Age and gender effects in EEG coherence: II. Boys with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
- Authors
- Barry, Robert J; Clarke, Adam R; McCarthy, Rory; Selikowitz, Mark; Johnstone, Stuart J; Hsu, Ching-I; Bond, Dominique; Wallace, Mark J; Magee, Christopher A
- Year
- 2005
- Journal
- Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
- PMID
- 15792908
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.clinph.2004.10.002
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated intra-hemispheric and inter-hemispheric EEG coherences as a function of age in boys with different subtypes of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD), in comparison with a control group of normal boys. METHODS: Three groups of 40 children (AD/HD combined type, AD/HD inattentive type, and normal controls) participated. Each group contained 8 males in each 1 year band from 8 to 12 years. EEG was recorded from 21 sites during an eyes-closed resting condition. Wave-shape coherence was calculated for 8 intra-hemispheric electrode pairs (4 in each hemisphere), and 8 inter-hemispheric electrode pairs, within each of the delta, theta, alpha and beta bands. RESULTS: Developmental effects in intra-hemispheric coherences at shorter and longer inter-electrode distances generally supported Thatcher's two-compartment model. Control boys showed evidence of development in longer-range inter-hemispheric coherences which was not apparent in AD/HD boys. Boys with AD/HD of the combined type showed qualitatively different anomalies than boys with AD/HD of the inattentive type. CONCLUSIONS: EEG coherences in normal boys of this age range develop systematically with age in a non-linear fashion. Boys with AD/HD do not show this development. They display coherence anomalies which differ in nature between DSM-IV subtypes, suggesting differences which are not relatable to simple symptom severity. SIGNIFICANCE: The data reported here indicate differences in the development of EEG coherences in boys with AD/HD, and point to differences between the AD/HD subtypes which may help understanding of the disorder.
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