Smokers deprived of cigarettes for 72 h: effect of nicotine patches on craving and withdrawal.
- Authors
- Teneggi, Vincenzo; Tiffany, Stephen T; Squassante, Lisa; Milleri, Stefano; Ziviani, Luigi; Bye, Alan
- Year
- 2002
- Journal
- Psychopharmacology
- PMID
- 12404080
- DOI
- 10.1007/s00213-002-1176-1
RATIONALE: Research on the effects of nicotine abstinence and nicotine replacement has not provided consistent information about the impact of replacement therapies on tobacco withdrawal and craving. OBJECTIVE: . This study investigated craving and withdrawal symptoms over a 72-h period of abstinence from cigarettes. METHODS: . Twenty-four healthy volunteers, not intending to quit smoking, were housed in an experimental unit during three 72-h conditions, consisting of either free smoking, enforced smoking cessation with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) patches, or enforced smoking cessation with placebo patches. The conditions were adhered to using a randomized crossover design, each separated by at least 10 days of washout. Patches, administered in a double-blind fashion, were given as nicotine (21 mg/24 h) and placebo every 24 h. Self-reported cigarette craving and withdrawal were assessed using multi-item scales at fixed intervals over each condition period. Urinary and plasma cortisol levels were also assayed at fixed intervals over each period. RESULTS: Craving intensity was significantly lower with free smoke than with placebo and with NRT patches than with placebo. No difference in craving levels was found between those who smoked or those who had NRT patches. Withdrawal symptoms were significantly lower with free smoke than with either placebo or NRT patches, but there was no difference in levels of withdrawal between those on NRT patches and those on placebo. During the placebo and NRT patch periods, craving intensity displayed a circadian rhythm, with craving levels lowest in the morning and peaking in the evening. Nicotine delivered via the patch had no impact on these circadian variations in craving. There was no evidence of systematic temporal variations in craving levels during the free smoking period. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggested that craving and withdrawal symptoms may be sustained by different physiological pathways, and that only selected components of cigarette craving are influenced by NRT.
No figures extracted from this document.
No chunks β full text not yet ingested.
No entities extracted from this document yet.
No uploaded files.
No citations found.
In this knowledge base
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The effect of chronotypes on follow-up outcomes of patients with substance use disorder. | Ciner OA et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| A novel stress-based intervention reduces cigarette use in non-treatment seeking smokers. | Barnabe A et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| The 2022 Ferno Award Address: CrEATE, an Efficient Crossover Evaluation of Addiction Treatment Efficacy. | Perkins KA | β | 2023 | β |
| The 24-hour rhythm in alcohol craving and individual differences in sleep characteristics and alcohol use frequency. | Hisler GC et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Decreased 11Ξ²-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 Expression in the Kidney May Contribute to Nicotine/Smoking-Induced Blood Pressure Elevation in Mice. | Wang Y et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Is there a 24-hour rhythm in alcohol craving and does it vary by sleep/circadian timing? | Hisler GC et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Combination Lorcaserin and Nicotine Patch for Smoking Cessation Without Weight Gain. | Rose JE et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| The development and validation of a human screening model of tobacco abstinence. | Grabski M et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Effects of Nicotine Metabolic Rate on Withdrawal Symptoms and Response to Cigarette Smoking After Abstinence. | Liakoni E et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Use Behaviors, Dependence, and Nicotine Exposure Associated with <i>Ad Libitum</i> Cigar Smoking. | Claus ED et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| A protocadherin gene cluster regulatory variant is associated with nicotine withdrawal and the urge to smoke. | Jensen KP et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Circadian Rhythms and Substance Abuse: Chronobiological Considerations for the Treatment of Addiction. | Webb IC | β | 2017 | β |
| Factor Analysis and Psychometric Properties of the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale and the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale-Revised: Italian Version. | Svicher A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| The Smoking Abstinence Expectancies Questionnaire-Italian Version: Analysis of psychometric properties. | Svicher A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Examining Smoking Dependence Motives among African American Light Smokers. | Bronars CA et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Modeling naturalistic craving, withdrawal, and affect during early nicotine abstinence: A pilot ecological momentary assessment study. | Bujarski S et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Withdrawal: Expanding a Key Addiction Construct. | Piper ME | β | 2015 | β |
| An efficient early phase 2 procedure to screen medications for efficacy in smoking cessation. | Perkins KA et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Cortisol levels decrease after acute tobacco abstinence in regular smokers. | Wong JA et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Alcohol consumption and urges to smoke among women during a smoking cessation attempt. | Businelle MS et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Brief psycho-education affects circadian variability in nicotine craving during cessation. | Nosen E et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Impact of varenicline on cue-specific craving assessed in the natural environment among treatment-seeking smokers. | Gass JC et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Transitions in smoking behaviour and the design of cessation schemes. | Grasman J et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| A randomised placebo-controlled trial of oral hydrocortisone for treating tobacco withdrawal symptoms. | Ussher M et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Early human screening of medications to treat drug addiction: novel paradigms and the relevance of pharmacogenetics. | Perkins KA et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Predictors of short-term success in smoking cessation in relation to attendance at a smoking cessation program. | Dorner TE et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Within-day temporal patterns of smoking, withdrawal symptoms, and craving. | Chandra S et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Adrenocortical and pituitary glucocorticoid feedback in abstinent alcohol-dependent women. | Adinoff B et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Effects of the alpha4beta2 partial agonist varenicline on brain activity and working memory in abstinent smokers. | Loughead J et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The impact of cigarette deprivation and cigarette availability on cue-reactivity in smokers. | Bailey SR et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| First cigarette on waking and time of day as predictors of puffing behaviour in UK adult smokers. | Grainge MJ et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Severity of tobacco abstinence symptoms varies by time of day. | Perkins KA et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The relevance and treatment of cue-induced cravings in tobacco dependence. | Ferguson SG et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Varenicline and bupropion sustained-release combination therapy for smoking cessation. | Ebbert JO et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Varenicline improves mood and cognition during smoking abstinence. | Patterson F et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Development of procedures for early screening of smoking cessation medications in humans. | Perkins KA et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Multimodal techniques for smoking cessation: a review of their efficacy and utilisation and clinical practice guidelines. | Reus VI et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| The effect of a nicotine patch on cigarette craving over the course of the day: results from two randomized clinical trials. | Shiffman S et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Bupropion SR for the treatment of smokeless tobacco use. | Dale LC et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Confirmatory factor analysis of the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale. | Toll BA et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Effects of Acute Nicotine Abstinence on Cue-elicited Ventral Striatum/Nucleus Accumbens Activation in Female Cigarette Smokers: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. | David SP et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Effects of topiramate on cue-induced cigarette craving and the response to a smoked cigarette in briefly abstinent smokers. | Reid MS et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| High-dose transdermal nicotine and naltrexone: effects on nicotine withdrawal, urges, smoking, and effects of smoking. | Rohsenow DJ et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Limbic activation to cigarette smoking cues independent of nicotine withdrawal: a perfusion fMRI study. | Franklin TR et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Which dimensions of impulsivity are related to cigarette craving? | Billieux J et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| [Brazilian validation of the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges]. | Araujo RB et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Medication screening for smoking cessation: a proposal for new methodologies. | Perkins KA et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Reduction in cortisol after smoking cessation among users of nicotine patches. | Ussher M et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Reduction of abstinence-induced withdrawal and craving using high-dose nicotine replacement therapy. | Shiffman S et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Relapse to smoking. | Piasecki TM | β | 2006 | β |
| Smoking, cortisol and nicotine. | Steptoe A et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Transdermal nicotine-induced tobacco abstinence symptom suppression: nicotine dose and smokers' gender. | Evans SE et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Effect of sustained-release (SR) bupropion on craving and withdrawal in smokers deprived of cigarettes for 72 h. | Teneggi V et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Effects of medicinal herb tea on the smoking cessation and reducing smoking withdrawal symptoms. | Lee HJ et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Implications of CYP2A6 genetic variation for smoking behaviors and nicotine dependence. | Malaiyandi V et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Cross-cultural investigation of the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges in American and Spanish smokers. | Cepeda-Benito A et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Development of a brief questionnaire of smoking urges--Spanish. | Cepeda-Benito A et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Diurnal variations in first lapses to smoking for nicotine patch users. | Ussher M et al. | β | 2003 | β |