physical pain: functional limitations and help-seeking behaviors. | Cross SL et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Are nurses prepared to care for Black American patients in pain? | Booker SQ | — | 2015 | → |
| Child Health Disparities: What Can a Clinician Do? | Cheng TL et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Clinicians' Implicit and Explicit Attitudes about Weight and Race and Treatment Approaches to Overweight for American Indian Children. | Sabin JA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Disparity in rehabilitation: another inconvenient truth. | Jaffe KM et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Do Contact and Empathy Mitigate Bias Against Gay and Lesbian People Among Heterosexual First-Year Medical Students? A Report From the Medical Student CHANGE Study. | Burke SE et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Effect of Patient and Therapist Factors on Suicide Risk Assessment. | Berman NC et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Empowering Women's Prenatal Communication: Does Literacy Matter? | Roter DL et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Examining implicit bias of physicians who care for individuals with spinal cord injury: A pilot study and future directions. | Hausmann LR et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Genetic counselors' implicit racial attitudes and their relationship to communication. | Schaa KL et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Health Care Providers' Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Lesbian Women and Gay Men. | Sabin JA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Human Papillomavirus Knowledge and Attitude among Homeless Women of New York City Shelters. | Asgary R et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Impact of weight bias and stigma on quality of care and outcomes for patients with obesity. | Phelan SM et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Implicit Racial/Ethnic Bias Among Health Care Professionals and Its Influence on Health Care Outcomes: A Systematic Review. | Hall WJ et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Improving Health Care for the Future Uninsured in Los Angeles County: A Community-Partnered Dialogue. | Iyer SP et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Medical racism. | Dossey L | — | 2015 | → |
| Medical School Experiences Associated with Change in Implicit Racial Bias Among 3547 Students: A Medical Student CHANGES Study Report. | van Ryn M et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| On Race and Time. | Moskowitz GB et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Perceptions, Attitudes, and Experience Regarding mHealth Among Homeless Persons in New York City Shelters. | Asgary R et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Perceptions on the Psychological Impact of Facial Erythema Associated with Rosacea: Results of International Survey. | Dirschka T et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Perspectives of cancer and cancer screening among homeless adults of New York City shelter-based clinics: a qualitative approach. | Asgary R et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Physician and patient perceptions of cultural competency and medical compliance. | Ohana S et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Practice recommendations for pain assessment by self-report with African American older adults. | Booker SS et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Provider communication quality: influence of patients' weight and race. | Wong MS et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status in research on child health. | Cheng TL et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Racial, gender, and socioeconomic status bias in senior medical student clinical decision-making: a national survey. | Williams RL et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Social Determinants of Risk and Outcomes for Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. | Havranek EP et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| The mixed impact of medical school on medical students' implicit and explicit weight bias. | Phelan SM et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Twelve tips for teaching social determinants of health in medicine. | Martinez IL et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Unconscious Race and Class Biases among Registered Nurses: Vignette-Based Study Using Implicit Association Testing. | Haider AH et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Understanding inequities in home health care outcomes: staff views on agency and system factors. | Davitt JK et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Understanding patients' health and technology attitudes for tailoring self-management interventions. | O'Leary K et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| A brief self-affirmation study to improve the experience of minority patients. | Burgess DJ et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| An investigation of associations between clinicians' ethnic or racial bias and hypertension treatment, medication adherence and blood pressure control. | Blair IV et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| A novel analytical strategy for patient-physician communication research: the one-with-many design. | Hagiwara N et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| A systematic review of the extent and measurement of healthcare provider racism. | Paradies Y et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Breast cancer screening among homeless women of New York City shelter-based clinics. | Asgary R et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Comparison of community health worker-led diabetes medication decision-making support for low-income Latino and African American adults with diabetes using e-health tools versus print materials: a randomized, controlled trial. | Heisler M et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Discrimination based on criminal record and healthcare utilization among men recently released from prison: a descriptive study. | Frank JW et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Engaging the next generation of healthcare professionals in genomics: planning for the future. | Callier SL et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| "Fair Play": A Videogame Designed to Address Implicit Race Bias Through Active Perspective Taking. | Gutierrez B et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Implicit and explicit weight bias in a national sample of 4,732 medical students: the medical student CHANGES study. | Phelan SM et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Implicit bias and its relation to health disparities: a teaching program and survey of medical students. | Gonzalez CM et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Investigating the influence of African American and African Caribbean race on primary care doctors' decision making about depression. | Adams A et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Language concordance, interpersonal care, and diabetes self-care in rural Latino patients. | Detz A et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Pediatric Pulmonologists' Perceptions of Family Socioeconomic Status in Asthma Care. | Johnson SB et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Racial differences in prescription of opioid analgesics for chronic noncancer pain in a national sample of veterans. | Burgess DJ et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Reducing Racial Health Care Disparities: A Social Psychological Analysis. | Penner LA et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Self-Reported Experiences of Discrimination and Cardiovascular Disease. | Lewis TT et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Systemic racism and U.S. health care. | Feagin J et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| The effect of cognitive load and patient race on physicians' decisions to prescribe opioids for chronic low back pain: a randomized trial. | Burgess DJ et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| The impact of race on analgesia use among pediatric emergency department patients. | Rasooly IR et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Unconscious race and class bias: its association with decision making by trauma and acute care surgeons. | Haider AH et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| A circle of unintended effects: a comment on Persky et al. | Blair IV | — | 2013 | → |
| Applying theory across settings, behaviors, and populations: translational challenges and opportunities. | Mermelstein RJ et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| A social psychological approach to improving the outcomes of racially discordant medical interactions. | Penner LA et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Association of race consciousness with the patient-physician relationship, medication adherence, and blood pressure in urban primary care patients. | Brewer LC et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Clinicians' implicit ethnic/racial bias and perceptions of care among Black and Latino patients. | Blair IV et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Counting the lives lost: how many black trauma deaths are attributable to disparities? | Scott VK et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Evidence of nonconscious stereotyping of Hispanic patients by nursing and medical students. | Bean MG et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Making decisions in a complex information environment: evidential preference and information we trust. | Sanders Thompson VL | — | 2013 | → |
| Maximizing the benefits of "we" in race-discordant patient-physician relationships: novel insights raise intriguing questions. | Martin KD et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Patient-clinician ethnic concordance and communication in mental health intake visits. | Alegría M et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Physician communication behaviors and trust among black and white patients with hypertension. | Martin KD et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Physicians and implicit bias: how doctors may unwittingly perpetuate health care disparities. | Chapman EN et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Racial attitudes, physician-patient talk time ratio, and adherence in racially discordant medical interactions. | Hagiwara N et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Racial Healthcare Disparities: A Social Psychological Analysis. | Penner LA et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Racism and Health I: Pathways and Scientific Evidence. | Williams DR et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Sickle cell disease and racism: real or false barriers? | Thompson AA | — | 2013 | → |
| Stigma and racial/ethnic HIV disparities: moving toward resilience. | Earnshaw VA et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| The ELDER expansion project: building cultural competence among long term home care workers. | Lange JW et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Unseen consequences: the uninsured, doctors, and cardiovascular disease. | Havranek EP | — | 2013 | → |
| Implicit and explicit anti-fat bias among a large sample of medical doctors by BMI, race/ethnicity and gender. | Sabin JA et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Research on race/ethnicity and health care discrimination: where we are and where we need to go. | Shavers VL et al. | — | 2012 | → |