Varenicline, an alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, vs sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial.
paper
Cited
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- Authors
- Gonzales, David; Rennard, Stephen I; Nides, Mitchell; Oncken, Cheryl; Azoulay, Salomon; Billing, Clare B; Watsky, Eric J; Gong, Jason; Williams, Kathryn E; Reeves, Karen R; Varenicline Phase 3 Study Group
- Year
- 2006
- Journal
- JAMA
- PMID
- 16820546
- DOI
- 10.1001/jama.296.1.47
CONTEXT: The alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are linked to the reinforcing effects of nicotine and maintaining smoking behavior. Varenicline, a novel alpha4beta2 nAChR partial agonist, may be beneficial for smoking cessation. OBJECTIVE: To assess efficacy and safety of varenicline for smoking cessation compared with sustained-release bupropion (bupropion SR) and placebo. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo- and active-treatment-controlled, phase 3 clinical trial conducted at 19 US centers from June 19, 2003, to April 22, 2005. Participants were 1025 generally healthy smokers (> or =10 cigarettes/d) with fewer than 3 months of smoking abstinence in the past year, 18 to 75 years old, recruited via advertising. INTERVENTION: Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive brief counseling and varenicline titrated to 1 mg twice per day (n = 352), bupropion SR titrated to 150 mg twice per day (n = 329), or placebo (n = 344) orally for 12 weeks, with 40 weeks of nondrug follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome was the exhaled carbon monoxide-confirmed 4-week rate of continuous abstinence from smoking for weeks 9 through 12. A secondary outcome was the continuous abstinence rate for weeks 9 through 24 and weeks 9 through 52. RESULTS: For weeks 9 through 12, the 4-week continuous abstinence rates were 44.0% for varenicline vs 17.7% for placebo (odds ratio [OR], 3.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.70-5.50; P<.001) and vs 29.5% for bupropion SR (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.40-2.68; P<.001). Bupropion SR was also significantly more efficacious than placebo (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.38-2.89; P<.001). For weeks 9 through 52, the continuous abstinence rates were 21.9% for varenicline vs 8.4% for placebo (OR, 3.09; 95% CI, 1.95-4.91; P<.001) and vs 16.1% for bupropion SR (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 0.99-2.17; P = .057). Varenicline reduced craving and withdrawal and, for those who smoked while receiving study drug, smoking satisfaction. No sex differences in efficacy for varenicline were observed. Varenicline was safe and generally well tolerated, with study drug discontinuation rates similar to those for placebo. The most common adverse events for participants receiving active-drug treatment were nausea (98 participants receiving varenicline [28.1%]) and insomnia (72 receiving bupropion SR [21.9%]). CONCLUSION: Varenicline was significantly more efficacious than placebo for smoking cessation at all time points and significantly more efficacious than bupropion SR at the end of 12 weeks of drug treatment and at 24 weeks. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00141206.
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| Effects of galantamine on smoking behavior and cognitive performance in treatment-seeking smokers prior to a quit attempt. | MacLean RR et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Effects of the nicotinic agonist varenicline, nicotinic antagonist r-bPiDI, and DAT inhibitor (R)-modafinil on co-use of ethanol and nicotine in female P rats. | Maggio SE et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Effects of Varenicline Alone and in Combination With Low-dose Naltrexone on Alcohol-primed Smoking in Heavy-drinking Tobacco Users: A Preliminary Laboratory Study. | Roberts W et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Effects of varenicline on cognitive performance in heavy drinkers: Dose-response effects and associations with drinking outcomes. | Roberts W et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Effects of varenicline therapy in combination with advanced behavioral support on smoking cessation and quality of life in inpatients with acute exacerbation of COPD, bronchial asthma, or community-acquired pneumonia: A prospective, open-label, preference-based, 52-week, follow-up trial. | Politis A et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Efficacy and Safety of Varenicline for Smoking Cessation in Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis. | Ahmed S et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Facilitated Extinction Training to Improve Pharmacotherapy for Smoking Cessation: A Pilot Feasibility Trial. | Brandon TH et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Feasibility and Preliminary Effectiveness of Varenicline for Treating Co-Occurring Cannabis and Tobacco Use. | Adams TR et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Feasibility of Implementing the All Nations Breath of Life Culturally Tailored Smoking Cessation Program for American Indians in Multi-Tribal Urban Communities. | Daley CM et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Functional Neurocircuits and Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Tobacco Use Disorder. | Sutherland MT et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Improvement of Smoking Abstinence Rates With Increased Varenicline Dosage: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis. | Karam-Hage M et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Linear-rank testing of a non-binary, responder-analysis, efficacy score to evaluate pharmacotherapies for substance use disorders. | Holmes TH et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Modulating Neural Circuits with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Implications for Addiction Treatment Development. | Hanlon CA et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| New insights on the effects of varenicline on nicotine reward, withdrawal and hyperalgesia in mice. | Bagdas D et al. | — | 2018 | → |
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| Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. | Reamy BV et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Quality of health economic evaluations for the ACC/AHA stable ischemic heart disease practice guideline: A systematic review. | Stevens ER et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Reversal of Nicotine Withdrawal Signs Through Positive Allosteric Modulation of α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Male Mice. | Hamouda AK et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Scientific Evidence for the Addictiveness of Tobacco and Smoking Cessation in Tobacco Litigation. | Roh S | — | 2018 | → |
| Sex as a biological variable: Drug use and abuse. | Riley AL et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Sex Specific Alterations in α4*Nicotinic Receptor Expression in the Nucleus Accumbens. | Holgate JY et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Short-term benefit of smoking cessation along with glycopirronium on lung function and respiratory symptoms in mild COPD patients: a retrospective study. | Pezzuto A et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The Black Book of Psychotropic Dosing and Monitoring. | Schatzberg AF et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Tobacco use during a clinical trial of mecamylamine for alcohol dependence: Medication effects on smoking and associations with reductions in drinking. | Roberts W et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Treatment adherence and short-term outcomes of smoking cessation outpatient clinic patients. | Karadoğan D et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Understanding the implications of the biobehavioral basis of nicotine addiction and its impact on the efficacy of treatment. | Bozinoff N et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Varenicline and Bupropion for Long-Term Smoking Cessation (the MATCH Study): Protocol for a Real-World, Pragmatic, Randomized Controlled Trial. | Zawertailo L et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Varenicline and GZ-793A differentially decrease methamphetamine self-administration under a multiple schedule of reinforcement in rats. | Kangiser MM et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Varenicline for long term smoking cessation in patients with COPD. | Hernández Zenteno RJ et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Varenicline for tobacco-dependence treatment in alcohol-dependent smokers: A randomized controlled trial. | Hurt RT et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Varenicline is associated with a modest limitation in weight gain in smokers after smoking cessation: a meta-analysis. | Sun Y et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Varenicline treatment for methamphetamine dependence: A randomized, double-blind phase II clinical trial. | Briones M et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| A comparison of the efficacy of varenicline and bupropion and an evaluation of the effect of the medications in the context of the smoking cessation programme. | Benli AR et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| ADHD symptoms impact smoking outcomes and withdrawal in response to Varenicline treatment for smoking cessation. | Bidwell LC et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| A Perioperative Smoking Cessation Intervention With Varenicline, Counseling, and Fax Referral to a Telephone Quitline Versus a Brief Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial. | Wong J et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| A retrospective analysis of the comparative effectiveness of smoking cessation medication among individuals with mental illness in community-based mental health and addictions treatment settings. | Okoli CTC et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Changing the default for tobacco-cessation treatment in an inpatient setting: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. | Faseru B et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Combination Varenicline and Lorcaserin for Tobacco Dependence Treatment and Weight Gain Prevention in Overweight and Obese Smokers: A Pilot Study. | Hurt RT et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Combination Varenicline/Bupropion Treatment Benefits Highly Dependent Smokers in an Adaptive Smoking Cessation Paradigm. | Rose JE et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Concurrent varenicline and prolonged exposure for patients with nicotine dependence and PTSD: A randomized controlled trial. | Foa EB et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Disruption of mitochondrial quality control in peripheral artery disease: New therapeutic opportunities. | Ueta CB et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Effectiveness of intensive practice nurse counselling versus brief general practitioner advice, both combined with varenicline, for smoking cessation: a randomized pragmatic trial in primary care. | van Rossem C et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Effect of exercise type on smoking cessation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. | Klinsophon T et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Effects of ceftriaxone on conditioned nicotine reward in rats. | Philogene-Khalid HL et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Effects of menthol and its interaction with nicotine-conditioned cue on nicotine-seeking behavior in rats. | Harrison E et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Effects of varenicline on alcohol cue reactivity in heavy drinkers. | Roberts W et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Effects of varenicline on alcohol self-administration and craving in drinkers with depressive symptoms. | Roberts W et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Efficacy of Varenicline for Cigarette Reduction Before Quitting in Japanese Smokers: A Subpopulation Analysis of the Reduce to Quit Trial. | Nakamura M et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Functional network connectivity predicts treatment outcome during treatment of nicotine use disorder. | Wilcox CE et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Identification and Characteristics of Time-Related Shifts in Suicide-Related Event Frequency During Smoking Cessation Treatment with Varenicline. | Akimoto H et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Impact of Telephone-Based Care Coordination on Use of Cessation Medications Posthospital Discharge: A Randomized Controlled Trial. | Tague C et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Improving the Management of COPD in Women. | Jenkins CR et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Increased network centrality as markers of relapse risk in nicotine-dependent individuals treated with varenicline. | Shen Z et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Longitudinal Impact of Smoking and Smoking Cessation on Inflammatory Markers of Cardiovascular Disease Risk. | King CC et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Lorcaserin for Smoking Cessation and Associated Weight Gain: A Randomized 12-Week Clinical Trial. | Shanahan WR et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Maintenance pharmacotherapy normalizes the relapse curve in recently abstinent tobacco smokers with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. | Evins AE et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Moderators of smoking cessation outcomes in a randomized-controlled trial of varenicline versus placebo. | Littlewood RA et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Nicotine- and cocaine-triggered methamphetamine reinstatement in female and male Sprague-Dawley rats. | Pittenger ST et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation: effects by subgroup defined by genetically informed biomarkers. | Schuit E et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Reducing the Prevalence of Smoking: Policy Measures and Focusing on Specific Populations. | Bruijnzeel AW | — | 2017 | → |
| Sex Differences in Smoking Cessation Pharmacotherapy Comparative Efficacy: A Network Meta-analysis. | Smith PH et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Sleep Disturbance During Smoking Cessation: Withdrawal or Side Effect of Treatment? | Ashare RL et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Smoking Cessation: The Urgent Need for Increased Utilization of Varenicline. | Gaballa D et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Treating tobacco dependence: guidance for primary care on life-saving interventions. Position statement of the IPCRG. | Van Schayck OCP et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Trends in utilization of smoking cessation agents before and after the passage of FDA boxed warning in the United States. | Shah D et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Varenicline enhances oxidized LDL uptake by increasing expression of LOX-1 and CD36 scavenger receptors through α<sub>7</sub> nAChR in macrophages. | Kanaoka Y et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Varenicline in smokers with diabetes: A pooled analysis of 15 randomized, placebo-controlled studies of varenicline. | Tonstad S et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Varenicline promotes endothelial cell migration by lowering vascular endothelial-cadherin levels via the activated α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mitogen activated protein kinase axis. | Koga M et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Varenicline versus nicotine patch with brief advice for smokers with substance use disorders with or without depression: effects on smoking, substance use and depressive symptoms. | Rohsenow DJ et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| A clinical trial to examine disparities in quitting between African-American and White adult smokers: Design, accrual, and baseline characteristics. | Nollen NL et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| A comparison of neuropsychiatric adverse events during early treatment with varenicline or a nicotine patch. | Cunningham FE et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Cognitive control deficits during mecamylamine-precipitated withdrawal in mice: Possible links to frontostriatal BDNF imbalance. | Parikh V et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Combination Therapies for Smoking Cessation: A Hierarchical Bayesian Meta-Analysis. | Windle SB et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Comparative Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Medications: A National Prospective Cohort From Taiwan. | Chang PY et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Comparative Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Medications to Attenuate Weight Gain Following Cessation. | Yang M et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Smoking Cessation Interventions in Japan Using a Discrete-Event Simulation. | Igarashi A et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Critical needs in drug discovery for cessation of alcohol and nicotine polysubstance abuse. | Van Skike CE et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Definition of Best Medical Treatment in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis. | Paraskevas KI et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Design considerations for a pilot trial using a novel approach for evaluating smoking-cessation medication in methadone-maintained smokers. | Winhusen T et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Effectiveness of varenicline and counselling for smoking cessation in an observational cohort study in China. | Jiang B et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Effects of Nicotine Patch vs Varenicline vs Combination Nicotine Replacement Therapy on Smoking Cessation at 26 Weeks: A Randomized Clinical Trial. | Baker TB et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Effects of Televised Direct-to-Consumer Advertising for Varenicline on Prescription Dispensing in the United States, 2006-2009. | Kim Y et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Effects of varenicline on alpha4-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression and cognitive performance in mice. | Lange-Asschenfeldt C et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Effects of varenicline on sympatho-vagal balance and cue reactivity during smoking withdrawal: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. | Haarmann H et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Evaluation of the "Pipeline" for Development of Medications for Cocaine Use Disorder: A Review of Translational Preclinical, Human Laboratory, and Clinical Trial Research. | Czoty PW et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Exercise to Enhance Smoking Cessation: the Getting Physical on Cigarette Randomized Control Trial. | Prapavessis H et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Factors influencing sustainable efficacy of smoking cessation treatment with varenicline beyond nine months. | Shimadu S et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Helping patients to reduce tobacco consumption in oncology: a narrative review. | Lucchiari C et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| HIV and smoking: associated risks and prevention strategies. | Kariuki W et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation. | Cahill K et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Nicotinic receptor blockade decreases fos immunoreactivity within orexin/hypocretin-expressing neurons of nicotine-exposed rats. | Simmons SJ et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Non-pharmacological treatments for COPD. | Mulhall P et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Operating on Patients Who Smoke: A Survey of Thoracic Surgeons in the United States. | Marino KA et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Quitting smoking before and after varenicline: a population study based on two representative samples of US smokers. | Zhu SH et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Safety of Varenicline for Smoking Cessation in Psychiatric and Addicts Patients. | Raich A et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Sex Differences in Varenicline Efficacy for Smoking Cessation: A Meta-Analysis. | McKee SA et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Success of a smoking cessation programme in smoking behaviour of chronic periodontitis patients and identification of predictors of motivation for smoking cessation - a pilot study. | Kropff B et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| The CB1 Neutral Antagonist AM4113 Retains the Therapeutic Efficacy of the Inverse Agonist Rimonabant for Nicotine Dependence and Weight Loss with Better Psychiatric Tolerability. | Gueye AB et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| The effects of varenicline on methamphetamine self-administration and drug-primed reinstatement in female rats. | Pittenger ST et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| The Past, Present, and Future of Nicotine Addiction Therapy. | Prochaska JJ et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| The safety of treatments for tobacco use disorder. | Little MA et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| The up-rise in e-cigarette use - friend or foe? | Lundbäck B et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Tobacco Cessation Treatment Pathways for Patients With Cancer: 10 Years in the Making. | Karam-Hage M et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Use of varenicline for more than 12 months for smoking cessation in heavy chronic obstructive pulmonary disease smokers unmotivated to quit: a pilot study. | Sansores RH et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Use of Varenicline in Smokeless Tobacco Cessation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. | Schwartz J et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Varenicline and Adverse Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. | Sterling LH et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Varenicline Effects on Smoking, Cognition, and Psychiatric Symptoms in Schizophrenia: A Double-Blind Randomized Trial. | Smith RC et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Varenicline for smoking cessation: a narrative review of efficacy, adverse effects, use in at-risk populations, and adherence. | Burke MV et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Varenicline for Smoking Cessation in Hospitalized Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome. | Eisenberg MJ et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Varenicline for Smoking Cessation in Light Smokers. | Ebbert JO et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Varenicline-Induced Elevation of Dopamine in Smokers: A Preliminary [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO PET Study. | Di Ciano P et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Zonisamide Reduces Withdrawal Symptoms But Does Not Enhance Varenicline-Induced Smoking Cessation. | Dunn KE et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Abstinence and relapse among smokers who use varenicline in a quit attempt-a pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials. | Agboola SA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| A combined smoking cessation intervention within a lung cancer screening trial: a pilot observational study. | Pozzi P et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| An exploratory short-term double-blind randomized trial of varenicline versus nicotine patch for smoking cessation in women. | Gray KM et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| An open-label pilot trial of N-acetylcysteine and varenicline in adult cigarette smokers. | McClure EA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| A randomized trial for hazardous drinking and smoking cessation for callers to a quitline. | Toll BA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| A Review of the Literature Concerning HIV and Cigarette Smoking: Morbidity and Mortality, Associations with Individual- and Social-Level Characteristics, and Smoking Cessation Efforts. | Pacek LR et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric risks of varenicline: a retrospective cohort study. | Kotz D et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Combination therapy of varenicline with nicotine replacement therapy is better than varenicline alone: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. | Chang PH et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Combining intensive practice nurse counselling or brief general practitioner advice with varenicline for smoking cessation in primary care: study protocol of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. | van Rossem C et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Cost-effectiveness of retreatment with varenicline after failure with or relapse after initial treatment for smoking cessation. | Annemans L et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Differentiating the primary reinforcing and reinforcement-enhancing effects of varenicline. | Schassburger RL et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Effect of varenicline on smoking cessation through smoking reduction: a randomized clinical trial. | Ebbert JO et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Empowering smokers with a web-assisted tobacco intervention to use prescription smoking cessation medications: a feasibility trial. | Selby P et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Evaluating the Effects of Varenicline on Craving, Withdrawal, and Affect in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Varenicline for Smokeless Tobacco Dependence in India. | Jhanjee S et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Extended varenicline treatment in a severe cardiopathic cigarette smoker: a case report. | Munarini E et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Genetic variation (CHRNA5), medication (combination nicotine replacement therapy vs. varenicline), and smoking cessation. | Chen LS et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Hospitalization as a teachable moment for cigarette smoking cessation. | Son KY | — | 2015 | → |
| Innovations in translational sex and gender-sensitive tobacco research. | McKee SA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Interventions for smokeless tobacco use cessation. | Ebbert JO et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Lack of Associations of CHRNA5-A3-B4 Genetic Variants with Smoking Cessation Treatment Outcomes in Caucasian Smokers despite Associations with Baseline Smoking. | Tyndale RF et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Moderators of Varenicline Treatment Effects in a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial for Alcohol Dependence: An Exploratory Analysis. | Falk DE et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Negative affective states and cognitive impairments in nicotine dependence. | Hall FS et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Neurobiological Bases of Cue- and Nicotine-induced Reinstatement of Nicotine Seeking: Implications for the Development of Smoking Cessation Medications. | Stoker AK et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| New mechanisms and perspectives in nicotine withdrawal. | Jackson KJ et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Nicotinic receptor contributions to smoking: insights from human studies and animal models. | Brunzell DH et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Orthosteric and Allosteric Ligands of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors for Smoking Cessation. | Mohamed TS et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Parkinsonism related to varenicline in a patient during smoking cessation. | Uca AU et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of the effect of varenicline on nicotine craving in adult smokers. | Ravva P et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Pharmacokinetics of cytisine, an α4 β2 nicotinic receptor partial agonist, in healthy smokers following a single dose. | Jeong SH et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Pharmacological Options for Smoking Cessation in Heavy-Drinking Smokers. | Yardley MM et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Quit Smoking Experts' Opinions toward Quality and Results of Quit Smoking Methods Provided in Tobacco Cessation Services Centers in Iran. | Heydari G et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Real-world effectiveness of varenicline versus nicotine replacement therapy in patients with and without psychiatric disorders. | Kaduri P et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Reinforcement sensitivity underlying treatment-seeking smokers' affect, smoking reinforcement motives, and affective responses. | Cui Y et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Right anterior insula connectivity is important for cue-induced craving in nicotine-dependent smokers. | Moran-Santa Maria MM et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Risk of neuropsychiatric adverse events associated with varenicline: systematic review and meta-analysis. | Thomas KH et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Role of the Neuregulin Signaling Pathway in Nicotine Dependence and Co-morbid Disorders. | Fisher ML et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Role of α4- and α6-containing nicotinic receptors in the acquisition and maintenance of nicotine self-administration. | Madsen HB et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Seven-day continuous abstinence rate from smoking at 1, 2, or 3 years after the use of varenicline. | Kim JS et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Smoking cessation in Asians: focus on varenicline. | Xiao D et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Smoking Use and Cessation Among People with Serious Mental Illness. | Annamalai A et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Strategies for improving cardiovascular health in women with diabetes mellitus: a review of the evidence. | Jain RK et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| The DRD2/ANKK1 Taq1A polymorphism is associated with smoking cessation failure in patients with coronary heart disease. | Mayer O et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| The effect of switching pharmacological intervention during extinction on nicotine-evoked conditioned responding in rats. | Pittenger ST et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| The effects of N-Acetylcysteine on frontostriatal resting-state functional connectivity, withdrawal symptoms and smoking abstinence: A double-blind, placebo-controlled fMRI pilot study. | Froeliger B et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Updates in the management of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | Narsingam S et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Use of stop-smoking medications in the United States before and after the introduction of varenicline. | Kasza KA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Use of the nicotine metabolite ratio as a genetically informed biomarker of response to nicotine patch or varenicline for smoking cessation: a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. | Lerman C et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Varenicline and abnormal sleep related events. | Savage RL et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Varenicline for treatment of alcohol dependence: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. | de Bejczy A et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Varenicline, naltrexone, and their combination for heavy-drinking smokers: preliminary neuroimaging findings. | Ray LA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Acceptance of cravings: how smoking cessation experiences affect craving beliefs. | Nosen E et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial of varenicline for smokeless tobacco dependence in India. | Jain R et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| An efficient early phase 2 procedure to screen medications for efficacy in smoking cessation. | Perkins KA et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Antidepressants for smoking cessation. | Hughes JR et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| A pragmatic, randomized, controlled study evaluating the impact of access to smoking cessation pharmacotherapy coverage on the proportion of successful quitters in a Canadian population of smokers motivated to quit (ACCESSATION). | Selby P et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| A randomized trial of concurrent smoking-cessation and substance use disorder treatment in stimulant-dependent smokers. | Winhusen TM et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| A systematic review of studies assessing the association between adherence to smoking cessation medication and treatment success. | Raupach T et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Cardiovascular events associated with smoking cessation pharmacotherapies: a network meta-analysis. | Mills EJ et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Cellular, molecular, and genetic substrates underlying the impact of nicotine on learning. | Gould TJ et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Combination treatment with varenicline and bupropion in an adaptive smoking cessation paradigm. | Rose JE et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Combination varenicline and bupropion SR for tobacco-dependence treatment in cigarette smokers: a randomized trial. | Ebbert JO et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Diverse strategies targeting α7 homomeric and α6β2* heteromeric nicotinic acetylcholine receptors for smoking cessation. | Brunzell DH et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Early changes in the components of the metabolic syndrome in a group of smokers after tobacco cessation. | Ponciano-Rodriguez G et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Effectiveness of pharmacologic therapies on smoking cessation success: three years results of a smoking cessation clinic. | Yilmazel Ucar E et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Effectiveness of varenicline versus nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation with minimal professional support: evidence from an English population study. | Kotz D et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Effects of varenicline, nicotine or placebo on depressive symptoms in postmenopausal smokers. | Avery N et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Efficacy of the nicotine vaccine 3'-AmNic-rEPA (NicVAX) co-administered with varenicline and counselling for smoking cessation: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. | Hoogsteder PH et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Emerging drugs for the treatment of tobacco dependence: 2014 update. | Elrashidi MY et al. | — | 2014 | → |
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| Involvement of neuronal β2 subunit-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in nicotine reward and withdrawal: implications for pharmacotherapies. | Simmons SJ et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Neurocognitive endophenotypes in schizophrenia: modulation by nicotinic receptor systems. | Mackowick KM et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Open label smoking cessation with varenicline is associated with decreased glutamate levels and functional changes in anterior cingulate cortex: preliminary findings. | Wheelock MD et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Optimizing treatments for nicotine dependence by increasing cognitive performance during withdrawal. | Ashare RL et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Organic cation transporter variation and response to smoking cessation therapies. | Bergen AW et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Perceived medication assignment during a placebo-controlled laboratory study of varenicline: temporal associations of treatment expectancies with smoking-related outcomes. | Correa JB et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Pharmacologically, are smokers the same as non-smokers? | Bani M et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Pharmacotherapy of smoking cessation. | Jiloha RC | — | 2014 | → |
| Phase II crossover trial of varenicline in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. | Kim SY et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Pilot study of the 5-HT2AR agonist psilocybin in the treatment of tobacco addiction. | Johnson MW et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Potential role of N-acetylcysteine in the management of substance use disorders. | McClure EA et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Predictors of lapse and relapse to smoking in successful quitters in a varenicline post hoc analysis in Japanese smokers. | Nakamura M et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Retreatment with varenicline for smoking cessation in smokers who have previously taken varenicline: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. | Gonzales D et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Rhodiola rosea L. extract and its active compound salidroside antagonized both induction and reinstatement of nicotine place preference in mice. | Titomanlio F et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Safety of varenicline tartrate and counseling versus counseling alone for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial for inpatients (STOP study). | Carson KV et al. | — | 2014 | → |
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| Smoking cessation and the risk of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose: three-year outcomes after a quit attempt. | Stein JH et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Smoking cessation in men and women. | Potter AS | — | 2014 | → |
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| Varenicline, a partial agonist at neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, reduces nicotine-induced increases in 20% ethanol operant self-administration in Sprague-Dawley rats. | Bito-Onon JJ et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Varenicline attenuates cue-induced relapse to alcohol, but not nicotine seeking, while reducing inhibitory response control. | Wouda JA et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Varenicline blocks nicotine intake in rats with extended access to nicotine self-administration. | George O et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Varenicline effects on craving, cue reactivity, and smoking reward. | Brandon TH et al. | — | 2011 | → |
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| What justifies a placebo-controlled trial of Varenicline for smoking cessation in patients with COPD? | Kotz D et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| α6β2* and α4β2* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors as drug targets for Parkinson's disease. | Quik M et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| A brief review of pharmacotherapeutic treatment options in smoking cessation: bupropion versus varenicline. | Johnson TS | — | 2010 | → |
| A bupropion smoking cessation clinical trial for cancer patients. | Schnoll RA et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| A contingency-management intervention to promote initial smoking cessation among opioid-maintained patients. | Dunn KE et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Activation of alpha4* nAChRs is necessary and sufficient for varenicline-induced reduction of alcohol consumption. | Hendrickson LM et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Addition of bupropion SR to varenicline alleviated depression and suicidal ideation: a case report. | Karam-Hage M et al. | — | 2010 | → |
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| Alpha-conotoxin MII-sensitive nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the nucleus accumbens shell regulate progressive ratio responding maintained by nicotine. | Brunzell DH et al. | — | 2010 | → |
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| A thoracic surgeon-directed tobacco cessation intervention. | Kozower BD et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| A tobacco reconceptualization in psychiatry: toward the development of tobacco-free psychiatric facilities. | Moss TG et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Behavioral counseling and varenicline treatment for smoking cessation. | Swan GE et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Changes in plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in smokers after smoking cessation. | Bhang SY et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Characteristics and abstinence outcomes among tobacco quitline enrollees using varenicline or nicotine replacement therapy. | Biazzo LL et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Cigarette use and cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease: an unappreciated modifiable lifestyle risk factor. | Stack AG et al. | — | 2010 | → |
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| Effect of administration of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist BTMPS, during nicotine self-administration, on lever responding induced by context long after withdrawal. | Hall BJ et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Effects of bupropion on simulated demand for cigarettes and the subjective effects of smoking. | Madden GJ et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Effects of continued tobacco use during treatment of lung cancer. | Waller LL et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Effects of smoking and smoking cessation on endothelial function: 1-year outcomes from a randomized clinical trial. | Johnson HM et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Effects of smoking intensity and cessation on inflammatory markers in a large cohort of active smokers. | Asthana A et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Efficacy and safety of varenicline for smoking cessation in patients with cardiovascular disease: a randomized trial. | Rigotti NA et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Evaluation of varenicline as an aid to smoking cessation in UK general practice - a THIN database study. | Blak BT et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Gabapentin for smoking cessation. | Sood A et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Genetic variation in nicotine metabolism predicts the efficacy of extended-duration transdermal nicotine therapy. | Lerman C et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Immediate versus delayed quitting and rates of relapse among smokers treated successfully with varenicline, bupropion SR or placebo. | Gonzales D et al. | — | 2010 | → |
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| Influence of smoking abstinence and nicotine replacement therapy on heart rate and QT time-series. | Lewis MJ et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Insular lesions and smoking cessation after first-ever ischemic stroke: a 3-month follow-up. | Bienkowski P et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Low-dose naltrexone augmentation of nicotine replacement for smoking cessation with reduced weight gain: a randomized trial. | Toll BA et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Mouse model predicts effects of smoking and varenicline on event-related potentials in humans. | Rudnick ND et al. | — | 2010 | → |
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| Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors as pharmacotherapeutic targets for the treatment of alcohol use disorders. | Chatterjee S et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Nicotine patch plus lozenge gives greatest increases in abstinence from smoking rates at 6 months compared with placebo; smaller effects seen with nicotine patch alone, bupropion or nicotine lozenges alone or combined. | Gonzales D | — | 2010 | → |
| Nicotine patch vs. nicotine lozenge for smoking cessation: an effectiveness trial coordinated by the Community Clinical Oncology Program. | Schnoll RA et al. | — | 2010 | → |
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| Practical implications of ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines for the management of unstable angina/non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. | Patel PD et al. | — | 2010 | → |
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| Quantitative assessment of exposure-response relationships for the efficacy and tolerability of varenicline for smoking cessation. | Ravva P et al. | — | 2010 | → |
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| Smoking outcome by psychiatric history after behavioral and varenicline treatment. | McClure JB et al. | — | 2010 | → |
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| The alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine-receptor partial agonist varenicline inhibits both nicotine self-administration following repeated dosing and reinstatement of nicotine seeking in rats. | O'Connor EC et al. | — | 2010 | → |
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| Varenicline does not increase serum BDNF levels in patients with nicotine dependence. | Umene-Nakano W et al. | — | 2010 | → |
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| Are nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline or bupropion options for pregnant mothers to quit smoking? Effects on the respiratory system of the offspring. | Maritz GS | — | 2009 | → |
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| Budgetary impact of varenicline in smoking cessation in the United Kingdom. | Taylor DC et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an update on diagnosis and management issues in older adults. | Nazir SA et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Clinical utility of varenicline for smokers with medical and psychiatric comorbidity. | Ebbert JO et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Cognitive and antismoking effects of varenicline in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. | Smith RC et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Combination treatment with varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy. | Ebbert JO et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Comparing smoking treatment programs for lighter smokers with and without a history of heavier smoking. | Gariti P et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Cost-effectiveness of varenicline for smoking cessation. | Keiding H | — | 2009 | → |
| Cost effectiveness of varenicline in Belgium, compared with bupropion, nicotine replacement therapy, brief counselling and unaided smoking cessation: a BENESCO Markov cost-effectiveness analysis. | Annemans L et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Discriminative stimulus effects of nicotine in humans. | Perkins KA | — | 2009 | → |
| Do the 10 UK suicides among those taking the smoking cessation drug varenicline suggest a causal link? | Stapleton J | — | 2009 | → |
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| Evaluation of cost-utility of varenicline compared with existing smoking cessation therapies in South Korea. | Bae JY et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Factors associated with the use of aids to cessation in English smokers. | Kotz D et al. | — | 2009 | → |
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| Impact of symptoms experienced by varenicline users on tobacco treatment in a real world setting. | Halperin AC et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| International Spanish/English Internet smoking cessation trial yields 20% abstinence rates at 1 year. | Muñoz RF et al. | — | 2009 | → |
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| Is intermittent vasculogenic claudication still a nonsurgical disease? | Taylor SM | — | 2009 | → |
| Longitudinal associations between people's cessation-related experiences and their satisfaction with cessation. | Baldwin AS et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| L-type calcium channels and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II differentially mediate behaviors associated with nicotine withdrawal in mice. | Jackson KJ et al. | — | 2009 | → |
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| Modulation of ethanol drinking-in-the-dark by mecamylamine and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists in C57BL/6J mice. | Hendrickson LM et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Mood, side-effects and smoking outcomes among persons with and without probable lifetime depression taking varenicline. | McClure JB et al. | — | 2009 | → |
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| Real world study to evaluate the effectiveness of varenicline and cognitive-behavioural interventions for smoking cessation. | Ramon JM et al. | — | 2009 | → |
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