The changing environment and population obesity in the United States.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Jeffery, Robert W; Utter, Jennifer
- Year
- 2003
- Journal
- Obesity research
- PMID
- 14569035
- DOI
- 10.1038/oby.2003.221
The recent unexpected increases in the prevalence of obesity in the United States are widely agreed to be the result of changes in environmental conditions. This paper reviews the available data from diverse sources on environmental factors and obesity. Coverage includes descriptive data on temporal trends in the environment, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of the association between environmental exposures and body weight, and experimental trials that have related environmental factors thought to be potentially important in influencing energy intake and expenditure and body weight. Over the period covered by the "obesity epidemic," a variety of environmental factors have changed dramatically. Some would seem to favor increased body weight (e.g., increased availability of convenience foods and increased use of automobiles and televised entertainment), and others would seem to favor decreased body weight (e.g., a lower-fat food supply and the increased availability of some forms of physical activity). Definitive conclusions about the relative contributions of energy intake and expenditure to increasing body weight or about the contribution of specific environmental exposures to increasing body weight are far from clear. Increased sophistication in methods for making valid inferences from existing environmental data would be helpful. Even more important, given the urgency of the problem, is experimental research on the question of what environmental changes would be necessary to reverse the obesity epidemic.
No figures extracted from this document.
No chunks — full text not yet ingested.
No entities extracted from this document yet.
No uploaded files.
Not in any collection.
No citations found.
In this knowledge base
| Title | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|
| The emerging link between alcoholism risk and obesity in the United States. | 2010 | 21135330 |
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biological Differences between Late 19<sup>th</sup> and Early 20<sup>th</sup> Century Urban and Rural Residence. | Carson SA | — | 2023 | → |
| The prevalence and associated factors of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity in South-eastern of Iran: a cross-sectional study based on Rafsanjan cohort study. | Sadeghi T et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Prenatal Effects of Nicotine on Obesity Risks: A Narrative Review. | White O et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Relative Reinforcing Value of Cookies Is Higher Among Head Start Preschoolers With Obesity. | Eagleton SG et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Childhood obesity and the associated rise in cardiometabolic complications. | Caprio S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Increased Oxidative Stress, Altered Trace Elements, and Macro-Minerals Are Associated with Female Obesity. | Amin MN et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Association between environmental factors and BMI: evidence from recent immigrants from developing countries. | Katare B et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Evaluating Potential Behavioral Mediators for Increasing Similarity in Friends' Body Size among College Students. | van Woerden I et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Food Addiction: Implications for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Overeating. | Adams RC et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Increased concentration of serum MDA, decreased antioxidants and altered trace elements and macro-minerals are linked to obesity among Bangladeshi population. | Adnan MT et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Trends in obesity prevalence among Brazilian adults from 2002 to 2013 by educational level. | Gomes DCK et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| CT predicts liver fibrosis: Prospective evaluation of morphology- and attenuation-based quantitative scores in routine portal venous abdominal scans. | Obmann VC et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The association of emotion-driven impulsiveness, cognitive inflexibility and decision-making with weight status in European adolescents. | Coumans JMJ et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The Social Determinants of Health Core: Taking a Place-Based Approach. | Scribner RA et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Training response inhibition to reduce food consumption: Mechanisms, stimulus specificity and appropriate training protocols. | Adams RC et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Weekday snacking prevalence, frequency, and energy contribution have increased while foods consumed during snacking have shifted among Australian children and adolescents: 1995, 2007 and 2011-12 National Nutrition Surveys. | Fayet-Moore F et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Biological, environmental, and social influences on childhood obesity. | Campbell MK | — | 2016 | → |
| Changes in Body Mass Index and Obesity Risk in Married Couples Over 25 Years: The ARIC Cohort Study. | Cobb LK et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Macronutrient and micronutrient intakes of children in Oklahoma child-care centres, USA. | Rasbold AH et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| The impact of home, work, and church environments on fat intake over time among rural residents: a longitudinal observational study. | Haardörfer R et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Trends in state/territorial obesity prevalence by race/ethnicity among U.S. low-income, preschool-aged children. | Pan L et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| What is really causing the obesity epidemic? A review of reviews in children and adults. | Ross SE et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Incidental rewarding cues influence economic decisions in people with obesity. | Simmank J et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Racial/ethnic differences in obesity trends among young low-income children. | Pan L et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Differential perceptions of body image and body weight among adults of different socioeconomic status in a sub-urban population. | Maruf FA et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| II. Physical activity: measurement and behavioral patterns in children and youth. | Wójcicki TR et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Improving the design of nutrition labels to promote healthier food choices and reasonable portion sizes. | Roberto CA et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Maternal obesity and increased risk for autism and developmental delay among very preterm infants. | Reynolds LC et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Refeeding and metabolic syndromes: two sides of the same coin. | Obeid OA et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Incidence of obesity among young U.S. children living in low-income families, 2008-2011. | Pan L et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Socio-environmental influences on physical activity among young people: a qualitative study. | Kirby J et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Lifestyle patterns associated with diet, physical activity, body mass index and amount of recent weight loss in a sample of successful weight losers. | Fuglestad PT et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Obesity trends and perinatal outcomes in black and white teenagers. | Halloran DR et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US immigrants: results of the 2003 New Immigrant Survey. | Choi JY | — | 2012 | → |
| Successful development of satiety enhancing food products: towards a multidisciplinary agenda of research challenges. | Van Kleef E et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Effects of a multi-pronged intervention on children's activity levels at recess: the Aventuras para Niños study. | Elder JP et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Effects of neighborhood walkability on healthy weight: assessing selection and causal influences. | Smith KR et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Greek children living in rural areas are heavier but fitter compared to their urban counterparts: a comparative, time-series (1997-2008) analysis. | Tambalis KD et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Individual and area-level socioeconomic associations with fast food purchasing. | Thornton LE et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Legislative solutions to unhealthy eating and obesity in Australia. | MacKay S | — | 2011 | → |
| Links between adolescent physical activity, body mass index, and adolescent and parent characteristics. | Williams SL et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| What the UK public believes causes obesity, and what they want to do about it: a cross-sectional study. | Chambers SA et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Overall and central obesity incidence in an urban Portuguese population. | Camões M et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Perimenopausal obesity. | Keller C et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Storing empty calories and chronic disease risk: snack-food products, nutritive content, and manufacturers in Philadelphia corner stores. | Lucan SC et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| The emerging link between alcoholism risk and obesity in the United States. | Grucza RA et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| [The impact of consumer behavior on the development of overweight children. An overview]. | Reisch LA et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Availability of healthy foods and dietary patterns: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. | Franco M et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Changing prevalence of obesity in a rural community between 1977 and 2003: a multiple cross-sectional study. | Chen Y et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Effects of integrating pedometers, parental materials, and E-mail support within an extracurricular school sport intervention. | Lubans DR et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Exploring the mechanisms of weight loss in the SHED-IT intervention for overweight men: a mediation analysis. | Lubans DR et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Food intake and prevalence of obesity in Brazil: an ecological analysis. | Lobato JC et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Parental and environmental factors associated with physical activity among children participating in an active video game. | Paez S et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Segmentation of overweight Americans and opportunities for social marketing. | Kolodinsky J et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Anthropometric reference values in an Afro-Caribbean adolescent population. | Nichols SD et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Appetitive traits and child obesity: measurement, origins and implications for intervention. | Carnell S et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Associations of the local food environment with diet quality--a comparison of assessments based on surveys and geographic information systems: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. | Moore LV et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Availability of healthier options in traditional and nontraditional rural fast-food outlets. | Creel JS et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Availability of recreational resources in minority and low socioeconomic status areas. | Moore LV et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Comparing Perception-Based and Geographic Information System (GIS)-based characterizations of the local food environment. | Moore LV et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Differential effect of birthplace and length of residence on body mass index (BMI) by education, gender and race/ethnicity. | Sanchez-Vaznaugh EV et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Evolutionary origins of obesity. | Bellisari A | — | 2008 | → |
| Food, eating, and weight concerns of men in recovery from substance addiction. | Cowan J et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Immigration and generational trends in body mass index and obesity in the United States: results of the National Latino and Asian American Survey, 2002-2003. | Bates LM et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Impact of the food environment and physical activity environment on behaviors and weight status in rural U.S. communities. | Casey AA et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Increasing nutrition literacy: testing the effectiveness of print, web site, and game modalities. | Silk KJ et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Obesity and the built environment: changes in environmental cues cause energy imbalances. | Cohen DA | — | 2008 | → |
| Overweight and obesity: the role of education, employment and income in Spanish adults. | Martín AR et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Primary prevention of childhood obesity: an interdisciplinary analysis. | Hilbert A et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Rural-urban differences in physical activity, physical fitness, and overweight prevalence of children. | Joens-Matre RR et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Sources of food group intakes among the US population, 2001-2002. | Bachman JL et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| The interaction between impulsivity and a varied food environment: its influence on food intake and overweight. | Guerrieri R et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Environmental correlates of physical activity in youth - a review and update. | Ferreira I et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| Family restaurant choices are associated with child and adult overweight status in Mexican-American families. | Duerksen SC et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| Sugar intake, soft drink consumption and body weight among British children: further analysis of National Diet and Nutrition Survey data with adjustment for under-reporting and physical activity. | Gibson S et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| What determines public support of obesity prevention? | Hilbert A et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| Wise Mind project: a school-based environmental approach for preventing weight gain in children. | Williamson DA et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| Are fast food restaurants an environmental risk factor for obesity? | Jeffery RW et al. | — | 2006 | → |
| Body image and weight control in young adults: international comparisons in university students from 22 countries. | Wardle J et al. | — | 2006 | → |
| Effects of breastfeeding on weight changes in family-based pediatric obesity treatment. | Goldfield GS et al. | — | 2006 | → |
| [Health-risks associated with Western diet and sedentariness: the obesity epidemia]. | Gutiérrez-Fisac JL et al. | — | 2006 | → |
| Observations of parent-child co-shoppers in supermarkets: children's involvement in food selections, parental yielding, and refusal strategies. | O'Dougherty M et al. | — | 2006 | → |
| Racial and ethnic differences in secular trends for childhood BMI, weight, and height. | Freedman DS et al. | — | 2006 | → |
| Shaping the context of health: a review of environmental and policy approaches in the prevention of chronic diseases. | Brownson RC et al. | — | 2006 | → |
| Tackling the obesity pandemic: a call for sedentary behaviour research. | Spanier PA et al. | — | 2006 | → |
| Weight-control practices among U.S. adults, 2001-2002. | Weiss EC et al. | — | 2006 | → |
| Are child eating patterns being transformed globally? | Adair LS et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Competing dietary claims for weight loss: finding the forest through truculent trees. | Katz DL | — | 2005 | → |
| Evidence for secular trends in children's physical activity behaviour. | Dollman J et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Lack of relationship between calcium intake and body size in an obesity-prone population. | Venti CA et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Perceptions of local neighbourhood environments and their relationship to childhood overweight and obesity. | Timperio A et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Racial differences in the tracking of childhood BMI to adulthood. | Freedman DS et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Stature and adiposity among children in contrasting neighborhoods in the city of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. | Moffat T et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Understanding the aetiology of childhood obesity: implications for treatment. | Wardle J | — | 2005 | → |
| America's obesity epidemic: measuring physical activity to promote an active lifestyle. | Keim NL et al. | — | 2004 | → |
| Environmental factors that increase the food intake and consumption volume of unknowing consumers. | Wansink B | — | 2004 | → |
| Obesity and nutrition in women throughout adulthood. | Morin KH et al. | — | 2004 | → |
| The nutrition transition: worldwide obesity dynamics and their determinants. | Popkin BM et al. | — | 2004 | → |
| Trends in energy and macronutrient intakes, body weight and physical activity in female university students (1988-2003), and effects of excluding under-reporters. | Warwick PM et al. | — | 2004 | → |
| Behavioral interventions for obesity: recognizing our progress and future challenges. | Wing RR | — | 2003 | → |
| Combating obesity: challenges and choices. | Peters JC | — | 2003 | → |
| Self-regulation of energy intake in the prevention and treatment of obesity: is it feasible? | Lowe MR | — | 2003 | → |
| The obesity epidemic: contextual influences on physical activity and body weight. | Ball K et al. | — | 2003 | → |