A polarizing question: do M1 and M2 microglia exist?
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Ransohoff, Richard M
- Year
- 2016
- Journal
- Nature neuroscience
- PMID
- 27459405
- DOI
- 10.1038/nn.4338
Microglial research has entered a fertile, dynamic phase characterized by novel technologies including two-photon imaging, whole-genome transcriptomic and epigenomic analysis with complementary bioinformatics, unbiased proteomics, cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF; Fluidigm) cytometry, and complex high-content experimental models including slice culture and zebrafish. Against this vivid background of newly emerging data, investigators will encounter in the microglial research literature a body of published work using the terminology of macrophage polarization, most commonly into the M1 and M2 phenotypes. It is the assertion of this opinion piece that microglial polarization has not been established by research findings. Rather, the adoption of this schema was undertaken in an attempt to simplify data interpretation at a time when the ontogeny and functional significance of microglia had not yet been characterized. Now, terminology suggesting established meaningful pathways of microglial polarization hinders rather than aids research progress and should be discarded.
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| The neuroinflammatory role of microglia in Alzheimer's disease and their associated therapeutic targets. | AmeliMojarad M et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| The role of microglia heterogeneity in synaptic plasticity and brain disorders: Will sequencing shed light on the discovery of new therapeutic targets? | You Y et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| The role of microglia in neurological diseases with involvement of extracellular vesicles. | Xie H et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| The Roles of RhoA/ROCK/NF-κB Pathway in Microglia Polarization Following Ischemic Stroke. | Lu W et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| The theragnostic advances of exosomes in managing leukaemia. | Ghosh S et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Tmem119 expression is downregulated in a subset of brain metastasis-associated microglia. | Ma W et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Toward discovering a novel family of peptides targeting neuroinflammatory states of brain microglia and astrocytes. | Koss KM et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| TREM2 regulates BV2 microglia activation and influences corticosterone-induced neuroinflammation in depressive disorders. | Shi J et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Unraveling the enigma: housekeeping gene <i>Ugt1a7c</i> as a universal biomarker for microglia. | Kim W et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Unraveling the molecular complexity: Wtap/Ythdf1 and Lcn2 in novel traumatic brain injury secondary injury mechanisms. | Ma C et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Unraveling the Role of the Blood-Brain Barrier in the Pathophysiology of Depression: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. | Varghese SM et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Vitamin D: The crucial neuroprotective factor for nerve cells. | Shi Y et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| A breakdown of metabolic reprogramming in microglia induced by CKLF1 exacerbates immune tolerance in ischemic stroke. | Ma WY et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Activation of the CD200/CD200R1 axis attenuates neuroinflammation and improves postoperative cognitive dysfunction via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway in aged mice. | Qian H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Acute ischemia induces spatially and transcriptionally distinct microglial subclusters. | Li H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| A Distinct Microglial Cell Population Expressing Both CD86 and CD206 Constitutes a Dominant Type and Executes Phagocytosis in Two Mouse Models of Retinal Degeneration. | Zhang Y et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Drives Modest Neuroinflammation but Does Not Escalate Drinking in Male Rats. | Wooden JI et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Advances in the knowledge on the role of apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain in hemorrhagic stroke. | Pei X et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Allergic airway inflammation delays glioblastoma progression and reinvigorates systemic and local immunity in mice. | Poli A et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Alteration in mitochondrial dynamics promotes the proinflammatory response of microglia and is involved in cerebellar dysfunction of young and aged mice following LPS exposure. | Ghosh D et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Alzheimer's disease: The role of T lymphocytes in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. | Asamu MO et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| An In Vitro and Ex Vivo Analysis of the Potential of GelMA Hydrogels as a Therapeutic Platform for Preclinical Spinal Cord Injury. | Walsh CM et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| A novel role of lactate: Promotion of Akt-dependent elongation of microglial process. | Hong H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| APOE and immunity: Research highlights. | Kloske CM et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| A polarizing answer - microglia in Nasu-Hakola disease. | Bennett ML | — | 2023 | → |
| A richer and more diverse future for microglia phenotypes. | Wang J et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Arterial Baroreflex Dysfunction Promotes Neuroinflammation by Activating the Platelet CD40L/Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling Pathway in Microglia and Astrocytes. | Kong D et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| A unique cell population expressing the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-transcription factor Snail moderates microglial and astrocyte injury responses. | Clarkson-Paredes C et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| A Window to the Brain: The Retina to Monitor the Progression and Efficacy of Saffron Repron<sup>®</sup> Pre-Treatment in an LPS Model of Neuroinflammation and Memory Impairment. | Di Paolo M et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Cells of the Central Nervous System: An Overview of Their Structure and Function. | Bigbee JW | — | 2023 | → |
| Cell type specific transcriptomic differences in depression show similar patterns between males and females but implicate distinct cell types and genes. | Maitra M et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Cellular Prion Protein Attenuates OGD/R-Induced Damage by Skewing Microglia toward an Anti-inflammatory State via Enhanced and Prolonged Activation of Autophagy. | Shao J et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Cellular senescence in brain aging and cognitive decline. | Shafqat A et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Cerebral endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles regulate microglial polarization and promote autophagy via delivery of miR-672-5p. | Wang C et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Circadian modulation of microglial physiological processes and immune responses. | Guzmán-Ruiz MA et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Concussion: Beyond the Cascade. | Neumann KD et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Current Knowledge about the Peritumoral Microenvironment in Glioblastoma. | Trevisi G et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Deletion of PTEN in microglia ameliorates chronic neuroinflammation following repetitive mTBI. | Pearson A et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Endocannabinoid signaling in microglia. | Marinelli S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Endometriosis leads to central nervous system-wide glial activation in a mouse model of endometriosis. | Bashir ST et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Exercise improves cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation in mice through Histone H3 lactylation in microglia. | Han H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Exploring microglia and their phenomenal concatenation of stress responses in neurodegenerative disorders. | Asveda T et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Extracellular vesicles from the CNS play pivotal roles in neuroprotection and neurodegeneration: lessons from <i>in vitro</i> experiments. | Colvett I et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Friends or foes: The mononuclear phagocyte system in ischemic stroke. | Ziqing Z et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| From static to dynamic: live observation of the support system after ischemic stroke by two photon-excited fluorescence laser-scanning microscopy. | Wu X et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Genetic Deletion of cyclooxygenase-1 ameliorates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in 5×FAD mice | Wang J et al. | — | 2023 | — |
| Glial Cells Response in Stroke. | Jadhav P et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| GSK-3β: An exuberating neuroinflammatory mediator in Parkinson's disease. | Samim Khan S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| How Many Alzheimer-Perusini's Atypical Forms Do We Still Have to Discover? | Donato L et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| H<sub>2</sub>S-RhoA/ROCK Pathway and Glial Cells in Axonal Remyelination After Ischemic Stroke. | Lu W et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation supplemented with curcumin improves the outcomes of ischemic stroke via AKT/GSK-3β/β-TrCP/Nrf2 axis. | Li Y et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Identification of the molecular mechanism of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1): a promising therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases associated with metabolic syndrome. | Arjunan A et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Iguratimod Ameliorates the Severity of Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis in Model Mice by Directly Inhibiting IL-6 Production and Th17 Cell Migration via Mitigation of Glial Inflammation. | Nagata S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Immunological Profile of Vasospasm after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. | Romoli M et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Innate immune dysfunction and neuroinflammation in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). | Hughes HK et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Interactions between microglia and glioma in tumor microenvironment. | Tao JC et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Intraocular delivery of ZIF-90-RhB-GW2580 nanoparticles prevents the progression of photoreceptor degeneration. | Cao P et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| LAG-3 expression in microglia regulated by IFN-γ/STAT1 pathway and metalloproteases. | Morisaki Y et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Lipocalin-2: a therapeutic target to overcome neurodegenerative diseases by regulating reactive astrogliosis. | Jung BK et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Looking to the Future of the Role of Macrophages and Extracellular Vesicles in Neuroinflammation in ALS. | Carata E et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Low-dose LPS alleviates early brain injury after SAH by modulating microglial M1/M2 polarization via USP19/FOXO1/IL-10/IL-10R1 signaling. | Tao W et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| LPS-Activated Microglial Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium Protects HT22 Neuronal Cells against Glutamate-Induced Ferroptosis. | Jacques MT et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Maturation, Morphology, and Function: The Decisive Role of Intestinal Flora on Microglia: A Review. | Liu L et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Mechanisms of prion-induced toxicity. | Mercer RCC et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Melatonin Activates Anti-Inflammatory Features in Microglia in a Multicellular Context: Evidence from Organotypic Brain Slices and HMC3 Cells. | Merlo S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes regulate microglia phenotypes: a promising treatment for acute central nervous system injury. | Liu YY et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Metabolic Reprogramming of Microglia in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy: Insights from Neuroinflammation. | Gao S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Metabolic reprogramming regulates microglial polarization and its role in cerebral ischemia reperfusion. | Sun XR et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microenvironmental modulation in tandem with human stem cell transplantation enhances functional recovery after chronic complete spinal cord injury. | Hashimoto S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglia activation in central nervous system disorders: A review of recent mechanistic investigations and development efforts. | Qin J et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglia and Astrocytes in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Disease-Associated States, Pathological Roles, and Therapeutic Potential. | You J et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglia-Astrocyte Interaction in Neural Development and Neural Pathogenesis. | Sun M et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglia dynamic response and phenotype heterogeneity in neural regeneration following hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. | Quan H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglia Exhibit Distinct Heterogeneity Rather than M1/M2 Polarization within the Early Stage of Acute Ischemic Stroke. | Ma H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglia in Alzheimer's disease: pathogenesis, mechanisms, and therapeutic potentials. | Miao J et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanism and potential therapeutic targets. | Gao C et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglial Activation and Priming in Alzheimer's Disease: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. | Bivona G et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglial Activation in Metal Neurotoxicity: Impact in Neurodegenerative Diseases. | Martínez-Hernández MI et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglial Activation: Key Players in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy. | Hu J et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglial crosstalk with astrocytes and immune cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. | Calafatti M et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglial depletion after brain injury prolongs inflammation and impairs brain repair, adult neurogenesis and pro-regenerative signaling. | Palsamy K et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglial IL-1RA ameliorates brain injury after ischemic stroke by inhibiting astrocytic CXCL1-mediated neutrophil recruitment and microvessel occlusion. | Huang X et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglial phagocytosis dysfunction in stroke is driven by energy depletion and induction of autophagy. | Beccari S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglial Senescence and Activation in Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Disease: Systematic Review and Neuropathological Scoring. | Malvaso A et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglia Mediated Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease. | Isik S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglia secrete distinct sets of neurotoxins in a stimulus-dependent manner. | Bernath AK et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Microglia-specific knock-out of NF-κB/IKK2 increases the accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein through the inhibition of p62/sequestosome-1-dependent autophagy in the rotenone model of Parkinson's disease. | Rocha SM et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| MiR-124 Reduced Neuroinflammation after Traumatic Brain Injury by Inhibiting TRAF6. | Yang Y et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Progression. | Andronie-Cioara FL et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Muscone promotes functional recovery by facilitating microglia polarization into M2 phenotype through PPAR-γ pathway after ischemic stroke. | Liu F et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Muse cells decrease the neuroinflammatory response by modulating the proportion of M1 and M2 microglia <i>in vitro</i>. | Yin XY et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Myeloidcells in the immunosuppressive microenvironment in glioblastoma: The characteristics and therapeutic strategies. | Huang B et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Nanomaterial payload delivery to central nervous system glia for neural protection and repair. | Saksena J et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Neuroimmune mechanisms and therapies mediating post-ischaemic brain injury and repair. | Shichita T et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Neuroimmunomodulatory properties of polysialic acid. | Gretenkort L et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Neuroinflammation catching nanobubbles for microglia-neuron unit modulation against epilepsy. | Wang X et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Neuroinflammation, memory, and depression: new approaches to hippocampal neurogenesis. | Wu A et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Non-Coding RNA in Microglia Activation and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease. | He C et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Noteworthy perspectives on microglia in neuropsychiatric disorders. | Zhu H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| NOX2 inhibition enables retention of the circadian clock in BV2 microglia and primary macrophages. | Muthukumarasamy I et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Oxygen-Glucose Deprived Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Protect Against Ischemic Stroke. | Otsu Y et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Focus on Neuroinflammation. | Li J et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Reactive astrogliosis: A friend or foe in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. | Kumar A et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Reactive gliosis and neuroinflammation: prime suspects in the pathophysiology of post-acute neuroCOVID-19 syndrome. | Saucier J et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Reduced secretion of LCN2 (lipocalin 2) from reactive astrocytes through autophagic and proteasomal regulation alleviates inflammatory stress and neuronal damage. | Jung BK et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| RIP3-mediated microglial necroptosis promotes neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy. | Huang Z et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Role of Microglia in Psychostimulant Addiction. | da Silva MCM et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Roles of microglia in adult hippocampal neurogenesis in depression and their therapeutics. | Fang S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Sesamol alleviates manganese-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment via regulating the microglial cGAS-STING/NF-κB pathway. | Wu J et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Sex differences in the inflammatory response to stroke. | Tariq MB et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Spinal voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 contributes to neuropathic pain via the promotion of microglial M1 polarization and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. | Yuan X et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Spliceosomal GTPase Eftud2 regulates microglial activation and polarization. | Yang GC et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Tackling the glial scar in spinal cord regeneration: new discoveries and future directions. | Shafqat A et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The Dialogue Between Neuroinflammation and Adult Neurogenesis: Mechanisms Involved and Alterations in Neurological Diseases. | Amanollahi M et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The dual role of microglia in neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury: Detrimental and protective effects. | Sun C et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The effects and potential of microglial polarization and crosstalk with other cells of the central nervous system in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. | Wu YG et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The effects of microglia-associated neuroinflammation on Alzheimer's disease. | Wang C et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The human P2X7 receptor alters microglial morphology and cytokine secretion following immunomodulation. | von Mücke-Heim IA et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The Implication of Glial Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Alzheimer's Disease. | de Lima IBQ et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The Implications of Microglial Regulation in Neuroplasticity-Dependent Stroke Recovery. | Qiao C et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The key roles of reactive oxygen species in microglial inflammatory activation: Regulation by endogenous antioxidant system and exogenous sulfur-containing compounds. | Fan H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The multifaceted role of macrophages in homeostatic and injured skeletal muscle. | Wang X et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The origin of brain malignancies at the blood-brain barrier. | McDonald B et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The Pathological Activation of Microglia Is Modulated by Sexually Dimorphic Pathways. | O'Connor JL et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The Physio-Pathological Role of Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Expressed by Microglia in Health and Disease with a Focus on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. | Balbi M et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The reciprocal interactions between microglia and T cells in Parkinson's disease: a double-edged sword. | Xu Y et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The role of signaling crosstalk of microglia in hippocampus on progression of ageing and Alzheimer's disease. | Li H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Primary CNS Neoplasms: A Review of Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Approaches. | Kalluri AL et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The Ying and Yang of Hydrogen Sulfide as a Paracrine/Autocrine Agent in Neurodegeneration: Focus on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. | Spalloni A et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Toll-like receptor 4-mediated microglial inflammation exacerbates early white matter injury following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. | Peng J et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| TREM2: Potential therapeutic targeting of microglia for Alzheimer's disease. | Li Y et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Understanding microglial responses in large animal models of traumatic brain injury: an underutilized resource for preclinical and translational research. | Grovola MR et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Untangling senescent and damage-associated microglia in the aging and diseased brain. | Ng PY et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Updated Understanding of the Glial-Vascular Unit in Central Nervous System Disorders. | Yao D et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Using Stems to Bear Fruit: Deciphering the Role of Alzheimer's Disease Risk Loci in Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Microglia. | Wickstead ES | — | 2023 | → |
| Vitamin B complex suppresses neuroinflammation in activated microglia: in vitro and in silico approach combined with dynamical modeling. | Rakić M et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| β-Sitosterol Alleviates Neuropathic Pain by Affect Microglia Polarization through Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. | Zheng Y et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| 4R-cembranoid protects neuronal cells from oxygen-glucose deprivation by modulating microglial cell activation. | Fu H et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| ACT001 attenuates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury via inhibiting AKT/NFκB/NLRP3 pathway. | Cai L et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Adolescent neuroimmune function and its interaction with alcohol. | Doremus-Fitzwater TL et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Advanced in vitro models: Microglia in action. | Cakir B et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Advanced therapeutic strategies targeting microglia: beyond neuroinflammation. | Kwon MS | — | 2022 | → |
| Advances in Visualizing Microglial Cells in Human Central Nervous System Tissue. | Uff CEG et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Alantolactone reduced neuron injury via activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. | Zhou F et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Alzheimer's Disease: From Immune Homeostasis to Neuroinflammatory Condition. | Princiotta Cariddi L et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Alzheimer's disease is an inherent, natural part of human brain aging: an integrated perspective. | Ferrer I | — | 2022 | → |
| Analysis of Givinostat/ITF2357 Treatment in a Rat Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage. | Pawelec P et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Animal and Cellular Models of Alzheimer's Disease: Progress, Promise, and Future Approaches. | Trujillo-Estrada L et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| APOE in the bullseye of neurodegenerative diseases: impact of the APOE genotype in Alzheimer's disease pathology and brain diseases. | Fernández-Calle R et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Astrocyte polarization in glaucoma: a new opportunity. | Liu YX et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Beneficial and detrimental functions of microglia during viral encephalitis. | Waltl I et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Biological Potential, Gastrointestinal Digestion, Absorption, and Bioavailability of Algae-Derived Compounds with Neuroprotective Activity: A Comprehensive Review. | Martins B et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Chemerin enhances mesenchymal features of glioblastoma by establishing autocrine and paracrine networks in a CMKLR1-dependent manner. | Wu J et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| CNS Antigen-Specific Neuroinflammation Attenuates Ischemic Stroke With Involvement of Polarized Myeloid Cells. | Guse K et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| CNS remyelination and inflammation: From basic mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. | Franklin RJM et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Cognitive Impairments and blood-brain Barrier Damage in a Mouse Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion. | Yang L et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Constitutively active microglial populations limit anorexia induced by the food contaminant deoxynivalenol. | Gaige S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Culture shock: microglial heterogeneity, activation, and disrupted single-cell microglial networks in vitro. | Cadiz MP et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Current and Possible Future Therapeutic Options for Huntington's Disease. | Ferguson MW et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Depletion of iNOS-positive inflammatory cells decelerates neuronal degeneration and alleviates cerebral ischemic damage by suppressing the inflammatory response. | Li T et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Differential perivascular microglial activation in the deep white matter in vascular dementia developed post-stroke. | Hase Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Different Roles of Resident and Non-resident Macrophages in Cardiac Fibrosis. | Hu S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Directed evolution of adeno-associated virus for efficient gene delivery to microglia. | Lin R et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Discovery and engineering of an anti-TREM2 antibody to promote amyloid plaque clearance by microglia in 5XFAD mice. | Zhao P et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Disease-associated microglial activation prevents photoreceptor degeneration by suppressing the accumulation of cell debris and neutrophils in degenerating rat retinas. | He J et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Diversity of transcriptomic microglial phenotypes in aging and Alzheimer's disease. | Boche D et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Dopamine D3 receptor in the nucleus accumbens alleviates neuroinflammation in a mouse model of depressive-like behavior. | Wang J et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Dynamics of Microglia Activation in the Ischemic Brain: Implications for Myelin Repair and Functional Recovery. | Raffaele S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Early posttraumatic CSF1R inhibition via PLX3397 leads to time- and sex-dependent effects on inflammation and neuronal maintenance after traumatic brain injury in mice. | Wang Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Editorial Focus: White matter-associated microglia (WAMs) represent an important link between aging, white matter disease and microglial activity. | Roseborough AD et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Europium-Doped Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles for Microglial Amyloid Beta Clearance and Homeostasis. | Machhi J et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Exploring the Pro-Phagocytic and Anti-Inflammatory Functions of PACAP and VIP in Microglia: Implications for Multiple Sclerosis. | Jansen MI et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Galectin-3 regulates microglial activation and promotes inflammation through TLR4/MyD88/NF-kB in experimental autoimmune uveitis. | Liu Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Glial Dysfunction and Its Contribution to the Pathogenesis of the Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses. | Takahashi K et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Glioblastoma Microenvironment: From an Inviolable Defense to a Therapeutic Chance. | Di Nunno V et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Glycolytic metabolism supports microglia training during age-related neurodegeneration. | Camacho-Morales A | — | 2022 | → |
| GPETAFLR, a peptide from Lupinus <i>angustifolius</i> L. prevents inflammation in microglial cells and confers neuroprotection in brain. | Lemus-Conejo A et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Hotair and Malat1 Long Noncoding RNAs Regulate Bdnf Expression and Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Differentiation. | Khani-Habibabadi F et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Immune responses in the injured olfactory and gustatory systems: a role in olfactory receptor neuron and taste bud regeneration? | Lakshmanan HG et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Improved cognition impairment by activating cannabinoid receptor type 2: Modulating CREB/BDNF expression and impeding TLR-4/NFκBp65/M1 microglia signaling pathway in D-galactose-injected ovariectomized rats. | Abd El-Rahman SS et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| IN BRAIN POST-ISCHEMIC PLASTICITY, Na<sup>+</sup>/Ca<sup>2+</sup> EXCHANGER 1 AND Ascl1 INTERVENE IN MICROGLIA-DEPENDENT CONVERSION OF ASTROCYTES INTO NEURONAL LINEAGE. | Casamassa A et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Inflammaging and Brain: Curcumin and Its Beneficial Potential as Regulator of Microglia Activation. | Cianciulli A et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| LncRNA, an Emerging Approach for Neurological Diseases Treatment by Regulating Microglia Polarization. | Gao X et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Stroke. | Ollen-Bittle N et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| Microglia and Astrocyte Function and Communication: What Do We Know in Humans? | Garland EF et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia and Stem-Cell Mediated Neuroprotection after Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia. | Brégère C et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia as the Critical Regulators of Neuroprotection and Functional Recovery in Cerebral Ischemia. | Gaire BP | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia depletion exacerbates retinal ganglion cell loss in a mouse model of glaucoma. | Tan Z et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia dynamics in aging-related neurobehavioral and neuroinflammatory diseases. | Javanmehr N et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease: a Key Player in the Transition Between Homeostasis and Pathogenesis. | McFarland KN et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease: An Unprecedented Opportunity as Prospective Drug Target. | Kulkarni B et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia in Circumventricular Organs: The Pineal Gland Example. | Muñoz EM | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia in depression: an overview of microglia in the pathogenesis and treatment of depression. | Wang H et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglial autophagy in cerebrovascular diseases. | Chen M et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglial Dynamics Modulate Vestibular Compensation in a Rodent Model of Vestibulopathy and Condition the Expression of Plasticity Mechanisms in the Deafferented Vestibular Nuclei. | El Mahmoudi N et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglial Endocannabinoid Signalling in AD. | Scipioni L et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglial Inflammatory-Metabolic Pathways and Their Potential Therapeutic Implication in Major Depressive Disorder. | Rahimian R et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglial polarization differentially affects neuronal vulnerability to the β-amyloid protein: Modulation by melatonin. | Merlo S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity after stroke. | Wang Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation: A Potential Target for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. | Wang M et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia Modulate Cortical Spreading Depolarizations After Ischemic Stroke: A Narrative Review. | Kearns KN et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia Pyroptosis: A Candidate Target for Neurological Diseases Treatment. | Wu X et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia: Rheostats of space radiation effects in the CNS microenvironment. | Kerry O'Banion M | — | 2022 | → |
| Microglia states and nomenclature: A field at its crossroads. | Paolicelli RC et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| MicroRNAs modulate neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage: Prospects for new therapy. | Xia S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| miR-204-containing exosomes ameliorate GVHD-associated dry eye disease. | Zhou T et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Modulation of Inflammatory Mediators and Microglial Activation Through Physical Exercise in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases. | de Almeida EJR et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Modulation of microglial activation by antidepressants. | Mariani N et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Modulation of Microglia M2 Polarization and Alleviation of Hippocampal Neuron Injury By MiR-106b-5p/RGMa in a Mouse Model of Status Epilepticus. | Yu T et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Molecular regulation of neuroinflammation in glaucoma: Current knowledge and the ongoing search for new treatment targets. | Tezel G | — | 2022 | → |
| MORPHIOUS: an unsupervised machine learning workflow to detect the activation of microglia and astrocytes. | Silburt J et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Myeloid cells in retinal and brain degeneration. | Guo M et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Necroptosis and Neuroinflammation in Retinal Degeneration. | Tao Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation are linked, but independent of alpha-synuclein inclusions, in a seeding/spreading mouse model of Parkinson's disease. | Garcia P et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Neuroinflammation and Parkinson's Disease-From Neurodegeneration to Therapeutic Opportunities. | Araújo B et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Neuroinflammation Following Traumatic Brain Injury: Take It Seriously or Not. | Zheng RZ et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Neuroinflammation in Friedreich's Ataxia. | Apolloni S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Neuroinflammation of microglia polarization in intracerebral hemorrhage and its potential targets for intervention. | Yang G et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Neuroinflammation of traumatic brain injury: Roles of extracellular vesicles. | Liu X et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Neuroinflammation PET imaging of the translocator protein (TSPO) in Alzheimer's disease: An update. | Gouilly D et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| New insights into glial scar formation after spinal cord injury. | Tran AP et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor ameliorates ischemic stroke by reprogramming the phenotype of microglia/macrophage in a murine model of distal middle cerebral artery occlusion. | Jia H et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Non-invasive photobiomodulation treatment in an Alzheimer Disease-like transgenic rat model. | Yang L et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Opioid receptor activation suppresses the neuroinflammatory response by promoting microglial M2 polarization. | Mali AS et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Oxytocin and microglia in the development of social behaviour. | Gonzalez A et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Pathogenesis, therapeutic strategies and biomarker development based on "omics" analysis related to microglia in Alzheimer's disease. | Gao C et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| PET Imaging of Fructose Metabolism in a Rodent Model of Neuroinflammation with 6-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro-6-deoxy-D-fructose. | Boyle AJ et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Plasma IL-12/IFN-γ axis predicts cognitive trajectories in cognitively unimpaired older adults. | Yang HS et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Pleiotropic effects of the COX-2/PGE2 axis in the glioblastoma tumor microenvironment. | Dean PT et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Possible role of arginase 1 positive microglia on depressive/anxiety-like behaviors in atopic dermatitis mouse model. | Yang B et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Potential of Cellular Therapy for ALS: Current Strategies and Future Prospects. | Lin TJ et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Progress in Research on TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response Mechanisms in Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. | Wang L et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Reducing neuroinflammation via therapeutic compounds and lifestyle to prevent or delay progression of Parkinson's disease. | Kip E et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Restorative therapy using microglial depletion and repopulation for central nervous system injuries and diseases. | Shi W et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Roles of Fatty Acids in Microglial Polarization: Evidence from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies on Neurodegenerative Diseases. | Sanjay et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| SARS-CoV-2 and Multiple Sclerosis: Potential for Disease Exacerbation. | MacDougall M et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Sex-distinct microglial activation and myeloid cell infiltration in the spinal cord after painful peripheral injury. | Huck NA et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the immune cell landscape in the aged mouse brain after ischemic stroke. | Li X et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Specific Silencing of Microglial Gene Expression in the Rat Brain by Nanoparticle-Based Small Interfering RNA Delivery. | Guo S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Synthetic cannabinoids reduce the inflammatory activity of microglia and subsequently improve neuronal survival in vitro. | Young AP et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Targeting polarized phenotype of microglia via IL6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling to reduce NSCLC brain metastasis. | Jin Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Targeting Systemic Innate Immune Cells as a Therapeutic Avenue for Alzheimer Disease. | Pons V et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Taurolithocholic acid but not tauroursodeoxycholic acid rescues phagocytosis activity of bone marrow-derived macrophages under inflammatory stress. | Wu S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Reduces Neuroinflammation but Does Not Support Long Term Functional Recovery of Rats with Spinal Cord Injury. | Wu S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Blood-Brain Barrier-A Key Player in Multiple Sclerosis Disease Mechanisms. | Schreiner TG et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The complex interactions between the cellular and non-cellular components of the brain tumor microenvironmental landscape and their therapeutic implications. | Faisal SM et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Contribution of the Locus Coeruleus-Noradrenaline System Degeneration during the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. | Mercan D et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The dual function of microglial polarization and its treatment targets in ischemic stroke. | Mo Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Effect of C-Phycocyanin on Microglia Activation Is Mediated by Toll-like Receptor 4. | Piovan A et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The effects of electrical stimulation on glial cell behaviour. | Tsui CT et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Effects of Modified Curcumin Preparations on Glial Morphology in Aging and Neuroinflammation. | Ullah F et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Emerging Role of Central and Peripheral Immune Systems in Neurodegenerative Diseases. | Zang X et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The functional and structural associations of aberrant microglial activity in major depressive disorder. | Cakmak JD et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The hypothalamus for whole-body physiology: from metabolism to aging. | Liu T et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The liver X receptors agonist GW3965 attenuates depressive-like behaviors and suppresses microglial activation and neuroinflammation in hippocampal subregions in a mouse depression model. | Li J et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Many Roles of Macrophages in Skeletal Muscle Injury and Repair. | Wang X et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The multiple faces of extracellular vesicles released by microglia: Where are we 10 years after? | Gabrielli M et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The neuroprotective effects and transdifferentiation of astrocytes into dopaminergic neurons of Ginkgolide K on Parkinson' disease mice. | Miao Q et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The past, present, and future of research on neuroinflammation-induced mild cognitive impairment: A bibliometric analysis. | Cai M et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Putative Role of Astaxanthin in Neuroinflammation Modulation: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. | Wang S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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| The relationships between neuroglial and neuronal changes in Alzheimer's disease, and the related controversies II: <b>gliotherapies and multimodal therapy</b>. | Toledano-Díaz A et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The role of inflammation in neurodegeneration: novel insights into the role of the immune system in C9orf72 HRE-mediated ALS/FTD. | Masrori P et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The role of microglial exosomes in brain injury. | Chen Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The roles of microglia and astrocytes in phagocytosis and myelination: Insights from the cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis. | Sen MK et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The roles of microglia in neural remodeling during retinal degeneration. | Gao H et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Time dependent analysis of rat microglial surface markers in traumatic brain injury reveals dynamics of distinct cell subpopulations. | Gottlieb A et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| TLR4-Pathway-Associated Biomarkers in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH): Potential Targets for Future Anti-Inflammatory Therapies. | Heinz R et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Transmembrane protein 119 is neither a specific nor a reliable marker for microglia. | Vankriekelsvenne E et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| TREM2 dependent and independent functions of microglia in Alzheimer's disease. | Hou J et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Tumor-Associated Macrophages Correlate With Prognosis in Medulloblastoma. | Zhang J et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Gliomas-Basic Insights and Treatment Opportunities. | Andersen JK et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Tumor-Derived Exosomes in Tumor-Induced Immune Suppression. | Hao Q et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Ultrastructural analysis of the morphological phenotypes of microglia associated with neuroinflammatory cues. | Dyne E et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| White matter microglia heterogeneity in the CNS. | Amor S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Worldwide productivity and research trend of publications concerning glioma-associated macrophage/microglia: A bibliometric study. | Liu YY et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Activated microglia facilitate the transmission of α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease. | Zheng T et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Acute and non-resolving inflammation associate with oxidative injury after human spinal cord injury. | Zrzavy T et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Aggregated Tau-PHF6 (VQIVYK) Potentiates NLRP3 Inflammasome Expression and Autophagy in Human Microglial Cells. | Panda C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Ameliorative effects of miR-423-5p against polarization of microglial cells of the M1 phenotype by targeting a NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. | Cheng J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| An Air Particulate Pollutant Induces Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in Human Brain Models. | Kang YJ et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Annexin A1 protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating microglia/macrophage polarization via FPR2/ALX-dependent AMPK-mTOR pathway. | Xu X et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Astrocyte Heterogeneity in Multiple Sclerosis: Current Understanding and Technical Challenges. | Lo CH et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Astrocyte phenotypes: Emphasis on potential markers in neuroinflammation. | Bozic I et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Astrocytes and microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: Lessons from human in vitro models. | Franklin H et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Atxn2-CAG100-KnockIn mouse spinal cord shows progressive TDP43 pathology associated with cholesterol biosynthesis suppression. | Canet-Pons J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| A versatile nanocomposite based on nanoceria for antibacterial enhancement and protection from aPDT-aggravated inflammation via modulation of macrophage polarization. | Sun Y et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Axonal Injuries Cast Long Shadows: Long Term Glial Activation in Injured and Contralateral Retinas after Unilateral Axotomy. | González-Riquelme MJ et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Beyond Activation: Characterizing Microglial Functional Phenotypes. | Lier J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Brain injury and repair after intracerebral hemorrhage: The role of microglia and brain-infiltrating macrophages. | Dasari R et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| CCR2 deficiency alters activation of microglia subsets in traumatic brain injury. | Somebang K et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| CD4+ effector T cells accelerate Alzheimer's disease in mice. | Machhi J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Cellular and Molecular Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Linking Lung Infection to the Brain. | Francistiová L et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Characterizing Highly Cited Papers in Mass Cytometry through H-Classics. | Di Zeo-Sánchez DE et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Chinese nutraceuticals and physical activity; their role in neurodegenerative tauopathies. | Alausa A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Chronic intermittent ethanol and lipopolysaccharide exposure differentially alter Iba1-derived microglia morphology in the prelimbic cortex and nucleus accumbens core of male Long-Evans rats. | Siemsen BM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Chronic pain and neuroinflammation. | Vergne-Salle P et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Cross-Talk of the CNS With Immune Cells and Functions in Health and Disease. | Matejuk A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| CTLA4-Mediated Immunosuppression in Glioblastoma is Associated with the Infiltration of Macrophages in the Tumor Microenvironment. | Guan X et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Decreased MEF2A Expression Regulated by Its Enhancer Methylation Inhibits Autophagy and May Play an Important Role in the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. | Li H et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Decreased pH in the aging brain and Alzheimer's disease. | Decker Y et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Deficient Leptin Cellular Signaling Plays a Key Role in Brain Ultrastructural Remodeling in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. | Hayden MR et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Differential Cytokine-Induced Responses of Polarized Microglia. | Chauhan P et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Differential Expression Patterns of TDP-43 in Single Moderate versus Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice. | Janković T et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Diisopropylfluorophosphate-induced status epilepticus drives complex glial cell phenotypes in adult male mice. | Maupu C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Diverse changes in microglia morphology and axonal pathology during the course of 1 year after mild traumatic brain injury in pigs. | Grovola MR et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Does Modern Lifestyle Favor Neuroimmunometabolic Changes? A Path to Obesity. | Marques CG et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Don't know what you got till it's gone: microglial depletion and neurodegeneration. | Graykowski D et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Dual Roles of Microglia in the Basal Ganglia in Parkinson's Disease. | Choudhury ME et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Dynamic glial response and crosstalk in demyelination-remyelination and neurodegeneration processes. | Chu T et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Dysfunction of RNA/RNA-Binding Proteins in ALS Astrocytes and Microglia. | Rossi S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Early administration of MPC-n(IVIg) selectively accumulates in ischemic areas to protect inflammation-induced brain damage from ischemic stroke. | Jin W et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Effects of Haloperidol, Risperidone, and Aripiprazole on the Immunometabolic Properties of BV-2 Microglial Cells. | Racki V et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Effects of norepinephrine on microglial neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain. | Zou HL et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Emerging Role of PD-1 in the Central Nervous System and Brain Diseases. | Zhao J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Enhanced Microglia Activation and Glioma Tumor Progression by Inflammagen Priming in Mice with Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Type 2 Deficiency. | Liao CK et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Epigenetic Regulations of Microglia/Macrophage Polarization in Ischemic Stroke. | Qiu M et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Evaluation of immune status in testis and macrophage polarization associated with testicular damage in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. | Zheng W et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Exploring genes that control microglial heterogeneity and transition. | Okajima T et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Expression of Cntn1 is regulated by stress and associated with anxiety and depression phenotypes. | Li S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| From positron emission tomography to cell analysis of the 18-kDa Translocator Protein in mild traumatic brain injury. | Delage C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Functional Mechanism of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Animal Models with Alzheimer's Disease: Inhibition of Neuroinflammation. | Qin C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Family Ligands, Players at the Interface of Neuroinflammation and Neuroprotection: Focus Onto the Glia. | Kotliarova A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Glial PAMPering and DAMPening of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis. | Parkitny L et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Gliotoxicity and Glioprotection: the Dual Role of Glial Cells. | Quincozes-Santos A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Hypothalamic Microglial Heterogeneity and Signature under High Fat Diet-Induced Inflammation. | Mendes NF et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Hypoxic Preconditioning Enhances the Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Conditioned Medium in Switching Microglia toward Anti-inflammatory Polarization in Ischemia/Reperfusion. | Yu H et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| IKK2/NF-κB Activation in Astrocytes Reduces amyloid β Deposition: A Process Associated with Specific Microglia Polarization. | Yang S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| IL-17 signaling induces iNOS+ microglia activation in retinal vascular diseases. | Zhou T et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Immune Response in Neurological Pathology: Emerging Role of Central and Peripheral Immune Crosstalk. | Passaro AP et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Immunotherapies for Neurodegenerative Diseases. | Mortada I et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Impact of hydroxytyrosol on stroke: tracking therapy response on neuroinflammation and cerebrovascular parameters using PET-MR imaging and on functional outcomes. | Barca C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Increasing Severity of Spinal Cord Injury Results in Microglia/Macrophages With Annular-Shaped Morphology and No Change in Expression of CD40 and Tumor Growth Factor-β During the Chronic Post-injury Stage. | Akhmetzyanova ER et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Inflammation Spreading: Negative Spiral Linking Systemic Inflammatory Disorders and Alzheimer's Disease. | Ni J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Influenza A Virus (H1N1) Infection Induces Microglial Activation and Temporal Dysbalance in Glutamatergic Synaptic Transmission. | Düsedau HP et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Inhibition of CSF1R, a receptor involved in microglia viability, alters behavioral and molecular changes induced by cocaine. | da Silva MCM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Interplay Between Microglia and Alzheimer's Disease-Focus on the Most Relevant Risks: APOE Genotype, Sex and Age. | Chen Y et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Interplay between Müller cells and microglia aggravates retinal inflammatory response in experimental glaucoma. | Hu X et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Lipid droplets in the nervous system. | Ralhan I et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Little Helpers or Mean Rogue-Role of Microglia in Animal Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. | Cihankaya H et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Loss of Wip1 aggravates brain injury after ischaemia/reperfusion by overactivating microglia. | Yan F et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| <i>N</i>-Adamantyl Phthalimidine: A New Thalidomide-like Drug That Lacks Cereblon Binding and Mitigates Neuronal and Synaptic Loss, Neuroinflammation, and Behavioral Deficits in Traumatic Brain Injury and LPS Challenge. | Hsueh SC et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia: A Double-Edged Sword in Intracerebral Hemorrhage From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Research. | Liu J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia and Central Nervous System-Associated Macrophages-From Origin to Disease Modulation. | Prinz M et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia and Neuroinflammation: What Place for P2RY12? | Gómez Morillas A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia-derived interleukin-10 accelerates post-intracerebral hemorrhage hematoma clearance by regulating CD36. | Li Q et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia-Derived Interleukin 23: A Crucial Cytokine in Alzheimer's Disease? | Nitsch L et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease: A Target for Therapeutic Intervention. | Zhang G et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia in depression: current perspectives. | Jia X et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration: From Understanding to Therapy. | Muzio L et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglial Adenosine Receptors: From Preconditioning to Modulating the M1/M2 Balance in Activated Cells. | Franco R et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglial Function and Regulation during Development, Homeostasis and Alzheimer's Disease. | Casali BT et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglial gene signature reveals loss of homeostatic microglia associated with neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease. | Sobue A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglial Implications in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19: Lessons From Viral RNA Neurotropism and Possible Relevance to Parkinson's Disease. | Awogbindin IO et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglial inflammation after chronic spinal cord injury is enhanced by reactive astrocytes via the fibronectin/β1 integrin pathway. | Yoshizaki S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglial metabolic disturbances and neuroinflammation in cerebral infarction. | Takeda H et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglial Metamorphosis in Three Dimensions in Virus Limbic Encephalitis: An Unbiased Pictorial Representation Based on a Stereological Sampling Approach of Surveillant and Reactive Microglia. | da Silva Creão LS et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglial Morphology Across Distantly Related Species: Phylogenetic, Environmental and Age Influences on Microglia Reactivity and Surveillance States. | Carvalho-Paulo D et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglial Polarization: Novel Therapeutic Strategy against Ischemic Stroke. | Xue Y et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglial Potassium Channels: From Homeostasis to Neurodegeneration. | Cocozza G et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglial Responses to Brain Injury and Disease: Functional Diversity and New Opportunities. | Lyu J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia-neuron interaction at nodes of Ranvier depends on neuronal activity through potassium release and contributes to remyelination. | Ronzano R et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia Phenotype and Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Balance of Yin and Yang. | Bi R et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia Phenotypes Converge in Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease. | Candlish M et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia Phenotypes Following the Induction of Alcohol Dependence in Adolescent Rats. | Peng H et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia Polarization in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and a Potential Therapeutic Target. | Wang Q et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia reprogram metabolic profiles for phenotype and function changes in central nervous system. | Yang S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Microglia Stimulation by Protein Extract of Injured Rat Spinal Cord. A Novel <i>In vitro</i> Model for Studying Activated Microglia. | Hernández J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Minocycline improves cognition and molecular measures of inflammation and neurodegeneration following repetitive mTBI. | Hiskens MI et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Minocycline in Major Depressive Disorder: And overview with considerations on treatment-resistance and comparisons with other psychiatric disorders. | Nettis MA | — | 2021 | → |
| miRNAs in Microglia: Important Players in Multiple Sclerosis Pathology. | Walsh AD et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Modulation of microglial activation states by spinal cord stimulation in an animal model of neuropathic pain: Comparing high rate, low rate, and differential target multiplexed programming. | Smith WJ et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Multiorgan Dysfunction After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Clinical Management. | Krishnamoorthy V et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Neuroinflammation and microglial activation in Alzheimer disease: where do we go from here? | Leng F et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Neuroinflammation as a Therapeutic Target for Mitigating the Long-Term Consequences of Acute Organophosphate Intoxication. | Andrew PM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Neuroinflammation in neurological disorders: pharmacotherapeutic targets from bench to bedside. | Mishra A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Neuroinflammation: Integrated Nervous Tissue Response through Intercellular Interactions at the "Whole System" Scale. | Nosi D et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Phenotypic plasticity of myeloid cells in glioblastoma development, progression, and therapeutics. | Ye Z et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Primed for addiction: A critical review of the role of microglia in the neurodevelopmental consequences of adolescent alcohol drinking. | Melbourne JK et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| ProBDNF induces sustained elevation of intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> possibly mediated by TRPM7 channels in rodent microglial cells. | Mizoguchi Y et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Psychological Stress as a Risk Factor for Accelerated Cellular Aging and Cognitive Decline: The Involvement of Microglia-Neuron Crosstalk. | Carrier M et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| QSM is an imaging biomarker for chronic glial activation in multiple sclerosis lesions. | Gillen KM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Rapid morphologic changes to microglial cells and upregulation of mixed microglial activation state markers induced by P2X7 receptor stimulation and increased intraocular pressure. | Campagno KE et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions. | Escartin C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Receptors, Channel Proteins, and Enzymes Involved in Microglia-mediated Neuroinflammation and Treatments by Targeting Microglia in Ischemic Stroke. | Hou K et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Redefining Microglial Identity in Health and Disease at Single-Cell Resolution. | Provenzano F et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Remote Limb Ischemic Postconditioning Protects against Ischemic Stroke via Modulating Microglia/Macrophage Polarization in Mice. | Han D et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Retinal and Brain Microglia in Multiple Sclerosis and Neurodegeneration. | Choi S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Reviewing the Role of the Endocannabinoid System in the Pathophysiology of Depression. | Gallego-Landin I et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Risk Mitigation of Immunogenicity: A Key to Personalized Retinal Gene Therapy. | Varin J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Role of glial cells in the generation of sex differences in neurodegenerative diseases and brain aging. | Chowen JA et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Role of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Microglial Activation: Implication in Parkinson's Disease. | Gu C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Role of innate inflammation in traumatic brain injury. | Bourgeois-Tardif S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Role of P2X7 Receptors in Immune Responses During Neurodegeneration. | Oliveira-Giacomelli Á et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Roles of Exosomes and Exosomal MicroRNAs in Postoperative Sleep Disturbance. | Gu X et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Rosmarinic Acid Regulates Microglial M1/M2 Polarization via the PDPK1/Akt/HIF Pathway Under Conditions of Neuroinflammation. | Wei Y et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Salting the Soil: Targeting the Microenvironment of Brain Metastases. | Srinivasan ES et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Senescent Microglia: The Key to the Ageing Brain? | Greenwood EK et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Sex-Specific Microglial Activation and SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Expression Induced by Chronic Unpredictable Stress. | Yan L et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Single-cell RNA-seq analysis reveals compartment-specific heterogeneity and plasticity of microglia. | Zheng J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Glioblastoma Reveals a Unique Tumor Microenvironment and Potential Immunotherapeutic Target Against Tumor-Associated Macrophage. | Cui X et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Targeting Impaired Antimicrobial Immunity in the Brain for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. | Fulop T et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Targeting Microglial Disturbances to Protect the Brain From Neurodevelopmental Disorders Associated With Prematurity. | Delahaye-Duriez A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Targeting the brain lesions using peptides: A review focused on the possibility of targeted drug delivery to multiple sclerosis lesions. | Rayatpour A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Targeting tumor vascularization: promising strategies for vascular normalization. | Zheng R et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Temporal Contribution of Myeloid-Lineage TLR4 to the Transition to Chronic Pain: A Focus on Sex Differences. | Huck NA et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Temporal patterns of microglial activation in white matter following experimental mild traumatic brain injury: a systematic literature review. | Velayudhan PS et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Benedict Arnold of the Central Nervous System Tumor Microenvironment? The Role of Microglia/Macrophages in Glioma. | Bander ED et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The development and physiological and pathophysiological functions of resident macrophages and glial cells. | Blank N et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Eclectic Nature of Glioma-Infiltrating Macrophages and Microglia. | Arrieta VA et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Effect of Annexin A1 as a Potential New Therapeutic Target on Neuronal Damage by Activated Microglia. | You JE et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The effect of dipeptidyl peptidase IV on disease-associated microglia phenotypic transformation in epilepsy. | Zheng Z et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The effects of anaesthetics and sedatives on brain inflammation. | Dominguini D et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The innate immune system in diabetic retinopathy. | Pan WW et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Macrophage Iron Signature in Health and Disease. | Mertens C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Participation of Microglia in Neurogenesis: A Review. | Pérez-Rodríguez DR et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The persistent impact of adolescent binge alcohol on adult brain structural, cellular, and behavioral pathology: A role for the neuroimmune system and epigenetics. | Coleman LG et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Potential Neuroprotective Role of Free and Encapsulated Quercetin Mediated by miRNA against Neurological Diseases. | Benameur T et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Potential Role of Ferroptosis in Alzheimer's Disease. | Zhang G et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Therapeutic Hypothermia Inhibits the Classical Complement Pathway in a Rat Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy. | Shah TA et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Therapeutic Potential of Selenium in Glioblastoma. | Yakubov E et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Repression of the HMGB1-TLR4-NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Safflower Yellow May Improve Spinal Cord Injury. | Wang L et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The role and mechanisms of Microglia in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders. | Li W et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Role of Microglia in Modulating Neuroinflammation after Spinal Cord Injury. | Brockie S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Role of Microglia in Perioperative Neuroinflammation and Neurocognitive Disorders. | Saxena S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Role of Microglial Phagocytosis in Ischemic Stroke. | Jia J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The role of microglia <i>versus</i> peripheral macrophages in maladaptive plasticity after nerve injury. | Szabo-Pardi TA et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Role of Preclinical Models in Creatine Transporter Deficiency: Neurobiological Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Therapeutic Development. | Ghirardini E et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The semantics of microglia activation: neuroinflammation, homeostasis, and stress. | Woodburn SC et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Skeletal Muscle Emerges as a New Disease Target in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. | Pikatza-Menoio O et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Time-Dependent Protective and Pro-Resolving Effects of FPR2 Agonists on Lipopolysaccharide-Exposed Microglia Cells Involve Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPKs Pathways. | Tylek K et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Tissue and Stem Cell Sourced Extracellular Vesicle Communications with Microglia. | Spellicy SE et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Towards PET imaging of the dynamic phenotypes of microglia. | Beaino W et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Transitioning from cerebrospinal fluid to blood tests to facilitate diagnosis and disease monitoring in Alzheimer's disease. | Alawode DOT et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Traumatic Brain Injury: An Age-Dependent View of Post-Traumatic Neuroinflammation and Its Treatment. | Delage C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Ultrasensitive Multiparameter Phenotyping of Rare Cells Using an Integrated Digital-Molecular-Counting Microfluidic Well Plate. | Su SH et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Using the Metabolome to Understand the Mechanisms Linking Chronic Arsenic Exposure to Microglia Activation, and Learning and Memory Impairment. | Zhang RY et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| What are activated and reactive glia and what is their role in neurodegeneration? | Bennett ML et al. | — | 2021 | → |
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| Activation of adenosine A3 receptor reduces early brain injury by alleviating neuroinflammation after subarachnoid hemorrhage in elderly rats. | Li P et al. | — | 2020 | → |
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| An association between mitochondria and microglia effector function. What do we think we know? | Harry GJ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
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| A unique hybrid characteristic having both pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotype transformed by repetitive low-dose lipopolysaccharide in C8-B4 microglia. | Mizobuchi H et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Autophagy Modulators and Neuroinflammation. | Cho KS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Basic Concept of Microglia Biology and Neuroinflammation in Relation to Psychiatry. | Mattei D et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Biophysical basis for Kv1.3 regulation of membrane potential changes induced by P2X4-mediated calcium entry in microglia. | Nguyen HM et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Cannabinoids, Inner Ear, Hearing, and Tinnitus: A Neuroimmunological Perspective. | Perin P et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Cell Therapies under Clinical Trials and Polarized Cell Therapies in Pre-Clinical Studies to Treat Ischemic Stroke and Neurological Diseases: A Literature Review. | Hatakeyama M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Cellular infiltration in traumatic brain injury. | Alam A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Characterization and modulation of microglial phenotypes in an animal model of severe sepsis. | Michels M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Cholinergic Modulation of Glial Function During Aging and Chronic Neuroinflammation. | Gamage R et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve in rats causes different activation modes of microglia between the anterior and posterior horns of the spinal cord. | Nishihara T et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Inhibitors as Potential Leads for New Therapeutics for Alzheimer's Diseases. | Hepp Rehfeldt SC et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Commentary: Neurobiology and Therapeutic Potential of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Inhibitors for Inflammation in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. | Westwell-Roper C et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Common aspects between glaucoma and brain neurodegeneration. | Saccà SC et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| CRISPR, Prime Editing, Optogenetics, and DREADDs: New Therapeutic Approaches Provided by Emerging Technologies in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury. | Paschon V et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Crosstalk Between Astrocytes and Microglia: An Overview. | Matejuk A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Crosstalk between stressed brain cells: direct and indirect effects of ischemia and aglycemia on microglia. | Rabenstein M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Damage Mechanisms to Oligodendrocytes and White Matter in Central Nervous System Injury: The Australian Context. | Warnock A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Delayed PARP-1 Inhibition Alleviates Post-stroke Inflammation in Male Versus Female Mice: Differences and Similarities. | Chen J et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Distinct regional ontogeny and activation of tumor associated macrophages in human glioblastoma. | Landry AP et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| DJ-1 Regulates Microglial Polarization Through P62-Mediated TRAF6/IRF5 Signaling in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion. | Wang T et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Dwellers and Trespassers: Mononuclear Phagocytes at the Borders of the Central Nervous System. | Ivan DC et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Effects of a solid lipid curcumin particle formulation on chronic activation of microglia and astroglia in the GFAP-IL6 mouse model. | Ullah F et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Emerging Developments in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Microglia: Implications for Modelling Psychiatric Disorders With a Neurodevelopmental Origin. | Hanger B et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Endocannabinoid Modulation of Microglial Phenotypes in Neuropathology. | Tanaka M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Escalating morphine dosing in HIV-1 Tat transgenic mice with sustained Tat exposure reveals an allostatic shift in neuroinflammatory regulation accompanied by increased neuroprotective non-endocannabinoid lipid signaling molecules and amino acids. | Hermes DJ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Evaluating the Effect of Interleukin-4 in the 3xTg Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. | Dionisio-Santos DA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Exercise alters LPS-induced glial activation in the mouse brain. | Mota BC et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Exploring the VISTA of microglia: immune checkpoints in CNS inflammation. | Borggrewe M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Extracellular Vesicles miRNA Cargo for Microglia Polarization in Traumatic Brain Injury. | Panaro MA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Fast-tracking regenerative medicine for traumatic brain injury. | Bonsack B et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Fate mapping via CCR2-CreER mice reveals monocyte-to-microglia transition in development and neonatal stroke. | Chen HR et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Fibrotic Scar in Neurodegenerative Diseases. | D'Ambrosi N et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Gene Expression Analysis of Astrocyte and Microglia Endocannabinoid Signaling during Autoimmune Demyelination. | Moreno-García Á et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Glia-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Role in Central Nervous System Communication in Health and Disease. | Pistono C et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Glial cells as therapeutic targets for smoking cessation. | Kumar M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Glial cells in Parkinson´s disease: protective or deleterious? | Domingues AV et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Glial Cells: Role of the Immune Response in Ischemic Stroke. | Xu S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Glial neuroimmune signaling in opioid reward. | Zhang H et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Glia-specific autophagy dysfunction in ALS. | Strohm L et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Glioblastoma hijacks microglial gene expression to support tumor growth. | Maas SLN et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Gold Nanoparticles Treatment Reverses Brain Damage in Alzheimer's Disease Model. | Dos Santos Tramontin N et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Harnessing regulatory T cell neuroprotective activities for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. | Machhi J et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| High-content and high-throughput identification of macrophage polarization phenotypes. | Geng Y et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Hippocampal microglial activation triggers a neurotoxic-specific astrocyte response and mediates etomidate-induced long-term synaptic inhibition. | Li D et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Homotrimer cavin1 interacts with caveolin1 to facilitate tumor growth and activate microglia through extracellular vesicles in glioma. | Wang L et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| How Repair-or-Dispose Decisions Under Stress Can Initiate Disease Progression. | Nold A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| hUC-MSCs ameliorated CUMS-induced depression by modulating complement C3 signaling-mediated microglial polarization during astrocyte-microglia crosstalk. | Li J et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Human cord blood-derived regulatory T-cell therapy modulates the central and peripheral immune response after traumatic brain injury. | Caplan HW et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Identification of a dysfunctional microglial population in human Alzheimer's disease cortex using novel single-cell histology image analysis. | Swanson MEV et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Immovable Object Meets Unstoppable Force? Dialogue Between Resident and Peripheral Myeloid Cells in the Inflamed Brain. | Spiteri AG et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Immune biology of glioma-associated macrophages and microglia: functional and therapeutic implications. | Wei J et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Immune cell regulation of glia during CNS injury and disease. | Greenhalgh AD et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Immune Regulation of Adult Neurogenic Niches in Health and Disease. | Chintamen S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Immunoregulation of microglial polarization: an unrecognized physiological function of α-synuclein. | Li N et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Immunosuppressive Functions of M2 Macrophages Derived from iPSCs of Patients with ALS and Healthy Controls. | Zhao W et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Impact of ambient temperature on inflammation-induced encephalopathy in endotoxemic mice-role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma. | Lang GP et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Increased Microglial Exosomal miR-124-3p Alleviates Neurodegeneration and Improves Cognitive Outcome after rmTBI. | Ge X et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Inhibiting HMGB1-RAGE axis prevents pro-inflammatory macrophages/microglia polarization and affords neuroprotection after spinal cord injury. | Fan H et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Inhibition of Microglial TGFβ Signaling Increases Expression of <i>Mrc1</i>. | von Ehr A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Inhibitory milieu at the multiple sclerosis lesion site and the challenges for remyelination. | Galloway DA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Injury intensifies T cell mediated graft-versus-host disease in a humanized model of traumatic brain injury. | Diaz MF et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Interleukin-6 Derived from the Central Nervous System May Influence the Pathogenesis of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in a Cell-Dependent Manner. | Sanchis P et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| In Vivo TSPO Signal and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease. | Tournier BB et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Involvement of Wnt7a in the role of M2c microglia in neural stem cell oligodendrogenesis. | Mecha M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Is there neuroinflammation in depression? Understanding the link between the brain and the peripheral immune system in depression. | Nettis MA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| K284-6111 alleviates memory impairment and neuroinflammation in Tg2576 mice by inhibition of Chitinase-3-like 1 regulating ERK-dependent PTX3 pathway. | Ham HJ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Large-Scale Proteomics Highlights Glial Role in Neurodegeneration. | Verkhratsky A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism in Microglia. | Loving BA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Locally Applied Stem Cell Exosome-Scaffold Attenuates Nerve Injury-Induced Pain in Rats. | Hsu JM et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Long-term environmental enrichment reduces microglia morphological diversity of the molecular layer of dentate gyrus. | de Oliveira TCG et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| MAPK signaling determines lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-induced inflammation in microglia. | Plastira I et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Mechanisms of Inhibition of Excessive Microglial Activation by Melatonin. | Gao J et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Memory-Like Responses of Brain Microglia Are Controlled by Developmental State and Pathogen Dose. | Lajqi T et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Multiple Sclerosis: Recent Evidence from Pre-Clinical to Clinical Studies. | Gugliandolo A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Metachromatic leukodystrophy and transplantation: remyelination, no cross-correction. | Wolf NI et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia Activation and Inflammation During the Death of Mammalian Photoreceptors. | Karlen SJ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia activation visualization via fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of intrinsically fluorescent metabolic cofactors. | Sagar MAK et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia: Agents of the CNS Pro-Inflammatory Response. | Rodríguez-Gómez JA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia and macrophage metabolism in CNS injury and disease: The role of immunometabolism in neurodegeneration and neurotrauma. | Devanney NA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia and Macrophages in the Pathological Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems. | Abe N et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia and sexual differentiation of the developing brain: A focus on extrinsic factors. | VanRyzin JW et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia and sexual differentiation of the developing brain: A focus on ontogeny and intrinsic factors. | Bordt EA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia-Centered Combinatorial Strategies Against Glioblastoma. | Martins TA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia heterogeneity and neurodegeneration: The emerging paradigm of the role of immunity in Alzheimer's disease. | Hashemiaghdam A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia in Multiple Sclerosis: Friend or Foe? | Guerrero BL et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia in the Brain Tumor Microenvironment. | Cole AP et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia in the hypothalamus respond to tumor-derived factors and are protective against cachexia during pancreatic cancer. | Burfeind KG et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglial Activation and Psychotic Disorders: Evidence from Pre-clinical and Clinical Studies. | Barichello T et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglial Dysregulation and Suicidality: A Stress-Diathesis Perspective. | Baharikhoob P et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglial Hyperreactivity Evolved to Immunosuppression in the Hippocampus of a Mouse Model of Accelerated Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Traits. | Molina-Martínez P et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglial Immunometabolism in Alzheimer's Disease. | Shippy DC et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglial Phenotypes and Their Relationship to the Cannabinoid System: Therapeutic Implications for Parkinson's Disease. | Kelly R et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia mediated neuroinflammation in autism spectrum disorder. | Liao X et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Microglia Susceptibility to Free Bilirubin Is Age-Dependent. | Vaz AR et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Nanoparticle-microglial interaction in the ischemic brain is modulated by injury duration and treatment. | Joseph A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Nanoparticle-siRNA: A potential strategy for rheumatoid arthritis therapy? | Feng N et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rat elicits a region-specific neurotrophic response in SVZ microglia. | Fisch U et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Sex/Gender-Dependent Effects in the Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders. | Kokkosis AG et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Neuroimmunity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: focus on microglia. | Motataianu A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Neuroinflammation. | Mukhara D et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Neuroinflammation and microglia/macrophage phenotype modulate the molecular background of post-stroke depression: A literature review. | Nagy EE et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms in Ischemic Stroke: Focus on Cardioembolic Stroke, Background, and Therapeutic Approaches. | Maida CD et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Neuromodulation of Glial Function During Neurodegeneration. | Stevenson R et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Neuropathobiology of COVID-19: The Role for Glia. | Tremblay ME et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis is required for HIV-1 gp120-induced neuropathology. | He X et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Nurr1<sup>Cd11bcre</sup> conditional knockout mice display inflammatory injury to nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. | Dong J et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Oral treatment with glycyrrhizin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and promotes microglial M2 polarization after traumatic spinal cord injury. | Su XQ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Ovariectomy Induces Microglial Cell Activation and Inflammatory Response in Rat Prefrontal Cortices to Accelerate the Chronic Unpredictable Stress-Mediated Anxiety and Depression. | Ge F et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Overlapping evidence of innate immune dysfunction in psychotic and affective disorders. | Hughes HK et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Parkinson's Disease: Can Targeting Inflammation Be an Effective Neuroprotective Strategy? | Gundersen V | — | 2020 | → |
| Pathology of inflammatory diseases of the nervous system: Human disease versus animal models. | Lassmann H | — | 2020 | → |
| Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Models in Parkinson's Disease for Drug Identification. | Kouroupi G et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Patterns of Expression of Purinergic Receptor P2RY12, a Putative Marker for Non-Activated Microglia, in Aged and Alzheimer's Disease Brains. | Walker DG et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Pharmacological approaches to mitigate neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease. | Uddin MS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Platelet regulates neuroinflammation and restores blood-brain barrier integrity in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. | Gao C et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Post-Ischaemic Immunological Response in the Brain: Targeting Microglia in Ischaemic Stroke Therapy. | Rawlinson C et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Postmortem evidence of brain inflammatory markers in bipolar disorder: a systematic review. | Giridharan VV et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Prenatal Ethanol Exposure and Postnatal Environmental Intervention Alter Dopaminergic Neuron and Microglia Morphology in the Ventral Tegmental Area During Adulthood. | Aghaie CI et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Promising Molecular Targets for Pharmacological Therapy of Neurodegenerative Pathologies. | Neganova ME et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Protective Microglial Subset in Development, Aging, and Disease: Lessons From Transcriptomic Studies. | Benmamar-Badel A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Pterostilbene Attenuates Cocultured BV-2 Microglial Inflammation-Mediated SH-SY5Y Neuronal Oxidative Injury via SIRT-1 Signalling. | Zhu Q et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Purinergic signaling orchestrating neuron-glia communication. | Agostinho P et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of myeloid cell marker expression in human cortex captures microglia heterogeneity with anatomical context. | Swanson MEV et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Radiation Triggers a Dynamic Sequence of Transient Microglial Alterations in Juvenile Brain. | Osman AM et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| RANK/RANKL/OPG Signaling in the Brain: A Systematic Review of the Literature. | Glasnović A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Regulation of microglia by glutamate and its signal pathway in neurodegenerative diseases. | Zhang X et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Remyelination in multiple sclerosis: from basic science to clinical translation. | Lubetzki C et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Response by Shi and Liu to Letter Regarding Article, "IL (Interleukin)-15 Bridges Astrocyte-Microglia Crosstalk and Exacerbates Brain Injury Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage". | Shi SX et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Role of dietary fatty acids in microglial polarization in Alzheimer's disease. | Desale SE et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Role of Infiltrating Microglia/Macrophages in Glioma. | Catalano M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Role of Macrophages and Microglia in Zebrafish Regeneration. | Var SR et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Sestrin2 regulates microglia polarization through mTOR-mediated autophagic flux to attenuate inflammation during experimental brain ischemia. | He T et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Spinal Cord Microglia in Health and Disease. | Kolos EA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| SRT2104 attenuates chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive-like behaviors and imbalance between microglial M1 and M2 phenotypes in the mice. | Duan CM et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| [<sup>18</sup>F]FEPPA PET imaging for monitoring CD68-positive microglia/macrophage neuroinflammation in nonhuman primates. | Zammit M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Targeting microglia to mitigate perioperative neurocognitive disorders. | Wang DS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Ambiguous Role of Microglia in Aβ Toxicity: Chances for Therapeutic Intervention. | Merlo S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Anti-Neuroinflammatory Role of Anthocyanins and Their Metabolites for the Prevention and Treatment of Brain Disorders. | Henriques JF et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 Reduces Delayed Neurologic Sequelae After Carbon Monoxide Poisoning by Promoting Microglial M2 Polarization Through ST2 Signaling. | Du JJ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Emerging Role of Curcumin in the Modulation of TLR-4 Signaling Pathway: Focus on Neuroprotective and Anti-Rheumatic Properties. | Panaro MA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The expression of keratan sulfate reveals a unique subset of microglia in the mouse hippocampus after pilocarpine-induced status epileptics. | Ohgomori T et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Increased Densities, But Different Distributions, of Both C3 and S100A10 Immunopositive Astrocyte-Like Cells in Alzheimer's Disease Brains Suggest Possible Roles for Both A1 and A2 Astrocytes in the Disease Pathogenesis. | King A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The longevity-associated variant of BPIFB4 improves a CXCR4-mediated striatum-microglia crosstalk preventing disease progression in a mouse model of Huntington's disease. | Di Pardo A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The microglial component of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. | Clarke BE et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The role of innate immune responses and neuroinflammation in amyloid accumulation and progression of Alzheimer's disease. | Webers A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Role of Microglia during West Nile Virus Infection of the Central Nervous System. | Stonedahl S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The role of microglia in neuroprogressive disorders: mechanisms and possible neurotherapeutic effects of induced ketosis. | Morris G et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Role of P2X7 Receptor in Alzheimer's Disease. | Francistiová L et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Role of TGFβ Signaling in Microglia Maturation and Activation. | Spittau B et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Roles of miRNA in Glioblastoma Tumor Cell Communication: Diplomatic and Aggressive Negotiations. | Buruiană A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling in Focal Cerebral Ischemia: a Focus on the Neurovascular Unit. | Famakin BM et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Transcriptomic characterization of microglia activation in a rat model of ischemic stroke. | Deng W et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Transplantation of M2-Deviated Microglia Promotes Recovery of Motor Function after Spinal Cord Injury in Mice. | Kobashi S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Tumor-associated macrophages based signaling pathway analysis and hub genes identification in glioma. | Wang X et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| β-Hydroxybutyrate Oxidation Promotes the Accumulation of Immunometabolites in Activated Microglia Cells. | Benito A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Acute drivers of neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury. | Wofford KL et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Apolipoprotein E Deficiency Aggravates Neuronal Injury by Enhancing Neuroinflammation via the JNK/c-Jun Pathway in the Early Phase of Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice. | Wu Y et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Astrocyte progenitor transplantation promotes regeneration of bulbospinal respiratory axons, recovery of diaphragm function, and a reduced macrophage response following cervical spinal cord injury. | Goulão M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Axonal and Myelin Neuroprotection by the Peptoid BN201 in Brain Inflammation. | Villoslada P et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri): An ayurvedic herb against the Alzheimer's disease. | Dubey T et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Brain Innate Immune Response in Diet-Induced Obesity as a Paradigm for Metabolic Influence on Inflammatory Signaling. | Macedo F et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Cell Type Specific Expression of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Brains and Implications in Alzheimer's Disease. | Frederiksen HR et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Cerebroprotection by progesterone following ischemic stroke: Multiple effects and role of the neural progesterone receptors. | Zhu X et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Cross-talk between microglia and neurons regulates HIV latency. | Alvarez-Carbonell D et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Curcumin inhibits LPS-induced neuroinflammation by promoting microglial M2 polarization via TREM2/ TLR4/ NF-κB pathways in BV2 cells. | Zhang J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Curcumin Mitigates Neuro-Inflammation by Modulating Microglia Polarization Through Inhibiting TLR4 Axis Signaling Pathway Following Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. | Gao Y et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Cytokine CCL5 and receptor CCR5 axis in glioblastoma multiforme. | Kranjc MK et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Delayed Astrogliosis Associated with Reduced M1 Microglia Activation in Matrix Metalloproteinase 12 Knockout Mice during Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis. | Hansmann F et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Deletion of the RNA regulator HuR in tumor-associated microglia and macrophages stimulates anti-tumor immunity and attenuates glioma growth. | Wang J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Dexmedetomidine modulates neuroinflammation and improves outcome via alpha2-adrenergic receptor signaling after rat spinal cord injury. | Gao J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| DHEA Attenuates Microglial Activation via Induction of JMJD3 in Experimental Subarachnoid Haemorrhage. | Tao T et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Distinct Protein Expression Networks are Activated in Microglia Cells after Stimulation with IFN-γ and IL-4. | Vergara D et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Dopamine-mediated immunomodulation affects choroid plexus function. | Castellani G et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Drug Development for Alzheimer's Disease: Microglia Induced Neuroinflammation as a Target? | Dong Y et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Early Sex Differences in the Immune-Inflammatory Responses to Neonatal Ischemic Stroke. | Villapol S et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Early treatment with minocycline following stroke in rats improves functional recovery and differentially modifies responses of peri-infarct microglia and astrocytes. | Yew WP et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Editorial: Linking Neuroinflammation and Glial Phenotypic Changes in Neurological Diseases. | Tang Y et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Effects of Curcumin on Microglial Cells. | Ghasemi F et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Enforced microglial depletion and repopulation as a promising strategy for the treatment of neurological disorders. | Han J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Experimental colitis reduces microglial cell activation in the mouse brain without affecting microglial cell numbers. | Sroor HM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Exploiting microglial and peripheral immune cell crosstalk to treat Alzheimer's disease. | Dionisio-Santos DA et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Favorable manipulation of macrophage/endothelial cell functionality and their cross-talk on silicon-doped titania nanotube arrays. | Bai L et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Glial Cell AMPA Receptors in Nervous System Health, Injury and Disease. | Ceprian M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Harnessing Immunoproteostasis to Treat Neurodegenerative Disorders. | Golde TE | — | 2019 | → |
| Harnessing Microglia and Macrophages for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. | Prionisti I et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Immunometabolic phenotype of BV-2 microglia cells upon murine cytomegalovirus infection. | Kučić N et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Incretin Mimetics as Rational Candidates for the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury. | Glotfelty EJ et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Induction of NTPDase1/CD39 by Reactive Microglia and Macrophages Is Associated With the Functional State During EAE. | Jakovljevic M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Inflammation in ALS/FTD pathogenesis. | McCauley ME et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Inflammation in Traumatic Brain Injury: Roles for Toxic A1 Astrocytes and Microglial-Astrocytic Crosstalk. | Clark DPQ et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Inflammation resolution and specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in CNS diseases. | Shang P et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Inter-alpha Inhibitor Proteins Modulate Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers After Hypoxia-Ischemia in Neonatal Rats. | Barrios-Anderson A et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Interleukin-33 reduces neuronal damage and white matter injury via selective microglia M2 polarization after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. | Chen Z et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Phenolic Compounds from Moraiolo Virgin Olive Oil (MVOO) in Brain Cells via Regulating the TLR4/NLRP3 Axis. | Taticchi A et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| In vitro models to study insulin and glucocorticoids modulation of trimethyltin (TMT)-induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, and in vivo validation in db/db mice. | Sandström J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| In Vitro Priming and Hyper-Activation of Brain Microglia: an Assessment of Phenotypes. | Koss K et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the adult and developing brain. | Saito M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Involvement of RhoA/ROCK Signaling in Aβ-Induced Chemotaxis, Cytotoxicity and Inflammatory Response of Microglial BV2 Cells. | Zhang X et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Ion Channels and Receptors as Determinants of Microglial Function. | Izquierdo P et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Isosteviol Sodium Protects against Ischemic Stroke by Modulating Microglia/Macrophage Polarization via Disruption of GAS5/miR-146a-5p sponge. | Zhang H et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Its complicated: The relationship between alcohol and microglia in the search for novel pharmacotherapeutic targets for alcohol use disorders. | Melbourne JK et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Long-term characterization of activated microglia/macrophages facilitating the development of experimental brain metastasis through intravital microscopic imaging. | Qiao S et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Maternal immune activation-induced PPARγ-dependent dysfunction of microglia associated with neurogenic impairment and aberrant postnatal behaviors in offspring. | Zhao Q et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Mechanism underlying β2-AR agonist-mediated phenotypic conversion of LPS-activated microglial cells. | Sharma M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Metabolism and inflammation: implications for traumatic brain injury therapeutics. | Killen MJ et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglia and the aging brain: are senescent microglia the key to neurodegeneration? | Angelova DM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglia and the Purinergic Signaling System. | Calovi S et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglia Are Essential to Protective Antiviral Immunity: Lessons From Mouse Models of Viral Encephalitis. | Hatton CF et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglia as Dynamic Cellular Mediators of Brain Function. | Wright-Jin EC et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglia: Brain cells on the move. | Smolders SM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglia in Central Nervous System Inflammation and Multiple Sclerosis Pathology. | Voet S et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglia in Parkinson's Disease. | Ho MS | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglia in the Neurovascular Unit: Blood-Brain Barrier-microglia Interactions After Central Nervous System Disorders. | Thurgur H et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglial activation after ischaemic stroke. | Zhang S | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglial activation in the cochlear nucleus after early hearing loss in rats. | Noda M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglial Cells Depletion Increases Inflammation and Modifies Microglial Phenotypes in an Animal Model of Severe Sepsis. | Michels M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglial-driven changes in synaptic plasticity: A possible role in major depressive disorder. | Innes S et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglial Modulation as a Target for Chronic Pain: From the Bench to the Bedside and Back. | Haight ES et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglial Morphometric Parameters Correlate With the Expression Level of IL-1β, and Allow Identifying Different Activated Morphotypes. | Fernández-Arjona MDM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglial subtypes: diversity within the microglial community. | Stratoulias V et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglia Reactivity: Heterogeneous Pathological Phenotypes. | Hirbec H et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglia Receptors in Animal Models of Traumatic Brain Injury. | Younger D et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Microglia roles in synaptic plasticity and myelination in homeostatic conditions and neurodevelopmental disorders. | Bar E et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| MicroRNAs and the Genetic Nexus of Brain Aging, Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Brain Trauma. | Sarkar SN et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| miR-223 promotes regenerative myeloid cell phenotype and function in the demyelinated central nervous system. | Galloway DA et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| MiR-495 regulates macrophage M1/M2 polarization and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice via targeting FTO. | Hu F et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Modelling human pathology of traumatic brain injury in animal models. | Risling M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Molecular imaging of multiple sclerosis: from the clinical demand to novel radiotracers. | Bauckneht M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Neuroimmune signaling in alcohol use disorder. | Erickson EK et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Neuroinflammation and Glial Phenotypic Changes in Alpha-Synucleinopathies. | Refolo V et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Neuroinflammation as a Common Feature of Neurodegenerative Disorders. | Guzman-Martinez L et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Neuroinflammation in preterm babies and autism spectrum disorders. | Bokobza C et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Neuroinflammation in the central nervous system: Symphony of glial cells. | Yang QQ et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Neuroprotective Effects of BHDPC, a Novel Neuroprotectant, on Experimental Stroke by Modulating Microglia Polarization. | Li C et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches to Target Alpha-Synuclein and Related Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease. | Zella MAS et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Olfactory Ensheathing Cells Grafted Into the Retina of RCS Rats Suppress Inflammation by Down-Regulating the JAK/STAT Pathway. | Xie J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Oligodendroglial α-synucleinopathy-driven neuroinflammation in multiple system atrophy. | Hoffmann A et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Opposite Effects of Neuroprotective Cannabinoids, Palmitoylethanolamide, and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol on Function and Morphology of Microglia. | Hohmann U et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Pharmacological Targeting of Microglial Activation: New Therapeutic Approach. | Liu CY et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| pHERV-W envelope protein fuels microglial cell-dependent damage of myelinated axons in multiple sclerosis. | Kremer D et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Potential Immunotherapeutic Targets on Myeloid Cells for Neurovascular Repair After Ischemic Stroke. | Zhu Z et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Progressive multiple sclerosis: from pathophysiology to therapeutic strategies. | Faissner S et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Protective effects of delayed intraventricular TLR7 agonist administration on cerebral white and gray matter following asphyxia in the preterm fetal sheep. | Cho KHT et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Reformulating Pro-Oxidant Microglia in Neurodegeneration. | García-Revilla J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Rescue of Noradrenergic System as a Novel Pharmacological Strategy in the Treatment of Chronic Pain: Focus on Microglia Activation. | Caraci F et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Revealing Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Cell Death, Glial Proliferation, and Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction Around Implanted Intracortical Neural Interfaces. | Wellman SM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Role of Microglia in Ataxias. | Ferro A et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Role of NADPH oxidase-2 in the progression of the inflammatory response secondary to striatum excitotoxic damage. | Hernández-Espinosa DR et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Role of the CD200-CD200R Axis During Homeostasis and Neuroinflammation. | Manich G et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Segmented Iba1-Positive Processes of Microglia in Autism Model Marmosets. | Sanagi T et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Microglia throughout the Mouse Lifespan and in the Injured Brain Reveals Complex Cell-State Changes. | Hammond TR et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Steroids in Stroke with Special Reference to Progesterone. | Guennoun R et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of fluorine-18 benzimidazole sulfones as CB2 PET-radioligands. | Kallinen A et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Targeting microglia attenuates neuroinflammation-related neural damage in mice carrying human PLP1 mutations. | Groh J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The A1 astrocyte paradigm: New avenues for pharmacological intervention in neurodegeneration. | Hinkle JT et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The emerging role of neutrophils as modifiers of recovery after traumatic injury to the developing brain. | von Leden RE et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The Intra-nuclear SphK2-S1P Axis Facilitates M1-to-M2 Shift of Microglia via Suppressing HDAC1-Mediated KLF4 Deacetylation. | Ji J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The involvement of microglia in Alzheimer's disease: a new dog in the fight. | Moore Z et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The landscape of myeloid and astrocyte phenotypes in acute multiple sclerosis lesions. | Park C et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The Major Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease: Age, Sex, and Genes Modulate the Microglia Response to Aβ Plaques. | Sala Frigerio C et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The Molecular Basis for Remyelination Failure in Multiple Sclerosis. | Gruchot J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate inhibits microglial activation via the AMPK/mTOR/NF-κB pathway. | Han CJ et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The potassium channel KCa3.1 represents a valid pharmacological target for microgliosis-induced neuronal impairment in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. | Lu J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The Role of Microglia and Astrocytes in Huntington's Disease. | Palpagama TH et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The Role of Microglia in Bacterial Meningitis: Inflammatory Response, Experimental Models and New Neuroprotective Therapeutic Strategies. | Thorsdottir S et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The role of microglial inflammasome activation in pyroptotic cell death following penetrating traumatic brain injury. | Lee SW et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The Role of Neuronal Factors in the Epigenetic Reprogramming of Microglia in the Normal and Diseased Central Nervous System. | Veremeyko T et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The Shh receptor Boc is important for myelin formation and repair. | Zakaria M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Thrombin and the <i>Coag-Inflammatory Nexus</i> in Neurotrauma, ALS, and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders. | Festoff BW et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation of Microglia in Health and Disease. | Yeh H et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| TREM2 deficiency aggravates α-synuclein-induced neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease models. | Guo Y et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Increases The Risk of Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease: Ultrastructural Remodeling of the Neurovascular Unit and Diabetic Gliopathy. | Hayden MR | — | 2019 | → |
| Vessel-Associated Immune Cells in Cerebrovascular Diseases: From Perivascular Macrophages to Vessel-Associated Microglia. | Koizumi T et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| What Do Microglia Really Do in Healthy Adult Brain? | Augusto-Oliveira M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Wnt canonical pathway activator TWS119 drives microglial anti-inflammatory activation and facilitates neurological recovery following experimental stroke. | Song D et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Age Influences Microglial Activation After Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination. | Klein B et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| A Model of Perinatal Ischemic Stroke in the Rat: 20 Years Already and What Lessons? | Charriaut-Marlangue C et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| A monocyte gene expression signature in the early clinical course of Parkinson's disease. | Schlachetzki JCM et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| An Overview of <i>in vitro</i> Methods to Study Microglia. | Timmerman R et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Apolipoprotein E Exerts a Whole-Brain Protective Property by Promoting M1? Microglia Quiescence After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice. | Pang J et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Brain Iron Homeostasis: A Focus on Microglial Iron. | Nnah IC et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Caspases orchestrate microglia instrumental functions. | Shen X et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Clinical PET Imaging of Microglial Activation: Implications for Microglial Therapeutics in Alzheimer's Disease. | Shen Z et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Counteracting neuroinflammation in experimental Parkinson's disease favors recovery of function: effects of Er-NPCs administration. | Carelli S et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Cu<sup>II</sup>(atsm) Attenuates Neuroinflammation. | Choo XY et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Differential response of pineal microglia to surgical versus pharmacological stimuli. | Ibañez Rodriguez MP et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Early Growth Response Gene-2 Is Essential for M1 and M2 Macrophage Activation and Plasticity by Modulation of the Transcription Factor CEBPβ. | Veremeyko T et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Elucidating the Interactive Roles of Glia in Alzheimer's Disease Using Established and Newly Developed Experimental Models. | Chun H et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Exercise-Induced Modulation of Neuroinflammation in Models of Alzheimer's Disease. | Kelly ÁM | — | 2018 | → |
| Exosomes Isolated From Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviate Neuroinflammation and Reduce Amyloid-Beta Deposition by Modulating Microglial Activation in Alzheimer's Disease. | Ding M et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Genome-wide RNAseq study of the molecular mechanisms underlying microglia activation in response to pathological tau perturbation in the rTg4510 tau transgenic animal model. | Wang H et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Imaging and Molecular Mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease: A Review. | Femminella GD et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Inflammation and blood-brain barrier breach remote from the primary injury following neurotrauma. | Smith NM et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Inhibition of MyD88 Signaling Skews Microglia/Macrophage Polarization and Attenuates Neuronal Apoptosis in the Hippocampus After Status Epilepticus in Mice. | Liu JT et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Inhibition of NF-κB signaling in IKKβF/F;LysM Cre mice causes motor deficits but does not alter pathogenesis of Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1. | Ferro A et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Innate Immunity Cells and the Neurovascular Unit. | Presta I et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Is Targeting the Inflammasome a Way Forward for Neuroscience Drug Discovery? | Swanton T et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Kinase-Based Taming of Brain Microglia Toward Disease-Modifying Therapy. | Lee SH et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Microglia Express Mu Opioid Receptor: Insights From Transcriptomics and Fluorescent Reporter Mice. | Maduna T et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Microglia heterogeneity along a spatio-temporal axis: More questions than answers. | Silvin A et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Microglia increases the proliferation of retinal precursor cells during postnatal development. | Kuse Y et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Microglial markers in the frontal cortex are related to cognitive dysfunctions in major depressive disorder. | Li H et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Microglial signatures and their role in health and disease. | Butovsky O et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Microglial TREM2/DAP12 Signaling: A Double-Edged Sword in Neural Diseases. | Konishi H et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Mononuclear phagocytes locally specify and adapt their phenotype in a multiple sclerosis model. | Locatelli G et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Multidimensional communication in the microenvirons of glioblastoma. | Broekman ML et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Noninvasive 40-Hz light flicker to recruit microglia and reduce amyloid beta load. | Singer AC et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| P2X4 receptor controls microglia activation and favors remyelination in autoimmune encephalitis. | Zabala A et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| P2X7 as a scavenger receptor for innate phagocytosis in the brain. | Gu BJ et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Pivotal role of innate myeloid cells in cerebral post-ischemic sterile inflammation. | Tsuyama J et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Protective effects of Withania somnifera extract in SOD1<sup>G93A</sup> mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. | Dutta K et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Purple Corn Extract as Anti-allodynic Treatment for Trigeminal Pain: Role of Microglia. | Magni G et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Regular Exercise Modifies Histopathological Outcomes of Pharmacological Treatment in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. | Bernardes D et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Sigma-1 Receptor-Modulated Neuroinflammation in Neurological Diseases. | Jia J et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Single-cell transcriptomics reveals distinct inflammation-induced microglia signatures. | Sousa C et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Stem cell factor induces polarization of microglia to the neuroprotective phenotype <i>in vitro</i>. | Terashima T et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Targeting Mitochondrial Metabolism in Neuroinflammation: Towards a Therapy for Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. | Peruzzotti-Jametti L et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The diverse culinary habits of microglia. | Bilbo SD | — | 2018 | → |
| The evolving role of neuro-immune interaction in brain repair after cerebral ischemic stroke. | Wang X et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The Kaleidoscope of Microglial Phenotypes. | Dubbelaar ML et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The Multifarious Role of Microglia in Brain Metastasis. | Soto MS et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The peripheral immune response after stroke-A double edge sword for blood-brain barrier integrity. | Li Y et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The plasticity of primary microglia and their multifaceted effects on endogenous neural stem cells in vitro and in vivo. | Vay SU et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The Role of Microglia in the Spread of Tau: Relevance for Tauopathies. | Perea JR et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The role of oligodendrocytes and their progenitors on neural interface technology: A novel perspective on tissue regeneration and repair. | Wellman SM et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 is required for microglial pro-inflammatory activation in vivo. | Di Lucente J et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| TSG-6 attenuates inflammation-induced brain injury via modulation of microglial polarization in SAH rats through the SOCS3/STAT3 pathway. | Li R et al. | — | 2018 | → |