Unveiling the functions of presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors in the central nervous system.
paper
Cited
Public
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- Authors
- Schoepp, D D
- Year
- 2001
- Journal
- The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics
- PMID
- 11561058
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors, which include mGlu1-8 receptors, are a heterogeneous family of G-protein-coupled receptors which function to modulate brain excitability via presynaptic, postsynaptic and glial mechanisms. Certain members of this receptor family have been shown to function as presynaptic regulatory mechanisms to control release of neurotransmitters. In general, Gi-coupled mGlu receptor subtypes appear to negatively modulate excitatory (and possibly also inhibitory) neurotransmitter output when activated. Localization studies have shown that mGlu7 is restricted to the presynaptic grid at the site of vesicle fusion. These studies along with other evidence suggest that mGlu7 is the nerve terminal autoreceptor that regulates physiological release of glutamate. Other mGlu subtypes, in particular mGlu2, mGlu8, and possibly mGlu4, are also localized presynaptically, but at perisynaptic sites outside the active zone of neurotransmitter release. Gi-coupled mGlu receptors also may exist on presynaptic elements of neighboring gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons where they play a role in heterosynaptic suppressions of GABA release. This suggests that these receptors may have evolved to monitor glutamate that has "spilled" out of the synapse. Thus, they may serve as the brain's evolutionary mechanism to prevent pathological changes in neuronal excitability and thus maintain homeostasis. Recent progress on the molecular and pharmacological aspects of these presynaptic mGlu receptors is unveiling their functions and the therapeutic directions of agents designed for these novel glutamate receptor targets.
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| Differential modulation of retinal ganglion cell light responses by orthosteric and allosteric metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 compounds. | Reed BT et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Effects of a metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 7 negative allosteric modulator in the periaqueductal grey on pain responses and rostral ventromedial medulla cell activity in rat. | Palazzo E et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Effects of metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands on male sexual behavior in rats. | Li X et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Excitotoxicity: bridge to various triggers in neurodegenerative disorders. | Mehta A et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Glutamate-based antidepressants: preclinical psychopharmacology. | Pilc A et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Glutamate-based anxiolytic ligands in clinical trials. | WieroΕska JM et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Glutamatergic targets for new alcohol medications. | Holmes A et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist LY379268 regulates AMPA receptor trafficking in prefrontal cortical neurons. | Wang MJ et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Homer proteins in CaΒ²βΊ entry. | Jardin I et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Improved spatial learning is associated with increased hippocampal but not prefrontal long-term potentiation in mGluR4 knockout mice. | Iscru E et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate 7 (mGlu7) receptor: a target for medication development for the treatment of cocaine dependence. | Li X et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Monitoring neuroprotective effects using positron emission tomography with [11C]ITMM, a radiotracer for metabotropic glutamate 1 receptor. | Yui J et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Preclinical and the first clinical studies on [11C]ITMM for mapping metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 by positron emission tomography. | Toyohara J et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Regulation of Hypothalamic Presympathetic Neurons and Sympathetic Outflow by Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. | Ye ZY et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Regulation of the brain-gut axis by group III metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Julio-Pieper M et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| SNARE proteins are essential in the potentiation of NMDA receptors by group II metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Cheng J et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The action of antidepressants on the glutamate system: regulation of glutamate release and glutamate receptors. | Musazzi L et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The changes in mGluR2 and mGluR7 expression in rat medial vestibular nucleus and flocculus following unilateral labyrinthectomy. | Zhou W et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, LY379268, decreases methamphetamine self-administration in rats. | Crawford JT et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The influence of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands on anxiety-like effect of amphetamine withdrawal in rats. | Koltunowska D et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The interaction between mGluR1 and the calcium channel Cavβ.β preserves coupling in the presence of long Homer proteins. | Beqollari D et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Activation of adenosineβ receptors induces antidepressant-like, anti-impulsive effects on differential reinforcement of low-rate 72-s behavior in rats. | Marek GJ | β | 2012 | β |
| Activation of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors by endogenous glutamate protects against glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity in the hippocampus in vivo. | Vera G et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Disruptions in the regulation of extracellular glutamate by neurons and glia in the rat striatum two days after diffuse brain injury. | Hinzman JM et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Effect of metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 genotype on N-acetylaspartate levels and neurocognition in non-smoking, active alcoholics. | Xia Y et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Effects of microinjections of Group II metabotropic glutamate agents into the amygdala on sleep. | Dong E et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Functional and pharmacological characteristics of metabotropic glutamate receptors 2/4 heterodimers. | Kammermeier PJ | β | 2012 | β |
| Glutamate receptor abnormalities in schizophrenia: implications for innovative treatments. | Rubio MD et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Glutamatergic modulation of auditory information processing in the human brain. | Gunduz-Bruce H et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors depress synaptic transmission onto subicular burst firing neurons. | Kintscher M et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Heroin self-administration experience establishes control of ventral tegmental glutamate release by stress and environmental stimuli. | Wang B et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Imaging for metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 in rat and monkey brains using PET with [18F]FITM. | Yamasaki T et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptors for new treatments in schizophrenia. | Herman EJ et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| mGlu receptors and drug addiction. | Cleva RM et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Multi-locus genome-wide association analysis supports the role of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the etiology of major depressive disorder. | Lee PH et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Neuropeptide transmission in brain circuits. | van den Pol AN | β | 2012 | β |
| Opposing efficacy of group III mGlu receptor activators, LSP1-2111 and AMN082, in animal models of positive symptoms of schizophrenia. | WieroΕska JM et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Targeting the glutamatergic system to treat major depressive disorder: rationale and progress to date. | Mathews DC et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The effects of muscimol and AMN082 injections into the medial prefrontal cortex on the expression and extinction of conditioned fear in mice. | Morawska MM et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The group 2 metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist LY379268 rescues neuronal, neurochemical and motor abnormalities in R6/2 Huntington's disease mice. | Reiner A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The orthosteric agonist 2-chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine activates mGluR5 and mGluR1 with similar efficacy and potency. | Kammermeier PJ | β | 2012 | β |
| Update on the neurobiology of schizophrenia: a role for extracellular microdomains. | Shan D et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Activation of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors inhibits the discriminative stimulus effects of alcohol via selective activity within the amygdala. | Cannady R et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Anxiolytic-like activity of MGS0039, a selective group II mGlu receptor antagonist, is serotonin- and GABA-dependent. | Stachowicz K et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Characterization of the selective mGluR1 antagonist, JNJ16259685, in rodent models of movement and coordination. | Hodgson RA et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Control of striatal signaling by g protein regulators. | Xie K et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Enhanced sensitivity to attenuation of conditioned reinstatement by the mGluR 2/3 agonist LY379268 and increased functional activity of mGluR 2/3 in rats with a history of ethanol dependence. | Kufahl PR et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Estradiol reduces dendritic spine density in the ventral striatum of female Syrian hamsters. | Staffend NA et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Exciting times beyond the brain: metabotropic glutamate receptors in peripheral and non-neural tissues. | Julio-Pieper M et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Fractionation of spatial memory in GRM2/3 (mGlu2/mGlu3) double knockout mice reveals a role for group II metabotropic glutamate receptors at the interface between arousal and cognition. | Lyon L et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Group II/III metabotropic glutamate receptors exert endogenous activity-dependent modulation of TRPV1 receptors on peripheral nociceptors. | Carlton SM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist ameliorates MK801-induced dysfunction of NMDA receptors via the Akt/GSK-3Ξ² pathway in adult rat prefrontal cortex. | Xi D et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors in the striatum of non-human primates: dysregulation following chronic cocaine self-administration. | Beveridge TJ et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Heterosynaptic crosstalk: GABA-glutamate metabotropic receptors interactively control glutamate release in solitary tract nucleus. | Fernandes LG et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| High affinity group III mGluRs regulate mossy fiber input to CA3 interneurons. | Cosgrove KE et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Huntington's disease and Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Ribeiro FM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor blockade in nucleus accumbens shell shifts affective valence towards fear and disgust. | Richard JM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 8 in the amygdala modulates thermal threshold, neurotransmitter release, and rostral ventromedial medulla cell activity in inflammatory pain. | Palazzo E et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| mGluRs modulate neuronal firing in the auditory midbrain. | Voytenko SV et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Nutraceuticals in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD): a review of mechanistic and clinical evidence. | Camfield DA et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Participation of metabotropic glutamate receptors in pentetrazol-induced kindled seizure. | Watanabe Y et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Prefrontal cortex and drug abuse vulnerability: translation to prevention and treatment interventions. | Perry JL et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Schizophrenia: redox regulation and volume neurotransmission. | BΓ³kkon I et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Solution-phase parallel synthesis and SAR of homopiperazinyl analogs as positive allosteric modulators of mGluβ. | Cheung YY et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Structural determinants of allosteric antagonism at metabotropic glutamate receptor 2: mechanistic studies with new potent negative allosteric modulators. | LundstrΓΆm L et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The ERBB4 intracellular domain (4ICD) regulates NRG1-induced gene expression in hippocampal neurons. | Allison JG et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The role of G protein-coupled receptors in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. | Thathiah A et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Translating glutamate: from pathophysiology to treatment. | Javitt DC et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Abnormal expressions of glutamate transporters and metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 in the spontaneously epileptic rat hippocampus. | Guo F et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Activation of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu)2 receptors suppresses histamine release in limbic brain regions following acute ketamine challenge. | Fell MJ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Behavioral and functional evidence of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 dysregulation in cocaine-escalated rats: factor in the transition to dependence. | Hao Y et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Cocaine-induced neuroadaptations in glutamate transmission: potential therapeutic targets for craving and addiction. | Schmidt HD et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Desire and dread from the nucleus accumbens: cortical glutamate and subcortical GABA differentially generate motivation and hedonic impact in the rat. | Faure A et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Drug-induced plasticity contributing to heightened relapse susceptibility: neurochemical changes and augmented reinstatement in high-intake rats. | Madayag A et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Effects of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 agonism and antagonism on schizophrenia-like cognitive deficits induced by phencyclidine in rats. | Amitai N et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Effects of the mGlu2/3 agonist LY379268 and the mGlu5 antagonist MTEP on ethanol seeking and reinforcement are differentially altered in rats with a history of ethanol dependence. | Sidhpura N et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Expression and purification of metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 peptides. | Isozumi N et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Genome-wide association scan of trait depression. | Terracciano A et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Glutamate regulation of GnRH neuron excitability. | Iremonger KJ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Glutamatergic (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor) hypofrontality in schizophrenia: too little juice or a miswired brain? | Marek GJ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu2/3) in drug addiction. | Moussawi K et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Interhemispheric regulation of the medial prefrontal cortical glutamate stress response in rats. | Lupinsky D et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 novel agonist LSP1-2111 with anxiolytic, but not antidepressant-like activity, mediated by serotonergic and GABAergic systems. | WieroΕska JM et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 activity in the nucleus accumbens is required for the maintenance of ethanol self-administration in a rat genetic model of high alcohol intake. | Besheer J et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Rapid microelectrode measurements and the origin and regulation of extracellular glutamate in rat prefrontal cortex. | Hascup ER et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The mGluR2 positive allosteric modulator BINA decreases cocaine self-administration and cue-induced cocaine-seeking and counteracts cocaine-induced enhancement of brain reward function in rats. | Jin X et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Activation of adenosine(1) (A(1)) receptors suppresses head shakes induced by a serotonergic hallucinogen in rats. | Marek GJ | β | 2009 | β |
| Altered G-protein coupling in an mGluR6 point mutant associated with congenital stationary night blindness. | Beqollari D et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in a glutamate receptor gene (GRM8) with theta power of event-related oscillations and alcohol dependence. | Chen AC et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Combined administration of an mGlu2/3 receptor agonist and a 5-HT 2A receptor antagonist markedly attenuate the psychomotor-activating and neurochemical effects of psychostimulants. | Uslaner JM et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Control of a depolarizing GABAergic input in an auditory coincidence detection circuit. | Tang ZQ et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Evidence group I mGluR drugs modulate the activation profile of lipopolysaccharide-exposed microglia in culture. | Farso MC et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Expression of Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors on phenotypically different cells within the nucleus of the solitary tract in the rat. | Austgen JR et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Group III mGlu receptor agonist, ACPT-I, attenuates morphine-withdrawal symptoms after peripheral administration in mice. | PaΕucha-Poniewiera A et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| In vitro and in vivo evidence for a lack of interaction with dopamine D2 receptors by the metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptor agonists 1S,2S,5R,6S-2-aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-bicaroxylate monohydrate (LY354740) and (-)-2-oxa-4-aminobicyclo[3.1.0] Hexane-4,6-dicarboxylic acid (LY379268). | Fell MJ et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands as potential therapeutics for addiction. | Olive MF | β | 2009 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptors in the tripartite synapse as a target for new psychotropic drugs. | WieroΕska JM et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Neurogenesis mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate signaling. | Nakamichi N et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Positive allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 for the treatment of schizophrenia. | Fraley ME | β | 2009 | β |
| Posttreatment with group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist 2R,4R-4-aminopyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate is only weakly effective on seizures in immature rats. | FolbergrovΓ‘ J et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Synaptogenesis in purified cortical subplate neurons. | McKellar CE et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The acute effects of NMDA antagonism: from the rodent to the human brain. | Gunduz-Bruce H | β | 2009 | β |
| The effects of group III mGluR ligands on pentylenetetrazol-induced kindling of seizures and hippocampal amino acids concentration. | Maciejak P et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The group III mGlu receptor agonist ACPT-I exerts anxiolytic-like but not antidepressant-like effects, mediated by the serotonergic and GABA-ergic systems. | Stachowicz K et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The neuropharmacology of relapse to food seeking: methodology, main findings, and comparison with relapse to drug seeking. | Nair SG et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The role of glutamate and its receptors in mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic regions in opioid addiction. | Guo Y et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| A PI3-kinase-mediated negative feedback regulates neuronal excitability. | Howlett E et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Band 4.1 proteins are expressed in the retina and interact with both isoforms of the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 8. | Rose M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Blunted cystine-glutamate antiporter function in the nucleus accumbens promotes cocaine-induced drug seeking. | Kau KS et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Calcium release via activation of presynaptic IP3 receptors contributes to kainate-induced IPSC facilitation in rat neocortex. | Mathew SS et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Capitalizing on extrasynaptic glutamate neurotransmission to treat antipsychotic-resistant symptoms in schizophrenia. | Krystal JH | β | 2008 | β |
| Contribution of cystine-glutamate antiporters to the psychotomimetic effects of phencyclidine. | Baker DA et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Corequirement of PICK1 binding and PKC phosphorylation for stable surface expression of the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR7. | Suh YH et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Effect of selective antagonists of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors on the micturition reflex in rats. | Guarneri L et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Efficacy and tolerability of an mGlu2/3 agonist in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. | Dunayevich E et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Endogenous homer proteins regulate metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling in neurons. | Kammermeier PJ | β | 2008 | β |
| Evidence for the role of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu)2 not mGlu3 receptors in the preclinical antipsychotic pharmacology of the mGlu2/3 receptor agonist (-)-(1R,4S,5S,6S)-4-amino-2-sulfonylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-4,6-dicarboxylic acid (LY404039). | Fell MJ et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Further evidence for a functional role of the glutamate receptor gene GRM3 in schizophrenia. | MΓΆssner R et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| GABA release under normal and ischemic conditions. | Saransaari P et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Glutamatergic Synaptic Dysfunction and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Ting JT et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| How adaptation of the brain to alcohol leads to dependence: a pharmacological perspective. | Clapp P et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Individual contribution of metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGlu) 2 and 3 to c-Fos expression pattern evoked by mGlu2/3 antagonism. | Hetzenauer A et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptors: phosphorylation and receptor signaling. | Kim CH et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Mood disorders: regulation by metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Pilc A et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Peripheral administration of group III mGlu receptor agonist ACPT-I exerts potential antipsychotic effects in rodents. | PaΕucha-Poniewiera A et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Presynaptic glutamate receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of action. | Pinheiro PS et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| RanBPM is expressed in synaptic layers of the mammalian retina and binds to metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Seebahn A et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in the control of neuroendocrine function. | Durand D et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Role of the glutamatergic system in nicotine dependence : implications for the discovery and development of new pharmacological smoking cessation therapies. | Liechti ME et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Synthesis and characterization of 8-ethynyl-1,3-dihydro-benzo[b][1,4]diazepin-2-one derivatives: part 2. New potent non-competitive metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 antagonists. | Woltering TJ et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| The group II metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGluR3, mGlu3, GRM3): expression, function and involvement in schizophrenia. | Harrison PJ et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Transposition of three amino acids transforms the human metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR)-3-positive allosteric modulation site to mGluR2, and additional characterization of the mGluR2-positive allosteric modulation site. | Rowe BA et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Uncovering genes for cognitive (dys)function and predisposition for alcoholism spectrum disorders: a review of human brain oscillations as effective endophenotypes. | Rangaswamy M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Activation of mGlu2/3 receptors as a new approach to treat schizophrenia: a randomized Phase 2 clinical trial. | Patil ST et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Activation of the mGlu7 receptor elicits antidepressant-like effects in mice. | Palucha A et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Activator protein-1 responsive to the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype in association with intracellular calcium in cultured rat cortical neurons. | Sugiyama C et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Amino-pyrrolidine tricarboxylic acids give new insight into group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activation mechanism. | Frauli M et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Amyloid beta protein modulates glutamate-mediated neurotransmission in the rat basal forebrain: involvement of presynaptic neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine and metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Chin JH et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Anxiolytic-like effect of group III mGlu receptor antagonist is serotonin-dependent. | Stachowicz K et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Colocalization of metabotropic glutamate receptors in rat dorsal root ganglion cells. | Carlton SM et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Combined administration of PHCCC, a positive allosteric modulator of mGlu4 receptors and ACPT-I, mGlu III receptor agonist evokes antidepressant-like effects in rats. | KΕak K et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Constitutive endocytosis of the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR7 is clathrin-independent. | Lavezzari G et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Distribution of group-III metabotropic glutamate receptors in the retina. | Quraishi S et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Effects of (S)-3,4-DCPG, an mGlu8 receptor agonist, on inflammatory and neuropathic pain in mice. | Marabese I et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Endogenous mGluR activity suppresses GABAergic transmission in avian cochlear nucleus magnocellularis neurons. | Lu Y | β | 2007 | β |
| Glutamate and its metabotropic receptor in Drosophila clock neuron circuits. | Hamasaka Y et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors reduce excitatory but not inhibitory neurotransmission in rat barrel cortex in vivo. | Cahusac PM et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors: a role in neurodevelopmental disorders? | Catania MV et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Habituation deficits induced by metabotropic glutamate receptors 2/3 receptor blockade in mice: reversal by antipsychotic drugs. | Bespalov A et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Homer 1a uncouples metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 from postsynaptic effectors. | Kammermeier PJ et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Interactive effects of the mGlu5 receptor antagonist MPEP and the mGlu2/3 receptor antagonist LY341495 on nicotine self-administration and reward deficits associated with nicotine withdrawal in rats. | Liechti ME et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| In vivo pharmacological characterization of the structurally novel, potent, selective mGlu2/3 receptor agonist LY404039 in animal models of psychiatric disorders. | Rorick-Kehn LM et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Involvement of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors in stress-induced behavioural sensitization. | Stam R et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptor activation induced reward deficits but did not aggravate brain reward deficits associated with spontaneous nicotine withdrawal in rats. | Liechti ME et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands as possible anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs. | Palucha A et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Pilc A et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| mGluR7 undergoes rapid internalization in response to activation by the allosteric agonist AMN082. | Pelkey KA et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Molecular targets for antiepileptic drug development. | Meldrum BS et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Mouse olfactory sensory neurons express 10,000 genes. | Sammeta N et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Neuroprotective activity of selective mGlu1 and mGlu5 antagonists in vitro and in vivo. | Szydlowska K et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Neurotransmitter receptor heteromers and their integrative role in 'local modules': the striatal spine module. | FerrΓ© S et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Periaqueductal gray metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 7 and 8 mediate opposite effects on amino acid release, rostral ventromedial medulla cell activities, and thermal nociception. | Marabese I et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Quantal release of ATP in mouse cortex. | Pankratov Y et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Repeated N-acetylcysteine administration alters plasticity-dependent effects of cocaine. | Madayag A et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Role of presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility. | Mandl P et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Role of spinal metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 in the development of tolerance to morphine-induced antinociception in rat. | Xu T et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Stimulation of the metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptor attenuates social novelty discrimination deficits induced by neonatal phencyclidine treatment. | Harich S et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Systemic and central amygdala injections of the mGluR(2/3) agonist LY379268 attenuate the expression of incubation of cocaine craving. | Lu L et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Systemic and central amygdala injections of the mGluR2/3 agonist LY379268 attenuate the expression of incubation of sucrose craving in rats. | Uejima JL et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| The effects of the mGluR5 antagonist MPEP and the mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 on rats' performance in the 5-choice serial reaction time task. | Semenova S et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| The influence of group III metabotropic glutamate receptor stimulation by (1S,3R,4S)-1-aminocyclo-pentane-1,3,4-tricarboxylic acid on the parkinsonian-like akinesia and striatal proenkephalin and prodynorphin mRNA expression in rats. | Konieczny J et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| The preclinical properties of a novel group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist LY379268. | Imre G | β | 2007 | β |
| Activation of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors attenuates both stress and cue-induced ethanol-seeking and modulates c-fos expression in the hippocampus and amygdala. | Zhao Y et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Activation of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors in the nucleus accumbens shell attenuates context-induced relapse to heroin seeking. | Bossert JM et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Are compounds acting at metabotropic glutamate receptors the answer to treating depression? | Palucha A | β | 2006 | β |
| BDNF occludes GABA receptor-mediated inhibition of GABA release in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. | Mizoguchi Y et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Behavioural pharmacology: 40+ years of progress, with a focus on glutamate receptors and cognition. | Robbins TW et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Blockade of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors in the nucleus accumbens produces hyperlocomotion in rats previously exposed to amphetamine. | Chi H et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Cellular plasticity cascades: targets for the development of novel therapeutics for bipolar disorder. | Zarate CA et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Concomitant deficits in working memory and fear extinction are functionally dissociated from reduced anxiety in metabotropic glutamate receptor 7-deficient mice. | Callaerts-Vegh Z et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Difference in time course of modulation of synaptic transmission by group II versus group III metabotropic glutamate receptors in region CA1 of the hippocampus. | Giocomo LM et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Effects of mGlu2 or mGlu3 receptor deletions on mGlu2/3 receptor agonist (LY354740)-induced brain c-Fos expression: specific roles for mGlu2 in the amygdala and subcortical nuclei, and mGlu3 in the hippocampus. | Linden AM et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Group III metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated, chemically induced long-term depression differentially affects cell viability in the hippocampus. | Naie K et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Improved bioavailability of the mGlu2/3 receptor agonist LY354740 using a prodrug strategy: in vivo pharmacology of LY544344. | Rorick-Kehn LM et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Involvement of anteroventral third ventricular AMPA/kainate receptors in both hyperosmotic and hypovolemic AVP secretion in conscious rats. | Yamaguchi K et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonism attenuates cue-induced cocaine seeking. | BΓ€ckstrΓΆm P et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Mechanisms of action of current and potential pharmacotherapies of obsessive-compulsive disorder. | El Mansari M et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists and agonists: potential neuroprotectors in diffuse brain injury. | Fei Z et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists selectively enhance responses of slowly adapting type I mechanoreceptors. | Cahusac PM et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Ferraguti F et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| mGluR7's lucky number. | Conn PJ et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Modulation of GABAergic inhibition in the rat superior colliculus by a presynaptic group II metabotropic glutamate receptor. | Neale SA et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Multi-target strategies for the improved treatment of depressive states: Conceptual foundations and neuronal substrates, drug discovery and therapeutic application. | Millan MJ | β | 2006 | β |
| Neural circuitry and neuroplasticity in mood disorders: insights for novel therapeutic targets. | Carlson PJ et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| NMDA and group I metabotropic glutamate receptors activation modulates substance P release from the arcuate nucleus and median eminence. | Caruso C et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Pattern-specific synaptic mechanisms in a multifunctional network. II. Intrinsic modulation by metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Lieske SP et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Pharmacological stimulation of group ii metabotropic glutamate receptors reduces cocaine self-administration and cocaine-induced reinstatement of drug seeking in squirrel monkeys. | Adewale AS et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Surface clustering of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 induced by long Homer proteins. | Kammermeier PJ | β | 2006 | β |
| Synthesis of a bis-azido analogue of acromelic acid for radioisotope-free photoaffinity labeling and biochemical studies. | Sun P et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| The calyx of Held. | Schneggenburger R et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| The glutamate story. | Watkins JC et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| The metabotropic glutamate G-protein-coupled receptors mGluR3 and mGluR1a are voltage-sensitive. | Ohana L et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| The metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 is internalized and desensitized upon protein kinase C activation. | Mathiesen JM et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| The mGlu2/3 receptor agonist LY354740 suppresses immobilization stress-induced increase in rat prefrontal cortical BDNF mRNA expression. | Lee Y et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Activation of group II mGlu receptors blocks the enhanced drug taking induced by previous exposure to amphetamine. | Kim JH et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Anatomy and pharmacology of cocaine priming-induced reinstatement of drug seeking. | Schmidt HD et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Anteroventral third ventricular N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, but not metabotropic glutamate receptors are involved in hemorrhagic AVP secretion. | Yamaguchi K et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Anxiolytic-like activity of the mGLU2/3 receptor agonist LY354740 in the elevated plus maze test is disrupted in metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 and 3 knock-out mice. | Linden AM et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| A selective metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 agonist: activation of receptor signaling via an allosteric site modulates stress parameters in vivo. | Mitsukawa K et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Comparison of the effects of diazepam, the CRF1 antagonist CP-154,526 and the group II mGlu receptor agonist LY379268 on stress-evoked extracellular norepinephrine levels. | Lorrain DS et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Differential roles of mGlu8 receptors in the regulation of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid release at periaqueductal grey level. | Marabese I et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Distribution and abundance of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 2 in rat brain revealed by [3H]LY354740 binding in vitro and quantitative radioautography: correlation with the sites of synthesis, expression, and agonist stimulation of [35S]GTPgammas binding. | Richards G et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Effects of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 on latent inhibition in conditioned taste aversion. | Bills C et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Enhanced cocaine responsiveness and impaired motor coordination in metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 2 knockout mice. | Morishima Y et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Expression of groups I and II metabotropic glutamate receptors in the rat brain during aging. | Simonyi A et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Global ischemia downregulates the function of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. | Yeh TH et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Glutamatergic neurotransmission and protein kinase C play a role in neuron-glia communication during the development of methamphetamine-induced psychological dependence. | Miyatake M et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors stimulate the activity of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in mammalian mGlu1-transfected cells and in cortical cell cultures. | Meli E et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Innovative approaches for the development of antidepressant drugs: current and future strategies. | Schechter LE et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Involvement of spinal metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the development of tolerance to morphine-induced antinociception. | Narita M et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Melatonin decreases calcium levels in retinotectal axons of Xenopus laevis by indirect activation of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Prada C et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8-expressing nerve terminals target subsets of GABAergic neurons in the hippocampus. | Ferraguti F et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptors as novel targets for anxiety and stress disorders. | Swanson CJ et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Modulation of retino-collicular transmission by Group III metabotropic glutamate receptors at different ages during development. | Lacey CJ et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Neurobiology of relapse to heroin and cocaine seeking: an update and clinical implications. | Bossert JM et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Pharmacological characterization of stress-induced hyperthermia in DBA/2 mice using metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptor ligands. | Rorick-Kehn LM et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Phencyclidine-induced impairment in attention and response control depends on the background genotype of mice: reversal by the mGLU(2/3) receptor agonist LY379268. | Greco B et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Preliminary evidence of attenuation of the disruptive effects of the NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist, ketamine, on working memory by pretreatment with the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, LY354740, in healthy human subjects. | Krystal JH et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Seizures induced in immature rats by homocysteic acid and the associated brain damage are prevented by group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist (2R,4R)-4-aminopyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate. | FolbergrovΓ‘ J et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Serotonin 5-HT2C receptors as a target for the treatment of depressive and anxious states: focus on novel therapeutic strategies. | Millan MJ | β | 2005 | β |
| Suppression of alcohol self-administration and cue-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking by the mGlu2/3 receptor agonist LY379268 and the mGlu8 receptor agonist (S)-3,4-DCPG. | BΓ€ckstrΓΆm P et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| The excitatory amino acid transporters: pharmacological insights on substrate and inhibitor specificity of the EAAT subtypes. | Bridges RJ et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| The metabotropic glutamate (mGLU)2/3 receptor antagonist LY341495 [2S-2-amino-2-(1S,2S-2-carboxycyclopropyl-1-yl)-3-(xanth-9-yl)propanoic acid] stimulates waking and fast electroencephalogram power and blocks the effects of the mGLU2/3 receptor agonist ly379268 [(-)-2-oxa-4-aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-4,6-dicarboxylate] in rats. | Feinberg I et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| The mGluR5 antagonist MPEP decreases operant ethanol self-administration during maintenance and after repeated alcohol deprivations in alcohol-preferring (P) rats. | Schroeder JP et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Unmasking group III metabotropic glutamate autoreceptor function at excitatory synapses in the rat CNS. | Billups B et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Activation of Group II and Group III metabotropic glutamate receptors by endogenous ligand(s) and the modulation of synaptic transmission in the superficial superior colliculus. | Thompson H et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Anxiolytic activity of the MGLU2/3 receptor agonist LY354740 on the elevated plus maze is associated with the suppression of stress-induced c-Fos in the hippocampus and increases in c-Fos induction in several other stress-sensitive brain regions. | Linden AM et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Anxiolytic-like effects of MTEP, a potent and selective mGlu5 receptor agonist does not involve GABA(A) signaling. | Klodzinska A et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Anxiolytic-like effects of PHCCC, an allosteric modulator of mGlu4 receptors, in rats. | Stachowicz K et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| A role of ventral tegmental area glutamate in contextual cue-induced relapse to heroin seeking. | Bossert JM et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Chronic ethanol-induced subtype- and subregion-specific decrease in the mRNA expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors in rat hippocampus. | Simonyi A et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Cranial afferent glutamate heterosynaptically modulates GABA release onto second-order neurons via distinctly segregated metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Jin YH et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Divergent evolution in metabotropic glutamate receptors. A new receptor activated by an endogenous ligand different from glutamate in insects. | Mitri C et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Emerging experimental therapeutics for bipolar disorder: clues from the molecular pathophysiology. | Quiroz JA et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Endocannabinoids and their implications for epilepsy. | Alger BE | β | 2004 | β |
| Expression of a truncated secreted form of the mGluR3 subtype of metabotropic glutamate receptor. | Yao Y et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| GCP II (NAALADase) inhibition suppresses mossy fiber-CA3 synaptic neurotransmission by a presynaptic mechanism. | Sanabria ER et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Group III metabotropic glutamate receptors maintain tonic inhibition of excitatory synaptic input to hypocretin/orexin neurons. | Acuna-Goycolea C et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Independent presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms regulate endocannabinoid signaling at multiple synapses in the ventral tegmental area. | Riegel AC et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Inhibitory effects of group II mGluR-related drugs on memory performance in mice. | Sato T et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| In vivo modulation of extracellular hippocampal glutamate and GABA levels and limbic seizures by group I and II metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands. | Smolders I et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptors modulate ischemia-induced GABA release in mouse hippocampal slices. | Saransaari P et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Potential pleiotropic effects of Mpdz on vulnerability to seizures. | Fehr C et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Preferential effects of the metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptor agonist LY379268 on conditioned reinstatement versus primary reinforcement: comparison between cocaine and a potent conventional reinforcer. | Baptista MA et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Pursuit of roles for metabotropic glutamate receptors in the anteroventral third ventricular region in regulating vasopressin secretion and cardiovascular function in conscious rats. | Yamaguchi K et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Regulation of transmitter release by high-affinity group III mGluRs in the supraoptic nucleus of the rat hypothalamus. | Panatier A et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and metabotropic glutamate receptors in nicotine reinforcement: potential pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation. | Markou A et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Serotonergic/glutamatergic interactions: the effects of mGlu2/3 receptor ligands in rats trained with LSD and PCP as discriminative stimuli. | Winter JC et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Somatostatin inhibits glutamate release from mouse cerebrocortical nerve endings through presynaptic sst2 receptors linked to the adenylyl cyclase-protein kinase A pathway. | Grilli M et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Targeting metabotropic glutamate receptors for treatment of the cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. | Moghaddam B | β | 2004 | β |
| The mGlu2/3 receptor agonist, LY354740, blocks immobilization-induced increases in noradrenaline and dopamine release in the rat medial prefrontal cortex. | Swanson CJ et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| The mGlu2/3 receptor agonist LY379268 injected into cortex or thalamus decreases neuronal injury in retrosplenial cortex produced by NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801: possible implications for psychosis. | Carter K et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| The selective mGlu2/3 receptor antagonist LY341495 exacerbates behavioral signs of morphine withdrawal and morphine-withdrawal-induced activation of locus coeruleus neurons. | Rasmussen K et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| The ups and downs of addiction: role of metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Kenny PJ et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Actions of LY341495 on metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated responses in the neonatal rat spinal cord. | Howson PA et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptor mGlu5 on nuclear membranes mediates intranuclear Ca2+ changes in heterologous cell types and neurons. | O'Malley KL et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Antidepressant and anxiolytic-like effects in mice lacking the group III metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR7. | Cryan JF et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Baseline glutamate levels affect group I and II mGluRs in layer V pyramidal neurons of rat sensorimotor cortex. | Bandrowski AE et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Candidate gene analysis of the human metabotropic glutamate receptor type 4 (GRM4) in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. | Izzi C et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| GABAB receptor-mediated presynaptic potentiation of ATP ionotropic receptors in rat midbrain synaptosomes. | GΓ³mez-Villafuertes R et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Glutamate-dependent glutamine, aspartate and serine release from rat cortical glial cell cultures. | Rao TS et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Glutamate metabotropic receptors as targets for drug therapy in epilepsy. | Moldrich RX et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Group III metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated modulation of the striatopallidal synapse. | Valenti O et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Group III metabotropic glutamate receptors as autoreceptors in the cerebellar cortex. | Lorez M et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors bind to protein phosphatase 1C. Mapping and modeling of interacting sequences. | Croci C et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| High level of mGluR7 in the presynaptic active zones of select populations of GABAergic terminals innervating interneurons in the rat hippocampus. | Somogyi P et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Increased c-Fos expression in the centromedial nucleus of the thalamus in metabotropic glutamate 8 receptor knockout mice following the elevated plus maze test. | Linden AM et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Molecular aspects of glutamate dysregulation: implications for schizophrenia and its treatment. | Konradi C et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| NMDA receptor antagonist effects, cortical glutamatergic function, and schizophrenia: toward a paradigm shift in medication development. | Krystal JH et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Phenylglycine derivatives as antagonists of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors expressed on neonatal rat primary afferent terminals. | Miller JC et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Physiological roles and therapeutic potential of metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Conn PJ | β | 2003 | β |
| Pre and postsynaptic effects of metabotropic glutamate receptor activation on neonatal rat hypoglossal motoneurons. | Donato R et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Presynaptic modulation controlling neuronal excitability and epileptogenesis: role of kainate, adenosine and neuropeptide Y receptors. | Malva JO et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Priming of excitatory synapses by alpha1 adrenoceptor-mediated inhibition of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors. | Gordon GR et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Seizures induced by homocysteic acid in immature rats are prevented by group III metabotropic glutamate receptoragonist (R,S)-4-phosphonophenylglycine. | FolbergrovΓ‘ J et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Subunit selective decrease of AMPA and metabotropic glutamate receptor mRNA expression in rat brain by systemic administration of the NMDA receptor blocker MK-801. | Storvik M et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of novel 2-diarylethyl substituted (2-carboxycycloprop-1-yl)glycines as high-affinity group II metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands. | SΓΈrensen US et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| The mGluR5 antagonist MPEP decreased nicotine self-administration in rats and mice. | Paterson NE et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| The neurobiology and control of anxious states. | Millan MJ | β | 2003 | β |
| Toluene-induced locomotor activity is blocked by 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the nucleus accumbens and the mGluR2/3 agonist LY379268. | Riegel AC et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Cardiovascular responses to activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors in the nTS of the rat. | Viard E et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| CXC chemokine receptors in the central nervous system: Role in cerebellar neuromodulation and development. | Ragozzino D | β | 2002 | β |
| Group I and II metabotropic glutamate receptors modulate respiratory activity in the lamprey. | Bongianni F et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Localization and function of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors in rat pancreatic islets. | Tong Q et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor expression in the rat superior cervical ganglion. | Kammermeier PJ et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Multiple MPEP administrations evoke anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in rats. | Pilc A et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Performance deficits of mGluR8 knockout mice in learning tasks: the effects of null mutation and the background genotype. | Gerlai R et al. | β | 2002 | β |