The Economic Burden of Prescription Opioid Overdose, Abuse, and Dependence in the United States, 2013.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Florence, Curtis S; Zhou, Chao; Luo, Feijun; Xu, Likang
- Year
- 2016
- Journal
- Medical care
- PMID
- 27623005
- DOI
- 10.1097/MLR.0000000000000625
- PMCID
- PMC5975355
IMPORTANCE: It is important to understand the magnitude and distribution of the economic burden of prescription opioid overdose, abuse, and dependence to inform clinical practice, research, and other decision makers. Decision makers choosing approaches to address this epidemic need cost information to evaluate the cost effectiveness of their choices. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the economic burden of prescription opioid overdose, abuse, and dependence from a societal perspective. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Incidence of fatal prescription opioid overdose from the National Vital Statistics System, prevalence of abuse and dependence from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health. Fatal data are for the US population, nonfatal data are a nationally representative sample of the US civilian noninstitutionalized population ages 12 and older. Cost data are from various sources including health care claims data from the Truven Health MarketScan Research Databases, and cost of fatal cases from the WISQARS (Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System) cost module. Criminal justice costs were derived from the Justice Expenditure and Employment Extracts published by the Department of Justice. Estimates of lost productivity were based on a previously published study. EXPOSURE: Calendar year 2013. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Monetized burden of fatal overdose and abuse and dependence of prescription opioids. RESULTS: The total economic burden is estimated to be $78.5 billion. Over one third of this amount is due to increased health care and substance abuse treatment costs ($28.9 billion). Approximately one quarter of the cost is borne by the public sector in health care, substance abuse treatment, and criminal justice costs. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: These estimates can assist decision makers in understanding the magnitude of adverse health outcomes associated with prescription opioid use such as overdose, abuse, and dependence.
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| Multi-trait genome-wide association study of opioid addiction: OPRM1 and beyond. | 2022 | 36207451 |
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| Long-term patient outcomes following buprenorphine/naloxone treatment for opioid use disorder: a retrospective analysis in a commercially insured population. | Hasan MM et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Mechanism of opioid addiction and its intervention therapy: Focusing on the reward circuitry and mu-opioid receptor. | Zhang JJ et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Metabolic phenotyping of opioid and psychostimulant addiction: A novel approach for biomarker discovery and biochemical understanding of the disorder. | Caspani G et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Methods and protocols for translatable rodent models of postsurgical pain. | Morgan JW et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Modeling the cost-effectiveness and impact on fatal overdose and initiation of buprenorphine-naloxone treatment at syringe service programs. | Adams JW et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Modeling the Dynamics of Heroin and Illicit Opioid Use Disorder, Treatment, and Recovery. | Cole S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Multi-trait genome-wide association study of opioid addiction: OPRM1 and beyond. | Gaddis N et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| New chronic opioid use in Medicaid patients following cholecystectomy. | Lockett MA et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| New Persistent Opioid Use After Inguinal Hernia Repair. | Howard R et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Opioid Prescribing Patterns After Skull Base Surgery for Vestibular Schwannoma. | Ren Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Opioid Prescription Monitoring in Preoperative and Postoperative Sacroiliac Joint Fusion Patients. | Wessell NM et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Opioid-Related Overdose Fatality Cases in Two Florida Counties. | Powell AT et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Opioid Use, Perioperative Risks, and Associated Postoperative Complications in Foot and Ankle Surgery. | Ridenour R et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Pain Plan Implementation Effect: Analysis of Postoperative Opioid Use, Hospital Length of Stay, and Clinic Resource Utilization for Patients Undergoing Elective Spine Surgery. | Rozenfeld S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Patient Controlled Analgesia and an Alternative Protocol: A Comparison of Outcomes After Thoracic and Lumbar Surgery. | Donelson W et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Patterns of Opioid Usage and Predictors of Utilization Following Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery. | Kuan EC et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Perioperative and Oncologic Outcomes of Single-Port <i>vs</i> Multiport Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: A Meta-Analysis. | Li K et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Postoperative Pain Management and Perceived Patient Outcomes following Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery. | Hoke ATK et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Preoperative Opioid Use Predicts Postoperative Opioid Use and Inferior Clinically Notable Outcomes After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty. | Lu Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Preoperative Opioid Use Results in Greater Postoperative Opioid Consumption After Thumb Basal Joint Arthroplasty. | Adams AJ et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Prescription quantity and duration predict progression from acute to chronic opioid use in opioid-naïve Medicaid patients. | Johnson DG et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Regulation of body weight and food intake by AGRP neurons during opioid dependence and abstinence in mice. | Laing BT et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Simulated opioid choice linked to opioid use disorder severity among veterans with chronic pain: initial validation of a novel paradigm. | Parikh A et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Social isolation, residential stability, and opioid use disorder among older Medicare beneficiaries: Metropolitan and non-metropolitan county comparison. | Yang TC et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Societal Cost of Opioid Use in Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis Patients in the United States. | Huizinga JL et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Spica Casting of Pediatric Femur Fractures: The Pain Management Experience at One Institution. | Williams K et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Substance use in the emergency department: Screening for risky drug use, using the ASSIST-Lite. | Stevens MWR et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Systems biology analyses reveal enhanced chronic morphine distortion of gut-brain interrelationships in simian human immunodeficiency virus infected rhesus macaques. | Olwenyi OA et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| The Association of Chronic Opioid Use with Resource Utilization and Outcomes after Emergency General Surgery. | Oliver JB et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| The Prevalence and Factors Associated with the Prescription of Opioids for Head/Neck Pain after Elective Craniotomy for Tumor Resection/Vascular Repair: A Retrospective Cohort Study. | Wang WY et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| The Role of Pharmacogenomics in Postoperative Pain Management. | Sachtleben EP et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Use of laboratory data for illicit drug use surveillance and identification of socioeconomic risk factors. | Azimi V et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Using an Environmentally Friendly Disposal Bag to Discard Leftover Opioids After Gynecologic Surgery. | Boitano TKL et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Using machine learning to determine the shared and unique risk factors for marijuana use among child-welfare versus community adolescents. | Negriff S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Utilization, Spending, and Price of Opioid Medications in the US Medicaid Programs Between 1991 and 2019. | Alsultan MM et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Vaccine confidence among people who use drugs: A cross-sectional survey. | Frew PM et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Variability in Opioid Prescription Following Primary Single-Level Lumbar Microdiscectomy. | Le H et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Virtual Reality as a Non-Pharmacological Adjunct to Reduce the Use of Analgesics in Hospitals. | Theingi S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Acute Pain Management of Chronic Pain Patients in Ambulatory Surgery Centers. | Rajput K et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| A Demographic and Regional Comparison of Opioid-Related Hospital Visits within Community Type in the United States. | Wilkes JL et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Adult emergency department naloxone education and prescription program: Video and pamphlet education comparison. | McElhinny M et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Alcohol-related cognitions: Implications for concurrent alcohol and marijuana use and concurrent alcohol and prescription stimulant misuse among young adults. | Litt DM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| A machine learning based two-stage clinical decision support system for predicting patients' discontinuation from opioid use disorder treatment: retrospective observational study. | Hasan MM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| A Narrative Literature Review of the Epidemiology, Etiology, and Treatment of Co-Occurring Panic Disorder and Opioid Use Disorder. | Clark AE et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| A National Cost Analysis of Community Interventions to Prevent Underage Drinking and Prescription Drug Misuse. | Close C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| A national evaluation of opioid prescribing and persistent use after ambulatory anorectal surgery. | Keller DS et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| An Educational Intervention Reduces Opioids Prescribed Following General Surgery Procedures. | Kemp Bohan PM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| An independent evaluation of laboratory staffing needs: Launching the forensic laboratory workforce calculator. | Speaker PJ | — | 2021 | → |
| An opioid receptor-independent mechanism underlies motility dysfunction and visceral hyperalgesia in opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. | Lin YM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| A Quality Improvement Pilot of Pharmacist-Led Identification of an Inpatient Population for Opioid Stewardship and Pain Management. | Hemmann BM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Are NSAIDs Safe? Assessing the Risk-Benefit Profile of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use in Postoperative Pain Management. | Chang RW et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| A review of research-supported group treatments for drug use disorders. | López G et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| A single dose of pre-operative pregabalin reduces post-operative opioid use after orthotopic liver transplantation. | Knorr JP et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Assessing Variation in State Opioid Tapering Laws: Comparing State Laws with the CDC Guideline. | Danielson EC et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Association Between State Policies on Improving Opioid Prescribing in 2 States and Opioid Overdose Rates Among Reproductive-aged Women. | Ji X et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Association of Duration of Preoperative Opioid Use with Reoperation After One-level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in Nonmyelopathic Patients. | Samuel AM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Association of opioid misuse with anxiety and depression: A systematic review of the literature. | Rogers AH et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Average lost work productivity due to non-fatal injuries by type in the USA. | Peterson C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Average medical cost of fatal and non-fatal injuries by type in the USA. | Peterson C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Bivalent Conjugate Vaccine Induces Dual Immunogenic Response That Attenuates Heroin and Fentanyl Effects in Mice. | Barrientos RC et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Changes In Health Services Use After Receipt Of Medications For Opioid Use Disorder In A Statewide Correctional System. | Howell BA et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Changes in secondary outcomes associated with brief interventions for problem gambling in methadone patients. | Baxley C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Changing course: supporting a shift to environmental strategies in a state prevention system. | Ballard PJ et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Characterizing and Identifying the Prevalence of Web-Based Misinformation Relating to Medication for Opioid Use Disorder: Machine Learning Approach. | ElSherief M et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Clinical Practice Guideline: Opioid Prescribing for Analgesia After Common Otolaryngology Operations. | Anne S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Clinical Practice Guideline: Opioid Prescribing for Analgesia After Common Otolaryngology Operations Executive Summary. | Anne S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Community pharmacists in Virginia dispensing naloxone under a standing order: A qualitative study. | Ijioma SC et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Comparison of Healthcare Resource Utilization Between Patients Who Engaged or Did Not Engage With a Prescription Digital Therapeutic for Opioid Use Disorder. | Velez FF et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Cost-effectiveness of Treatments for Opioid Use Disorder. | Fairley M et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Cost-utility analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism panel-based machine learning algorithm to predict risk of opioid use disorder. | Mallow PJ et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Decreasing Trends in Opioid Prescribing on Discharge to Hospice Care. | Furuno JP et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Defining success in regional anaesthesia. | Johnston DF et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Demographics, Perceptions, and Use of Medical Marijuana among Patients in Florida. | Rosenthal MS et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Drug Misuse in the Veterinary Setting: an Under-recognized Avenue. | Anand A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Early Life Stress and Risks for Opioid Misuse: Review of Data Supporting Neurobiological Underpinnings. | Oswald LM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Economic Burden of Hospitalizations Associated with Opioid Dependence Among Patients Undergoing Spinal Fusion. | Berg J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Engaging Undergraduate Students in Substance Use and Related Mental Health Disorders Research within South Dakota: A Review of the Summer Program for Undergraduate Research in Addiction (SPURA). | McFadden LM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Enhanced recovery after cystectomy in patients with preoperative narcotic use. | Ghodoussipour S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Enhanced Recovery After Surgery in Patients Implanted with Left Ventricular Assist Device. | Lindenmuth DM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Pathway for Single-Level Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Decreases Length of Stay and Opioid Consumption. | Kerolus MG et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| ERAS for Head and Neck Tissue Transfer Reduces Opioid Usage, Peak Pain Scores, and Blood Utilization. | Clark BS et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Evaluation of Policy Effectiveness by Mathematical Modeling for the Opioid Crisis with Spatial Study and Trend Analysis. | Pan J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Examining the time-varying association of negative affect and covariates with craving during treatment for prescription opioid dependence with two types of mixed models. | Jenkins GJ et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Expectation-setting and patient education about pain control in the perioperative setting: A qualitative study. | Bleicher J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Feasibility of Implementing Opioid Stewardship Recommendations for Sinonasal Surgery. | Jordan JW et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Gender Differences in Patterns and Correlates of Continued Substance Use among Patients in Methadone Maintenance Treatment. | Arnold TD et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Health Behavior Survey Among People Who Use Opioids: Protocol for Implementing Technology-Based Rapid Response Surveillance in Community Settings. | Frew PM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Health Care Utilization Patterns for Patients With a History of Substance Use Requiring OPAT. | Ashraf B et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| High-Risk Opioid Prescribing Trends: Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Data From 2010 to 2018. | Ball SJ et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Impact of a Mandatory Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Check on Emergency Department Opioid Prescribing Rates. | Watson CJ et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Impact of drug utilization management policy on prescription opioid use in Georgia Medicaid. | Wang Y et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Impact of Opioid Prescribing Guidelines on Postoperative Opioid Prescriptions Following Elective Spine Surgery: Results From an Institutional Quality Improvement Initiative. | Krauss WE et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Improving access to care through Advanced Practice Registered Nurses: Focus on perinatal patients with Opioid Use Disorder. | Ramage M et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Incidence and risk factors for prolonged postoperative opioid use following lumbar spine surgery: a cohort study. | Goyal A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Incorporating Acupuncture Into American Healthcare: Initiating a Discussion on Implementation Science, the Status of the Field, and Stakeholder Considerations. | Miller DW et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Integrating human services and criminal justice data with claims data to predict risk of opioid overdose among Medicaid beneficiaries: A machine-learning approach. | Lo-Ciganic WH et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Interobserver agreement between emergency clinicians and nurses for Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale. | Tomaszewski CA et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Intra-articular Hyaluronic Acid for Osteoarthritis of the Knee in the United States: A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluations. | Mordin M et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| In Vitro and In Vivo Sequestration of Methamphetamine by a Sulfated Acyclic CB[n]-Type Receptor. | Brockett AT et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Is Less Really More? Economic Evaluation of Minimally Invasive Surgery. | Chung AS et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Just Say No: The Case Against Opioid-Based Postoperative Pain Management Regimens Following Breast Surgery. | Schwartz T | — | 2021 | → |
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| Longitudinal impact of a pre-populated default quantity on emergency department opioid prescriptions. | Carlson A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Long-Term Medicare Costs Associated With Opioid Analgesic Therapy vs Spinal Manipulative Therapy for Chronic Low Back Pain in a Cohort of Older Adults. | Whedon JM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Machine Learning Algorithms Predict Prolonged Opioid Use in Opioid-Naïve Primary Hip Arthroscopy Patients. | Kunze KN et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Maternal Methadone Destabilizes Neonatal Breathing and Desensitizes Neonates to Opioid-Induced Respiratory Frequency Depression. | Hocker AD et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Morphine Equivalent Total Dosage as Predictor of Adverse Outcomes in Opioid Prescribing. | Bonifonte A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Novel chimeric monoclonal antibodies that block fentanyl effects and alter fentanyl biodistribution in mice. | Ban B et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Older Patients More Accurately Predict Pain Tolerance After Lumbar Spine Fusion Compared with Their Younger Peers. | Peddada KV et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Opioids and Injury Deaths: A population-based analysis of the United States from 2006 to 2017. | Truong EI et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Pain Management and Opioid Therapy: Persistent Knowledge Gaps Among Primary Care Providers. | Williamson C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Perioperative Opioid Administration. | Shanthanna H et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Physician blame and vulnerability: novel predictors of physician willingness to work with patients who misuse opioids. | Franz B et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Post-operative Opioid, Benzodiazepine and Sedative Usage in Medicare versus Commercial Insurance Hand Surgery Patients. | Lutsky KF et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Postoperative Opioid Use in Rhinoplasty Procedures: A Standardized Regimen. | Marshall RV et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Postoperative Prescription of Low-dose Narcotics Yields Equivalent Pain Outcomes Compared to High-dose Narcotics in Opioid-naïve Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery. | Mohanty S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| The protocol of the Application of Economics & Social psychology to improve Opioid Prescribing Safety Trial 1 (AESOPS-1): Electronic health record nudges. | Kelley MA et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Use of Higher-strength Opioids has a Dose-Dependent Association With Reoperations After Lumbar Decompression and Interbody Fusion Surgery. | Samuel AM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Variants of glycosyl hydrolase family 2 β-glucuronidases have increased activity on recalcitrant substrates. | Schlachter CR et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Variations in Postoperative Opioid Prescription Practices and Impact on Refill Prescriptions Following Lumbar Spine Surgery. | Goyal A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Within-subject evaluation of interim buprenorphine treatment during waitlist delays. | Oleskowicz TN et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Activation of GLP-1 receptors attenuates oxycodone taking and seeking without compromising the antinociceptive effects of oxycodone in rats. | Zhang Y et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Addressing the Opioid Crisis through an Interdisciplinary Task Force in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. | MacKinnon NJ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Adoption of the 275-patient buprenorphine treatment waiver for treating opioid use disorder: A state-level longitudinal analysis. | Knudsen HK et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Adverse childhood experiences, internalizing/externalizing symptoms, and associated prescription opioid misuse: A mediation analysis. | Tang S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Age as a Mediator of tDCS Effects on Pain: An Integrative Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. | Saldanha JS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| An observational study on risk factors for prolonged opioid prescription after severe trauma. | Åström J et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| A Population Study of Prescribed Opioid-based Pain Reliever Use among Individuals with Mood and Anxiety Disorders in Canada. | Liu LJW et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Are Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons Prescribing Fewer Opioids and More Non-Narcotic Analgesics for Postoperative Pain After Third Molar Removal? | Han JT et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| A review of the pharmacogenomics of buprenorphine for the treatment of opioid use disorder. | Seguí HA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Assessing the needs of front-line providers in addressing the opioid crisis in South Carolina. | Moreland A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Assessment of Work Loss Associated With Prescription-Related Opioid Use Disorder: A Retrospective Analysis of Claims Data. | White AG et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Auricular neural stimulation as a new non-invasive treatment for opioid detoxification. | Qureshi IS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Availability of Buprenorphine Treatment in the 10 States With the Highest Drug Overdose Death Rates in the United States. | Flavin L et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Availability of Medications for the Treatment of Alcohol and Opioid Use Disorder in the USA. | Abraham AJ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Bridging Prenatal and Pediatric Care: A Proposed Simple Yet Novel Approach to Preventing Family Violence. | Bright MA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Cannabis and Pain Treatment-A Review of the Clinical Utility and a Practical Approach in Light of Uncertainty. | Vulfsons S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Cebranopadol reduces cocaine self-administration in male rats: Dose, treatment and safety consideration. | Wei H et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| CE: Opioid Use Disorder: Pathophysiology, Assessment, and Effective Interventions. | Brown KG et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Codeine-induced hepatic injury is via oxido-inflammatory damage and caspase-3-mediated apoptosis. | Akhigbe RE et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Commentary: Relationship Between Preoperative Opioid Use and Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Minimally-Invasive Stand-Alone Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion. | Louie PK et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Continuous Opioid Monitoring along with Nerve Agents on a Wearable Microneedle Sensor Array. | Mishra RK et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Cost-effectiveness of Direct Antiviral Agents for Hepatitis C Virus Infection and a Combined Intervention of Syringe Access and Medication-assisted Therapy for Opioid Use Disorders in an Injection Drug Use Population. | Stevens ER et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Decreasing Opioid Prescriptions in Women Undergoing Mastectomy and Breast Reconstruction. | Tedesco D et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Developing Improved Translational Models of Pain: A Role for the Behavioral Scientist. | Withey SL et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Development of Abuse-Deterrent Formulations Using Sucrose Acetate Isobutyrate. | Barakh Ali SF et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Development of a machine learning algorithm for early detection of opioid use disorder. | Segal Z et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Differential Use of Narcotics in Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Comparative Matched Analysis Between Osteoarthritis and Femoral Neck Fracture. | Agarwalla A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Effect of Preoperative Opioid Use on Adverse Outcomes, Medical Spending, and Persistent Opioid Use Following Elective Total Joint Arthroplasty in the United States: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study of Administrative Claims Data. | Blevins Peratikos M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Effects of Interim Buprenorphine Treatment for opioid use disorder among emerging adults. | Peck KR et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Emergency Department Screening for Unhealthy Alcohol and Drug Use with a Brief Tablet-Based Questionnaire. | Elder JW et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Emerging Viral and Bacterial Infections: Within an Era of Opioid Epidemic. | Jones JF et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Evaluation of an Interdisciplinary Controlled Substance Review Committee on Opioid Prescribing in a Community Health Center. | Bourgeois HC et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Prehospital Paramedic Administration of Sub-Dissociative Dose of Ketamine in the Treatment of Trauma-Related Pain in Adult Civilian Population. | Jabourian A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Examining correlations between opioid dispensing and opioid-related hospitalizations in Canada, 2007-2016. | Jones W et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Examining trends in substance use disorder capacity and service delivery by Health Resources and Services Administration-funded health centers: A time series regression analysis. | Pourat N et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Five-year Trends in Opioid Prescribing Following Orthopaedic Trauma. | Flanagan CD et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Genome-wide association analysis of opioid use disorder: A novel approach using clinical data. | Song W et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Healthcare cost associations of patients who use illicit drugs in Florida: a retrospective analysis. | Ryan JL et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Healthcare Resource Use and Cost: The Impact of Adopting an Abuse-Deterrent Formulation of Extended Release Morphine. | Rossiter LF et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Health economic design for cost, cost-effectiveness and simulation analyses in the HEALing Communities Study. | Aldridge AP et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Identifying Early Risk Factors for Addiction Later in Life: A Review of Prospective Longitudinal Studies. | Morales AM et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Impact of a communication technique training on rates of naloxone dispensing. | Gandhi N et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Impact of a multidisciplinary multimodal opioid minimization initiative in kidney transplant recipients. | Rohan VS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Impact of cannabis on non-medical opioid use and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder: a nationwide longitudinal VA study. | De Aquino JP et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Impact of Office-based Opioid Treatment on Emergency Visits and Hospitalization in Adolescents with Opioid Use Disorder. | Walker KS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Impact of Spinal Cord Stimulation on Opioid Dose Reduction: A Nationwide Analysis. | Adil SM et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Impact of the take ACTION Train-the-Trainer model of opioid overdose education with naloxone distribution- who benefits? | Dahlem CH et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Implant-Related Complications Among Patients With Opioid Use Disorder Following Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Matched-Control Analysis of 42,097 Medicare Patients. | Vakharia RM et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Implementation of a Dedicated Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) Program for Radical Cystectomy Patients is Associated With Decreased Postoperative Inpatient Opioid Usage and Pain Scores. | Townsend WB et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Incidence of Chronic Opioid Use in Previously Opioid-Naïve Patients Receiving Opioids for Analgesia in the Intensive Care Unit. | Adil MQ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Increased Risk of Chronic Opioid Use and Revision After Anterior Cervical Diskectomy and Fusion in Patients with Prior Shoulder Arthroscopy. | Li NY et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Initiating buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder during short-term in-patient 'detoxification': a randomized clinical trial. | Stein M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Inpatient Opioid Use Disorder and Social Determinants of Health: A Nationwide Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (2012-2014 and 2016-2017). | Sulley S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| In-silico design of a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 S protein. | Jaiswal G et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Interpol review of forensic science management literature 2016-2019. | McAndrew WP et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Introduction: Opioid Analgesia: A Patient Perspective. | Svider PF | — | 2020 | → |
| Introduction: Opioid Controversies: The Crisis - Causes and Solutions. | Sade RM | — | 2020 | → |
| In vitro pharmacology of fentanyl analogs at the human mu opioid receptor and their spectroscopic analysis. | Hassanien SH et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Is marijuana use associated with decreased use of prescription opioids? Toxicological findings from two US national samples of drivers. | Li G et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Lifetime Risk of Death From Firearm Injuries, Drug Overdoses, and Motor Vehicle Accidents in the United States. | Sehgal AR | — | 2020 | → |
| Long-term impact of acute restraint stress on heroin self-administration, reinstatement, and stress reactivity. | Carter JS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Long-term Safety and Tolerability of NKTR-181 in Patients with Moderate to Severe Chronic Low Back Pain or Chronic Noncancer Pain: A Phase 3 Multicenter, Open-Label, 52-Week Study (SUMMIT-08 LTS). | Gudin J et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy: Practical Applications and Clinical Impact. | Zhao L et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Medicinal Cannabis in Orthopaedic Practice. | Kleeman-Forsthuber LT et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Mining social media for prescription medication abuse monitoring: a review and proposal for a data-centric framework. | Sarker A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Misalignment of Stakeholder Incentives in the Opioid Crisis. | Boloori A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Multiple opioid prescribers: A genuine quest for treatment rather than aberrant behaviour. A two-decade population-based study. | Adewumi AD et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Newly Emerging Drugs of Abuse. | Tamama K et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Nonconsensual Dose Reduction Mandates are Not Justified Clinically or Ethically: An Analysis. | Kertesz SG et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Non-invasive brain stimulation modalities for the treatment and prevention of opioid use disorder: a systematic review of the literature. | Young JR et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Novel Vaccine That Blunts Fentanyl Effects and Sequesters Ultrapotent Fentanyl Analogues. | Barrientos RC et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Nutritional intervention in chronic pain: an innovative way of targeting central nervous system sensitization? | Nijs J et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Office-Based Buprenorphine Treatment: Identifying Factors That Promote Retention in Opioid-Dependent Patients. | Noe SR et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Opioid Prescribing and Use Patterns in Postsurgical Facial Trauma Patients. | Lapidus JB et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Opioid Prescribing Trends and Geographic Variation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. | Marrache M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Opioid Prescriptions for Female Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery Patients Before and After Implementation of Tennessee State Legislation. | Samimi P et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Opioid prescriptions in emergency departments: Findings from the 2016 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. | Naavaal S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Opioids After Surgery in the United States Versus the Rest of the World: The International Patterns of Opioid Prescribing (iPOP) Multicenter Study. | Kaafarani HMA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Opioids on Twitter: A Content Analysis of Conversations regarding Prescription Drugs on Social Media and Implications for Message Design. | Jain P et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Opioid use disorder research and the Council for the Advancement of Nursing Science priority areas. | Eckardt P et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Opioid Use Disorders in People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Review of Implications for Patient Outcomes, Drug Interactions, and Neurocognitive Disorders. | Cernasev A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Opioid Use, Risk Factors, and Outcome in Lumbar Fusion Surgery. | Mendoza-Elias N et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Organizational Facilitators and Barriers to Medication for Opioid Use Disorder Capacity Expansion and Use. | Jacobson N et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Pain Detection using a Smartphone in Real Time. | Kong Y et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Pain management and prescribing practices in otolaryngology residency programs. | Klimczak J et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Perioperative analgesia for patients undergoing otologic surgery: An evidence-based review. | Campbell HT et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Perioperative Pain Management in Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery. | Neumeister EL et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Perioperative Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels as a Predictor of Postoperative Opioid Use and Opioid Use Disorder: a Cohort Study. | Kim Y et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Persistent Opioid Use Among Patients with Urolithiasis: A Population based Study. | Hosier GW et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Pharmacists on the front-line of solving a public health crisis: Increasing access to medications for opioid use disorder. | Luli AJ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Place, poverty and prescriptions: a cross-sectional study using Area Deprivation Index to assess opioid use and drug-poisoning mortality in the USA from 2012 to 2017. | Kurani S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Predicting high-risk opioid prescriptions before they are given. | Hastings JS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Predicting overdose among individuals prescribed opioids using routinely collected healthcare utilization data. | Sun JW et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Preoperative Pain Management: Is Tramadol a Safe Alternative to Traditional Opioids Before Total Hip Arthroplasty? | Bell JE et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Prevalence and Expenses of Outpatient Opioid Prescriptions, With Associated Sociodemographic, Economic, and Work Characteristics. | Asfaw A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Preventing Morphine-Seeking Behavior through the Re-Engineering of Vincamine's Biological Activity. | Norwood VM et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Prolonged Opioid Use After Surgery for Early-Stage Breast Cancer. | Shen C et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Psychiatric comorbidity and co-occurring opioid misuse: Depression mediates the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and opioid misuse in community pharmacy settings. | Hruschak V et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Psycho-Social Correlates of Opioid Use Disorder among the US Adult Population: Evidence from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2018. | Haider MR et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Quantifying the use of opioids in the immediate postoperative period after endoscopic sinus surgery. | Badash I et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Rate and Risk Factors Associated With Prolonged Opioid Use After Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. | Lawal OD et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Reduction of opioid intake after cooled radiofrequency denervation for sacroiliac joint pain: a retrospective evaluation up to 1 year. | Tinnirello A | — | 2020 | → |
| Relapse rates among veterans on maintenance doses of combination buprenorphine and naloxone for opioid use disorder. | Binger KJ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Relationship Between Preoperative Opioid Use and Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Stand-Alone Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion. | Kim S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Relative Cost Differences of Initial Treatment Strategies for Newly Diagnosed Opioid Use Disorder: A Cohort Study. | Larochelle MR et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Removing abuse-prone prescription medication from fueling the national opioid crisis through community engagement and surgeon leadership: results of a local drug take-back event. | Moustarah F et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Review of Popularity and Quality Standards of Opioid-Related Smartphone Apps. | Vilardaga R et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Risk Factors Associated with Opioid Use Among African American Faith-Based Populations. | Christensen K et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Sex differences in oral oxycodone self-administration and stress-primed reinstatement in rats. | Fulenwider HD et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Situating the Continuum of Overdose Risk in the Social Determinants of Health: A New Conceptual Framework. | Park JN et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Socioeconomic sequelae of drug abuse in a Swedish national cohort. | Edwards AC et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Sources of Misused Prescription Opioids and Their Association with Prescription Opioid Use Disorder in the United States: Sex and Age Differences. | Park JY et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Statistical Analysis of County-Level Contributing Factors to Opioid-Related Overdose Deaths in the United States. | Kim H et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Stigma of Opioid Use Disorder and Its Indirect Effects on Student Pharmacists' Perceptions and Attitudes. | Hall EA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Stories to Communicate Individual Risk for Opioid Prescriptions for Back and Kidney Stone Pain: Protocol for the Life STORRIED Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial. | Meisel ZF et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Strategies aimed at preventing chronic opioid use in trauma and acute care surgery: a scoping review protocol. | Bérubé M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Technologies for Opioid Use Disorder Management: Mobile App Search and Scoping Review. | Nuamah J et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The ASAM National Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder: 2020 Focused Update. | — | — | 2020 | → |
| The Association of Liposomal Bupivacaine on Opioid Consumption in the Pediatric Alveolar Cleft Population. | Crowley JS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The cost of opioid use disorder and the value of aversion. | Murphy SM | — | 2020 | → |
| The dissemination and implementation of contingency management for substance use disorders: A systematic review. | Oluwoye O et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The evolution of opioid-related mortality and potential years of life lost in Spain from 2008 to 2017: differences between Spain and the United States. | Salazar A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Genetics of Externalizing Problems. | Barr PB et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The impact of opioid use on human and health care costs in surgical patients. | Kassam AF et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The pharmacogenetics of opioid treatment for pain management. | Singh A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Public Health Value of Opioid Litigation. | Haffajee RL | — | 2020 | → |
| The Relationship between Cognitive and Emotional Factors and Healthcare and Medication Use in People Experiencing Pain: A Systematic Review. | Huysmans E et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Roles of Emotion Regulation Difficulties and Impulsivity in the Associations between Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Frequency of Nonprescription Sedative Use and Prescription Sedative/Opioid Misuse. | Richmond JR et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Societal Value of Broader Access to Antiobesity Medications. | Kabiri M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Surgeon's Role in the Opioid Crisis: A Narrative Review and Call to Action. | Shadbolt C et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Toward Directing Opioid Receptor Signaling to Refine Opioid Therapeutics. | Grim TW et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Trends in opioid prescribing in Australia: a systematic review. | Donovan PJ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Understanding Opioid Use After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Comprehensive Analysis of a Mandatory Prescription Drug Monitoring Program. | Tan TL et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Utility of a Team-Based Multimodal Opioid Reduction Protocol for the Pediatric Plastic Surgery Population. | Crowley JS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Variables associated with low, moderate and high emergency department use among patients with substance-related disorders. | Penzenstadler L et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| We Need a Taxonomy of State-Level Opioid Policies. | Grant S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Adopting Graduate Competencies in Opioid Prescribing for Massachusetts Physician Assistant Programs: A Statewide Public Health Response. | White SE et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Affecting emergency department oxycodone discharge prescribing: An educational intervention. | Kline TV et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| A Framework for Understanding the Role of Psychological Processes in Disease Development, Maintenance, and Treatment: The 3P-Disease Model. | Wright CD et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Alum adjuvant is more effective than MF59 at prompting early germinal center formation in response to peptide-protein conjugates and enhancing efficacy of a vaccine against opioid use disorders. | Robinson C et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| American Society of Plastic Surgeons Member Post-Operative Opioid Prescribing Patterns. | Torabi R et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| A policy mapping analysis of goals, target populations, and punitive notions in the U.S. congressional response to the opioid epidemic. | Bowen EA et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| A Population Health Approach to America's Opioid Epidemic. | Salmond S et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| A Qualitative Study of Chronic Pain and Self-Management in Adults with Sickle Cell Disease. | Matthie N et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Association Between State Medicaid Eligibility Thresholds and Deaths Due to Substance Use Disorders. | Snider JT et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Belief, Behavior, and Belonging: How Faith is Indispensable in Preventing and Recovering from Substance Abuse. | Grim BJ et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Benchmarks of Duration and Magnitude of Opioid Consumption After Common Spinal Procedures: A Database Analysis of 47,823 Patients. | Cook DJ et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Benchmarks of Duration and Magnitude of Opioid Consumption After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Database Analysis of 69,368 Patients. | Cook DJ et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Binge Drinking and Prescription Opioid Misuse in the U.S., 2012-2014. | Esser MB et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Buprenorphine in the United States: Motives for abuse, misuse, and diversion. | Chilcoat HD et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder: recent progress. | Parida S et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Burden of arrhythmia in hospitalizations with opioid overdose. | Doshi R et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Challenges on the road to recovery: Exploring attitudes and experiences of clients in a community-based buprenorphine program in Baltimore City. | Truong C et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Changes in associations of prescription opioid use disorder and illegal behaviors among adults in the United States from 2002 to 20. | Mintz CM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Comparing different chronic preoperative opioid use definitions on outcomes after spine surgery. | Oleisky ER et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Comparison of implant related complications amongst patients with opioid use disorder and non-users following total knee arthroplasty. | Vakharia RM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Confronting the opioid epidemic: public opinion toward the expansion of treatment services in Virginia. | Cook AK et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Considerations in addressing the opioid epidemic and chronic pain within the USA. | Marshall B et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Controlled substance diversion in health systems: A failure modes and effects analysis for prevention. | Nolan K et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| CORR Insights®: What Pain Levels Do TSA Patients Experience When Given a Long-acting Nerve Block and Multimodal Analgesia? | Namdari S | — | 2019 | → |
| Cost-Efficiency and Effectiveness of Including Doctors of Chiropractic to Offer Treatment Under Medicaid: A Critical Appraisal of Missouri Inclusion of Chiropractic Under Missouri Medicaid. | McGowan JR et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Descriptive, observational study of pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical arrests, use, and overdoses in Maine. | Simpson KJ et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Development and Evaluation of the Online Addiction Medicine Certificate: Free Novel Program in a Canadian Setting. | Gorfinkel LR et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Do Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons Over-Prescribe Opioids After Extraction of Asymptomatic Third Molars? | Resnick CM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Early evidence of the impact of cannabis legalization on cannabis use, cannabis use disorder, and the use of other substances: Findings from state policy evaluations. | Smart R et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Editorial for Special Issue: Neuroproteomics. | Williams KR et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Editorial: Invertebrate Models of Natural and Drug-Sensitive Reward. | van Staaden M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Emergency Medicine Research Priorities for Early Intervention for Substance Use Disorders. | Hawk KF et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Enhanced recovery in liver surgery decreases postoperative outpatient use of opioids. | Lillemoe HA et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Evaluation of Machine-Learning Algorithms for Predicting Opioid Overdose Risk Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Opioid Prescriptions. | Lo-Ciganic WH et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Factors associated with prescription pain reliever misuse: An analysis of statewide data. | Kim U et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Forging Neuroimaging Targets for Recovery in Opioid Use Disorder. | Stewart JL et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Frequency of Cardiovascular Events and In-hospital Mortality With Opioid Overdose Hospitalizations. | Doshi R et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Genomewide Study of Epigenetic Biomarkers of Opioid Dependence in European- American Women. | Montalvo-Ortiz JL et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Glial regulation of synaptic function in models of addiction. | Stellwagen D et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Guidelines for perioperative care in gynecologic/oncology: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society recommendations-2019 update. | Nelson G et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Harnessing the Chemistry of the Indole Heterocycle to Drive Discoveries in Biology and Medicine. | Norwood VM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Immersive Virtual Reality and Virtual Embodiment for Pain Relief. | Matamala-Gomez M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Implementation of an Opioid Guideline Impacts on Opioid Prescriptions, Adverse Outcomes, and an Association with a State Opioid-Related Fatalities. | Phillips AL et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Implementing an Opioid Risk Reduction Program in the Acute Comprehensive Inpatient Rehabilitation Setting. | Van SP et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Improving Opioid Management and Resource Utilization in an Internal Medicine Residency Clinic: A Before-After Study over Two Plan-Do-Study-Act Cycles. | Wong R et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Increasing Rates of Opioid Misuse Among Older Adults Visiting Emergency Departments. | Carter MW et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Investigation of Novel Primary and Secondary Pharmacophores and 3-Substitution in the Linking Chain of a Series of Highly Selective and Bitopic Dopamine D<sub>3</sub> Receptor Antagonists and Partial Agonists. | Shaik AB et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Is it time US dentistry ended its opioid dependence? | Thornhill MH et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Is There a Benefit to the Use of Melatonin in Preoperative Zygomatic Fractures? | de Carvalho Nogueira EF et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Lessons Learned in Providing Claims-Based Data to Participants in Health Care Innovation Models. | Cohen MF et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Machine learning for phenotyping opioid overdose events. | Badger J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Machine learning for prediction of sustained opioid prescription after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. | Karhade AV et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Mandatory Access Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs and Prescription Drug Abuse. | Grecu AM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Medical and non-medical cannabis use and risk of prescription opioid use disorder: Findings from propensity score matching. | Liang D et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Minimally Invasive Versus Open Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery: An Analysis of Opioids, Nonopioid Analgesics, and Perioperative Characteristics. | Hockley A et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| National medical expenditures by smoking status in American adults: an application of Manning's two-stage model to nationally representative data. | Swedler DI et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Novel Formulations of Buprenorphine for Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder. | Rosenthal RN | — | 2019 | → |
| Opioid addiction and the cerebellum. | Moreno-Rius J | — | 2019 | → |
| Opioid Consumption Rate Following Foot and Ankle Surgery. | Kvarda P et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Opioid Dependence and Health Care Utilization After Decompression and Fusion in Patients With Adult Degenerative Scoliosis. | Sharma M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Opioid-free colorectal surgery: a method to improve patient & financial outcomes in surgery. | Keller DS et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Opioid prescription rates and risk for substantiated child abuse and neglect: A Bayesian spatiotemporal analysis. | Morris MC et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Opioid Use and Potency Are Associated With Clinical Features, Quality of Life, and Use of Resources in Patients With Gastroparesis. | Hasler WL et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Opioid use disorder in Germany: healthcare costs of patients in opioid maintenance treatment. | Reimer J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
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| Revenue Losses to State and Federal Government From Opioid-related Employment Reductions. | Segel JE et al. | — | 2019 | → |
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| Short- and Long-term Opioid Use in Patients with Oral and Oropharynx Cancer. | McDermott JD et al. | — | 2019 | → |
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| The prescription opioid crisis: role of the anaesthesiologist in reducing opioid use and misuse. | Soffin EM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The Prevalence and Cost of Medicare Beneficiaries Diagnosed and At Risk for Opioid Abuse, Dependence, and Poisoning. | Roland CL et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| There Isn't Enough Narcan to Fix This. | Clark JR | — | 2019 | → |
| The role of cancer in marijuana and prescription opioid use in the United States: A population-based analysis from 2005 to 2014. | Tringale KR et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The Value of Outdoor Behavioral Healthcare for Adolescent Substance Users with Comorbid Conditions. | Gass M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Improve the Dysfunction of Descending Pain Modulatory System Related to Opioids in Chronic Non-cancer Pain: An Integrative Review of Neurobiology and Meta-Analysis. | Zortea M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
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| Treatment Patterns and Medication Use in Patients with Postherpetic Neuralgia. | Gudin J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Trends and Outcomes of Cardiovascular Surgery in Patients With Opioid Use Disorders. | Dewan KC et al. | — | 2019 | → |
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| An overview of abuse-deterrent opioids and recommendations for practical patient care. | Adler JA et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| An Overview of Internet- and Smartphone-Delivered Interventions for Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders. | Watkins LE et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| A population-based examination of trends and disparities in medication treatment for opioid use disorders among Medicaid enrollees. | Stein BD et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| A Predictive Algorithm to Detect Opioid Use Disorder: What Is the Utility in a Primary Care Setting? | Lee C et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| A prospective, longitudinal study to evaluate the clinical utility of a predictive algorithm that detects risk of opioid use disorder. | Brenton A et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Are Opioids Overprescribed Following Elective Surgery? | Habermann EB | — | 2018 | → |
| A Review of the Opioid Epidemic: What Do We Do About It? | Shipton EA et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| A scoping review exploring the opioid prescribing practices of US dental professionals. | Lutfiyya MN et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Comparing the Efficacy of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Opioids, and Paracetamol in the Treatment of Acute Renal Colic. | Pathan SA et al. | — | 2018 | → |
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| Chronic preoperative opioid use is a risk factor for increased complications, resource use, and costs after cervical fusion. | Jain N et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Clinician identified barriers to treatment for individuals in Appalachia with opioid use disorder following release from prison: a social ecological approach. | Bunting AM et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Comparative Rates of Mortality and Serious Adverse Effects Among Commonly Prescribed Opioid Analgesics. | Murphy DL et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Contamination profiles, mass loadings, and sewage epidemiology of neuropsychiatric and illicit drugs in wastewater and river waters from a community in the Midwestern United States. | Skees AJ et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Crayfish Learning: Addiction and the Ganglionic Brain. | van Staaden MJ et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Defining Optimal Length of Opioid Pain Medication Prescription After Common Surgical Procedures. | Scully RE et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on post-surgical complications against the backdrop of the opioid crisis. | Zhao-Fleming H et al. | — | 2018 | → |
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| Geographic variation in hospital costs, payments, and length of stay for opioid-related hospital visits in the USA. | Mallow PJ et al. | — | 2018 | → |
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| Health care utilization and overall costs based on opioid dependence in patients undergoing surgery for degenerative spondylolisthesis. | Sharma M et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| How Good Intentions Contributed to Bad Outcomes: The Opioid Crisis. | Rummans TA et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus Medicine Association Pain Management Guidelines Needed to Curb Opioid Epidemic. | Gandhi V et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Incidence and predictive factors for additional opioid prescription after endoscopic sinus surgery. | Jafari A et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Increased Healthcare Utilization and Expenditures Associated With Chronic Opioid Therapy. | Thornton D et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Intentional heroin administration resulting in homicide in a 10-month old infant. | Paul ABM et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Multimorbidity Trends in United States Adults, 1988-2014. | King DE et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Multiple Factors Drive Opioid Prescribing at the Time of Discharge. | Pruinelli L et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Opioid Analgesics in Georgia Medicaid: Trends in Potential Inappropriate Prescribing Practices by Demographic Characteristics, 2009-2014. | Jayawardhana J et al. | — | 2018 | → |
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| Patient Satisfaction With Nonopioid Pain Management Following Knee Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy and/or Chondroplasty. | Carrier CS et al. | — | 2018 | → |
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| Relationship between buprenorphine adherence and relapse, health care utilization and costs in privately and publicly insured patients with opioid use disorder. | Ronquest NA et al. | — | 2018 | → |
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| Stage-Based Mobile Intervention for Substance Use Disorders in Primary Care: Development and Test of Acceptability. | Levesque D et al. | — | 2018 | → |
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| State-Targeted Funding and Technical Assistance to Increase Access to Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder. | Abraham AJ et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Sustained Preoperative Opioid Use Is a Predictor of Continued Use Following Spine Surgery. | Schoenfeld AJ et al. | — | 2018 | → |
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| Trends and characteristics of naloxone therapy reported to US poison centers. | Rege SV et al. | — | 2018 | → |
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| Trends in Teenagers' Nonopiod Substance Exposures Reported to Poison Control Centers, 2010-2015. | Wright B et al. | — | 2018 | → |
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| How ACA Repeal Would Worsen the Opioid Epidemic. | Friedmann PD et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| <i>Drosophila</i>: An Emergent Model for Delineating Interactions between the Circadian Clock and Drugs of Abuse. | De Nobrega AK et al. | — | 2017 | → |
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| New Data on Opioid Use and Prescribing in the United States. | Schuchat A et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Ondansetron Does Not Reduce Withdrawal in Patients With Physical Dependence on Chronic Opioid Therapy. | Chu LF et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Opioid tapering in patients with prescription opioid use disorder: A retrospective study. | Zhou K et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Opioid Use Disorder in Dental Patients: The Latest on How to Identify, Treat, Refer and Apply Laws and Regulations in Your Practice. | Nack B et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Pain Relief After Operative Treatment of an Extremity Fracture: A Noninferiority Randomized Controlled Trial. | Helmerhorst GTT et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Patterns of Opioid Prescription and Use After Cesarean Delivery. | Bateman BT et al. | — | 2017 | → |
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| The Affordable Care Act Transformation of Substance Use Disorder Treatment. | Abraham AJ et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| The Basic Pharmacology of Opioids Informs the Opioid Discourse about Misuse and Abuse: A Review. | Pergolizzi JV et al. | — | 2017 | → |
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| Trends in Hospitalization for Opioid Overdose among Rural Compared to Urban Residents of the United States, 2007-2014. | Mosher H et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Vital Signs: Changes in Opioid Prescribing in the United States, 2006-2015. | Guy GP et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Wide Variation and Overprescription of Opioids After Elective Surgery. | Thiels CA et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| So Prescription Opioid Disorders are a $78.5 Billion Problem. | Pollack HA | — | 2016 | → |