No gene is an island: the flip-flop phenomenon.
- Authors
- Lin, Ping-I; Vance, Jeffery M; Pericak-Vance, Margaret A; Martin, Eden R
- Year
- 2007
- Journal
- American journal of human genetics
- PMID
- 17273975
- DOI
- 10.1086/512133
- PMCID
- PMC1821115
An increasing number of publications are replicating a previously reported disease-marker association but with the risk allele reversed from the previous report. Do such "flip-flop" associations confirm or refute the previous association findings? We hypothesized that these associations may indeed be confirmations but that multilocus effects and variation in interlocus correlations contribute to this flip-flop phenomenon. We used theoretical modeling to demonstrate that flip-flop associations can occur when the investigated variant is correlated, through interactive effects or linkage disequilibrium, with a causal variant at another locus, and we show how these findings could explain previous reports of flip-flop associations.
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| Meta-analysis of genetic association studies under heterogeneity. | Neupane B et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Microsatellites in the estrogen receptor (ESR1, ESR2) and androgen receptor (AR) genes and breast cancer risk in African American and Nigerian women. | Zheng Y et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Multicenter cohort association study of SLC2A1 single nucleotide polymorphisms and age-related macular degeneration. | Baas DC et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Neuropeptide Y: a promising candidate in affective disorders. | Domschke K | β | 2012 | β |
| Pharmacogenetics of obsessive-compulsive disorders. | Brandl EJ et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Possible association between OPRM1 genetic variance at the 118 locus and alcohol dependence in a large treatment sample: relationship to alcohol dependence symptoms. | Koller G et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Replication study of multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility alleles and correlation of DNA-variants with disease features in a cohort of Austrian MS patients. | Schmied MC et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Role of CYP1A2 polymorphisms on lung cancer risk in a prospective study. | Pavanello S et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| SNP variants within the vanilloid TRPV1 and TRPV3 receptor genes are associated with migraine in the Spanish population. | CarreΓ±o O et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Support for association of HSPG2 with tardive dyskinesia in Caucasian populations. | Greenbaum L et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The association between complement component 2/complement factor B polymorphisms and age-related macular degeneration: a HuGE review and meta-analysis. | Thakkinstian A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The association of white matter volume in psychotic disorders with genotypic variation in NRG1, MOG and CNP: a voxel-based analysis in affected individuals and their unaffected relatives. | Cannon DM et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The contributions of oxytocin and vasopressin pathway genes to human behavior. | Ebstein RP et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The impact of a Dysbindin schizophrenia susceptibility variant on fiber tract integrity in healthy individuals: a TBSS-based diffusion tensor imaging study. | Nickl-Jockschat T et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The role of SNPs in the Ξ±-chain of the IL-7R gene in CD4+ T-cell recovery in HIV-infected African patients receiving suppressive cART. | Rajasuriar R et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| A case control association study and cognitive function analysis of neuropilin and tolloid-like 1 gene and schizophrenia in the Japanese population. | Banno M et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Adjustment for local ancestry in genetic association analysis of admixed populations. | Wang X et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| A quantitative association study of SLC25A12 and restricted repetitive behavior traits in autism spectrum disorders. | Kim SJ et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| A sibling-augmented case-only approach for assessing multiplicative gene-environment interactions. | Weinberg CR et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Association between CST3 rs2424577 polymorphism and corpulence related phenotypes during lifetime in populations of European ancestry. | Hooton H et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Association of ADH4 genetic variants with alcohol dependence risk and related phenotypes: results from a larger multicenter association study. | Preuss UW et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Association of the catechol-O-methyl transferase gene Val158Met polymorphism with blood pressure and prevalence of hypertension: interaction with dietary energy intake. | Htun NC et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Association of variants in the carnosine peptidase 1 gene (CNDP1) with diabetic nephropathy in American Indians. | Chakkera HA et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Associations between polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and TP53 mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. | Cho S et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Association study of MDR1 and 5-HT2C genetic polymorphisms and antipsychotic-induced metabolic disturbances in female patients with schizophrenia. | Kuzman MR et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Bcl-2 SNP rs956572 associates with disrupted intracellular calcium homeostasis in bipolar I disorder. | Uemura T et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| COMT and age at onset in mood disorders: a replication and extension study. | Massat I et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Convergence of linkage, association and GWAS findings for a candidate region for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia on chromosome 4p. | Christoforou A et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Evolving knowledge of opioid genetics in cancer pain. | Droney J et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Fetal genetic risk of isolated cleft lip only versus isolated cleft lip and palate: a subphenotype analysis using two population-based studies of orofacial clefts in Scandinavia. | Jugessur A et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Genetic analysis of "leucine-rich repeat (LRR) and immunoglobulin (Ig) domain-containing, Nogo receptor-interacting protein-1 (LINGO1)" in two independent Chinese parkinson's disease populations. | Wu YR et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Genetic studies of the etiology of asthma. | Barnes KC | β | 2011 | β |
| Genome-wide association studies of cerebral white matter lesion burden: the CHARGE consortium. | Fornage M et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Genotype-environment interactions and their translational implications. | Baye TM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) null polymorphisms, smoking, and their interaction in oral cancer: a HuGE review and meta-analysis. | Zhang ZJ et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Identification of new schizophrenia susceptibility loci in an ethnically homogeneous, family-based, Arab-Israeli sample. | Alkelai A et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Impact of COX-2 rs5275 and rs20417 and GPIIIa rs5918 polymorphisms on 90-day ischemic stroke functional outcome: a novel finding. | Maguire J et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Importance of the COMT gene for sex differences in brain function and predisposition to psychiatric disorders. | Tunbridge EM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Interaction between COMT haplotypes and cannabis in schizophrenia: a case-only study in two samples from Spain. | Costas J et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Investigation of dyslexia and SLI risk variants in reading- and language-impaired subjects. | Newbury DF et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Large scale association analysis identifies three susceptibility loci for coronary artery disease. | Saade S et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| LINGO1 variants in the French-Canadian population. | Bourassa CV et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| LOC387761 polymorphism is associated with type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population. | GutiΓ©rrez-Vidal R et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Matrix metalloproteinase-9 genetic variation and primary angle closure glaucoma in a Caucasian population. | Awadalla MS et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Multilocus analyses of seven candidate genes suggest interacting pathways for obesity-related traits in Brazilian populations. | Angeli CB et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Pharmacogenetics of antidepressant response. | Keers R et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Polymorphisms associated with normal memory variation also affect memory impairment in schizophrenia. | Jablensky A et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Single nucleotide polymorphisms at the TRAF1/C5 locus are associated with rheumatoid arthritis in a Han Chinese population. | Zhu J et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The AVPR1A gene and substance use disorders: association, replication, and functional evidence. | Maher BS et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The complement control-related genes CSMD1 and CSMD2 associate to schizophrenia. | HΓ₯vik B et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The dopamine D2 receptor gene, perceived parental support, and adolescent loneliness: longitudinal evidence for gene-environment interactions. | van Roekel E et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies. | Thompson JR et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| A coding variant in NLRP1 is associated with autoimmune Addison's disease. | Zurawek M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Allelic heterogeneity in genetic association meta-analysis: an application to DTNBP1 and schizophrenia. | Maher BS et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| A meta-analysis of genome-wide data from five European isolates reveals an association of COL22A1, SYT1, and GABRR2 with serum creatinine level. | Pattaro C et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| An association study of DRD2 gene polymorphisms with schizophrenia in a Chinese Han population. | Fan H et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| APOC1 T45S polymorphism is associated with reduced obesity indices and lower plasma concentrations of leptin and apolipoprotein C-I in aboriginal Canadians. | Lahiry P et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Aspects of observing and claiming allele flips in association studies. | Clarke GM et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Assessment of the neuropeptide S system in anxiety disorders. | Donner J et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association analysis of nine candidate gene polymorphisms in Indian patients with type 2 diabetic retinopathy. | Balasubbu S et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association analysis of the PIP4K2A gene on chromosome 10p12 and schizophrenia in the Irish study of high density schizophrenia families (ISHDSF) and the Irish case-control study of schizophrenia (ICCSS). | Thiselton DL et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association and gene-gene interaction of SLC6A4 and ITGB3 in autism. | Ma DQ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association between chromosome 2p16.3 variants and glaucoma in populations of African descent. | Liu Y et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association of a common AGO1 variant with lung cancer risk: a two-stage case-control study. | Kim JS et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association of AKT1 gene variants and protein expression in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. | Karege F et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association of diabetes susceptibility gene calpain-10 with pancreatic cancer among smokers. | Fong PY et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association study of TRAF1-C5 polymorphisms with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus in Japanese. | Nishimoto K et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Common genetic variation in Neuregulin 3 (NRG3) influences risk for schizophrenia and impacts NRG3 expression in human brain. | Kao WT et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Comprehensive analysis of DNA repair gene polymorphisms and survival in patients with early stage non-small-cell lung cancer. | Kim M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| ELMO1 variants and susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in American Indians. | Hanson RL et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Estrogen receptor polymorphism and its relationship to pathological process. | Alcazar LP et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Evaluation of A2BP1 as an obesity gene. | Ma L et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Further evidence supporting the influence of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on the outcome of bipolar depression: independent effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and harm avoidance. | Mandelli L et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Genetic variants in the RELN gene are associated with otosclerosis in multiple European populations. | Schrauwen I et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Genomewide association studies in allergy and the influence of ethnicity. | Barnes KC | β | 2010 | β |
| Identifying candidate causal variants via trans-population fine-mapping. | Teo YY et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Intermediate phenotypes identify divergent pathways to Alzheimer's disease. | Shulman JM et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| LINGO1 and LINGO2 variants are associated with essential tremor and Parkinson disease. | VilariΓ±o-GΓΌell C et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Multiethnic genetic association studies improve power for locus discovery. | Pulit SL et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Multiple cholinergic nicotinic receptor genes affect nicotine dependence risk in African and European Americans. | Saccone NL et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Parent-child DRD4 genotype as a potential biomarker for oppositional, anxiety, and repetitive behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder. | Gadow KD et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Polymorphisms in MMP9 and SIPA1 are associated with increased risk of nodal metastases in early-stage cervical cancer. | Brooks R et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Polymorphisms in PARP, IL1B, IL4, IL10, C1INH, DEFB1, and DEFA4 in meningococcal disease in three populations. | Emonts M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Predictors of response to intra-articular steroid injection in psoriatic arthritis. | Eder L et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Review and meta-analysis of antidepressant pharmacogenetic findings in major depressive disorder. | Kato M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The role of LTA4H and ALOX5AP genes in the risk for asthma in Latinos. | Via M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Unraveling the complex genetic underpinnings of asthma and allergic disorders. | Swarr DT et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Variants of DENND1B associated with asthma in children. | Sleiman PM et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| A common variant associated with dyslexia reduces expression of the KIAA0319 gene. | Dennis MY et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Assessing the reproducibility of asthma candidate gene associations, using genome-wide data. | Rogers AJ et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Association analysis of dynamin-binding protein (DNMBP) on chromosome 10q with late onset Alzheimer's disease in a large caucasian UK sample. | Morgan AR et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Association between CRHR1 polymorphism and improved lung function in response to inhaled corticosteroid in patients with COPD. | Kim WJ et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Association between synapsin III gene promoter SNPs and multiple sclerosis in Basque patients. | Otaegui D et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Association of COMT (Val158Met) and BDNF (Val66Met) gene polymorphisms with anxiety, ADHD and tics in children with autism spectrum disorder. | Gadow KD et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Association of the 5'-upstream regulatory region of the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit gene (CHRNA7) with schizophrenia. | Stephens SH et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Association of the adrenergic alpha 2a receptor--1291C/G polymorphism with weight change and treatment response to mirtazapine in patients with major depressive disorder. | Lee HY et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Association of the alpha 2A adrenergic receptor -1291C/G polymorphism and antipsychotic-induced weight gain in European-Americans. | Sickert L et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Association of VEGF polymorphisms with childhood asthma, lung function and airway responsiveness. | Sharma S et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Association of X-box binding protein 1 ( XBP1) genotype with morning cortisol and 1-year clinical course after a major depressive episode. | Grunebaum MF et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Associations between the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) and affect, loneliness and intelligence in normal subjects. | Lucht MJ et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Association studies of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene with schizophrenia and response to antipsychotic treatment. | Gupta M et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| CMIP and ATP2C2 modulate phonological short-term memory in language impairment. | Newbury DF et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| CYP1A1/2 haplotypes and lung cancer and assessment of confounding by population stratification. | Aldrich MC et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Discovery properties of genome-wide association signals from cumulatively combined data sets. | Pereira TV et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Gene association studies in acute lung injury: replication and future direction. | Gong MN | β | 2009 | β |
| Genes, cognition, and communication: insights from neurodevelopmental disorders. | Bishop DV | β | 2009 | β |
| Genetic contributions to clinical pain and analgesia: avoiding pitfalls in genetic research. | Kim H et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Genetic variation in the familial Mediterranean fever gene (MEFV) and risk for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. | Villani AC et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Genetic variation in the hypothalamic pathways and its role on obesity. | van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Genome-wide analysis of survival in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. | Huang YT et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Genome-wide association studies for atherosclerotic vascular disease and its risk factors. | Ding K et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Haplotype associations with quantitative traits in the presence of complex multilocus and heterogeneous effects. | Shibata K et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| High-density association study of 383 candidate genes for volumetric BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine among older men. | Yerges LM et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Neuregulin 1 and age of onset in the major psychoses. | Voineskos D et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| No evidence for association between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and otosclerosis in a large Belgian-Dutch population. | Schrauwen I et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| On the analysis of genome-wide association studies in family-based designs: a universal, robust analysis approach and an application to four genome-wide association studies. | Won S et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Opposite gene by environment interactions in Karelia for CD14 and CC16 single nucleotide polymorphisms and allergy. | Zhang G et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| PepT1 oligopeptide transporter (SLC15A1) gene polymorphism in inflammatory bowel disease. | Zucchelli M et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Polymorphisms in telomere maintenance genes and risk of lung cancer. | Choi JE et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Power consequences of linkage disequilibrium variation between populations. | Teo YY et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| PPARΞ³2 polymorphism and human health. | He W | β | 2009 | β |
| Preliminary genome-wide association study of bipolar disorder in the Japanese population. | Hattori E et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Recent advances in genetic predisposition to clinical acute lung injury. | Gao L et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Replication in genome-wide association studies. | Kraft P et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Replication of genetic associations as pseudoreplication due to shared genealogy. | Rosenberg NA et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Replication of genetic associations with plasma lipoprotein traits in a multiethnic sample. | Lanktree MB et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| SOD2 gene polymorphisms in neovascular age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. | Kondo N et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Support for tryptophan hydroxylase-2 as a susceptibility gene for bipolar affective disorder. | Roche S et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The dystrobrevin binding protein 1 (DTNBP1) gene is associated with schizophrenia in the Irish Case Control Study of Schizophrenia (ICCSS) sample. | Riley B et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The quality of meta-analyses of genetic association studies: a review with recommendations. | Minelli C et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The trace amine associated receptor (TAAR6) gene is not associated with schizophrenia in the Irish Case-Control Study of Schizophrenia (ICCSS) sample. | Vladimirov VI et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Transferability and fine-mapping of genome-wide associated loci for adult height across human populations. | Shriner D et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| TRPM2 variants and bipolar disorder risk: confirmation in a family-based association study. | Xu C et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Variation in the COMT gene: implications for pain perception and pain treatment. | Andersen S et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| ABCB1 (MDR1) gene polymorphisms are associated with the clinical response to paroxetine in patients with major depressive disorder. | Kato M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Adrenal gland tumorigenesis after gonadectomy in mice is a complex genetic trait driven by epistatic loci. | Bernichtein S et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| A family-based association study of the myelin-associated glycoprotein and 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase genes with schizophrenia. | Voineskos AN et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| AKT1 is associated with schizophrenia across multiple symptom dimensions in the Irish study of high density schizophrenia families. | Thiselton DL et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Analysis of heterogeneity and epistasis in physiological mixed populations by combined structural equation modelling and latent class analysis. | Fenger M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Association of ADH and ALDH genes with alcohol dependence in the Irish Affected Sib Pair Study of alcohol dependence (IASPSAD) sample. | Kuo PH et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Association of bone morphogenetic proteins with otosclerosis. | Schrauwen I et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Association of GSK3B with Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal dementia. | Schaffer BA et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Association of interleukin-23 receptor variants with ankylosing spondylitis. | Rahman P et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Association of polymorphisms in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene with syndromal panic attacks. | Erhardt A et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| A variant of the IL4 I50V single-nucleotide polymorphism is associated with erosive joint disease in psoriatic arthritis. | Rahman P et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Biological and genetic interaction between tenascin C and neuropeptide S receptor 1 in allergic diseases. | Orsmark-Pietras C et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT): a gene contributing to sex differences in brain function, and to sexual dimorphism in the predisposition to psychiatric disorders. | Harrison PJ et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Clock genes may influence bipolar disorder susceptibility and dysfunctional circadian rhythm. | Shi J et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Confirmation of the genetic association between the U2AF homology motif (UHM) kinase 1 (UHMK1) gene and schizophrenia on chromosome 1q23.3. | Puri V et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Correlation of population parameters leading to power differences in association studies with population stratification. | He Y et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Estrogen receptor 1 gene polymorphisms in premenopausal women: interaction between genotype and smoking on lipid levels. | Almeida S et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Evaluation of the potential excess of statistically significant findings in published genetic association studies: application to Alzheimer's disease. | Kavvoura FK et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Folate and one-carbon metabolism gene polymorphisms and their associations with oral facial clefts. | Boyles AL et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Further evidence of association between two NET single-nucleotide polymorphisms with ADHD. | Kim JW et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Further examination of the candidate genes in chromosome 12p13 locus for late-onset Alzheimer disease. | Lee JH et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Genetic flip-flop without an accompanying change in linkage disequilibrium. | Zaykin DV et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Genetics of restless legs syndrome. | Winkelmann J | β | 2008 | β |
| Genetic variants within the LPIN1 gene, encoding lipin, are influencing phenotypes of the metabolic syndrome in humans. | Wiedmann S et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Genetic variation in AKT1 is linked to dopamine-associated prefrontal cortical structure and function in humans. | Tan HY et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Genetic variation in a member of the laminin gene family affects variation in body composition in Drosophila and humans. | De Luca M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Genetic variation of the FAT gene at 4q35 is associated with bipolar affective disorder. | Abou Jamra R et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Heterogeneous association between engrailed-2 and autism in the CPEA network. | Brune CW et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Meta-analysis of two genome-wide association studies of bipolar disorder reveals important points of agreement. | Baum AE et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Nitric oxide synthase genes and their interactions with environmental factors in Parkinson's disease. | Hancock DB et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Polymorphisms in IL12A and cockroach allergy in children with asthma. | Pistiner M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Response to Zaykin and Shibata | Lin P et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Serotonin receptor 1A-1019C/G variant: impact on antidepressant pharmacoresponse in melancholic depression? | Baune BT et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Sex hormone receptor gene variation associated with phenotype in male hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients. | Lind JM et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| SNP-specific extraction of haplotype-resolved targeted genomic regions. | Dapprich J et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Strong signature of natural selection within an FHIT intron implicated in prostate cancer risk. | Ding Y et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Study designs for genome-wide association studies. | Kraft P et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Support for neuregulin 1 as a susceptibility gene for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. | Georgieva L et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Testing replication of a 5-SNP set for general cognitive ability in six population samples. | Luciano M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Two polymorphisms in NEDD4L gene and essential hypertension in Chinese Hans - a population-based case-control study. | Wen H et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Variants in the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS, NOS1) gene are associated with restless legs syndrome. | Winkelmann J et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| A haplotype spanning KIAA0319 and TTRAP is associated with normal variation in reading and spelling ability. | Luciano M et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Association between germline variation in the FHIT gene and prostate cancer in Caucasians and African Americans. | Levin AM et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Association between variations in CAT and noise-induced hearing loss in two independent noise-exposed populations. | Konings A et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Association of the SLC1A1 glutamate transporter gene and obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Stewart SE et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Comprehensive testing of positionally cloned asthma genes in two populations. | Hersh CP et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Genetic architecture of human pain perception. | Diatchenko L et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Genetic association studies of cancer: where do we go from here? | Rebbeck TR et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Genome-wide association study for Crohn's disease in the Quebec Founder Population identifies multiple validated disease loci. | Raelson JV et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Is COMT a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia? | Williams HJ et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Obesity and polymorphisms in genes regulating human adipose tissue. | Dahlman I et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| The first genomewide interaction and locus-heterogeneity linkage scan in bipolar affective disorder: strong evidence of epistatic effects between loci on chromosomes 2q and 6q. | Abou Jamra R et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Transcription factor 7-like 2 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes, glucose homeostasis traits and gene expression in US participants of European and African descent. | Elbein SC et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| USF1 gene variants, cardiovascular risk, and mortality in European Americans: analysis of two US cohort studies. | Reiner AP et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Variants in the plasmacytoma variant translocation gene (PVT1) are associated with end-stage renal disease attributed to type 1 diabetes. | Millis MP et al. | β | 2007 | β |